LLM Self-Refinement

LLM: Large Language Model

Ask about this topic

Momentum

6 papers in the last four weeks, up 50% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

Jul 13Week of Sep 28
View on map

Latest papers 62

All topics
CardsList

  1. The Winner's Curse in LLM Self-Improvement Loops: Selection Noise, Lock-in, and Acceptance Rules

    Oct 7, 2026Litao Hu, Yutong TangLLM Self-RefinementLanguage Model Self-Improvement

    Meta · Microsoft

  2. RefCon: Iterative Refinement and Contrastive Memory Extraction for Context-Evolving Agent

    Sep 30, 2026Ubaidillah Ariq Prathama, Bo Liu, Yeo Boon Hong +3Contrastive LearningLLM Self-Refinement

    Huawei Technologies, Co., Ltd.

  3. AREX-2: Advancing Self-Improving Agents through Long-Horizon Reflective Tasks

    Sep 29, 2026Hongjin Qian, Chaofan Li, Kun Luo +11LLM Self-RefinementLLM Agent Training

    Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence (BAAI)

  4. WeaveData: A Multimodal Data Analysis System with Self-Critiquing and Self-Evolving LLM Plans

    Sep 28, 2026Min Jia, Shihao Zhou, Jun-Peng Zhu +9LLM Self-RefinementLLM Planning

    Northwest A&F University · PingCAP · East China Normal University +1

  5. DENSE: Distilling Agent Trajectories into Evidence-Grounded Shortcut Trees for Self-Refinement

    Sep 18, 2026Siyuan Liu, Fan Yu, Dongyu Ru +5LLM Self-RefinementAI Agent Evaluation

    Fudan University · Meituan Longcat Team

  6. What Drives Recovery in Agentic Text-to-Cypher? LAST-CQ: An LLM Agent Self-Refinement Framework

    Sep 14, 2026Ioannis Prokopiou, Athanasios Aidinis, Panagiotis-Christos Kyrmpatsos +1LLM Self-RefinementLLM Agent Evaluation

    Athens University of Economics and Business · Orfium

  7. Vibe Patenting: Evaluating LLM Judges for Professional Patent-Drafting Agents

    Sep 11, 2026Toshiaki Koike-Akino, Vladislav Blaykhman, Ye Wang +2LLM Self-RefinementLLM-as-a-Judge

    Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) 202 Broadway, Cambrdige, MA 02139

  8. ReDeck: Step-Level Render-Grounded Refinement for Document-to-Slide Generation

    Aug 31, 2026Muzhao Tian, Zezi Zeng, Yifan Yang +14LLM Self-RefinementGenerative AI Evaluation

    Fudan University · Work done during an internship at Microsoft. · Xi’an Jiaotong University +2

  9. Co-Evolving Actor-Conditioned Critics for Non-Verifiable Generation

    Aug 31, 2026Jinyoung Kim, Muhammad Khalifa, Lajanugen Logeswaran +4RL for Language ModelsLLM Evaluation

    University of Michigan · LG AI Research · University of Illinois at Chicago

  10. Optimal Stopping of Self-Refining Foundation Models

    Aug 11, 2026Kim Hammar, Tansu Alpcan, Emil C. LupuLLM Self-RefinementOptimal Stopping

    Imperial College London, United Kingdom · University of Melbourne, Australia

  11. SafeQL: Search-based Refinement for Safe and Efficient LLM-based Text-to-SQL

    Aug 10, 2026Geonho Lee, Min-Soo KimLLM Self-RefinementText-to-SQL

    Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Republic of Korea

  12. Progressive Content Refinement with Decaying Reward Joint LinUCB

    Aug 7, 2026Shion Ishikawa, Pablo Loyola, Young-joo Chung +1LLM Self-RefinementLarge Language Model-Guided Optimization

    Rakuten Group, Inc. Tokyo, Japan · Rakuten Group, Inc. San Mateo, USA

  13. Refining Over Resampling: Test-Time Self-Correction for LLM Reasoning

    Aug 6, 2026Ahsan Bilal, Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin, Muhammad Umer +4Numerical Reasoning in Language ModelsLLM Self-Correction

    University of Oklahoma · Stanford University · Universitat Pompeu Fabra +1

  14. RefactorAssist: Agentic Refinement for Reliable Code Refactoring

    Aug 2, 2026Jonathan Cordeiro, Shayan Noei, Ying ZouLLM Self-RefinementAutomated Program Repair

    Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada

  15. When Does LLM Orchestration Pay Off? A Controlled Evaluation of Accuracy, Cost, and Task Difficulty

    Aug 1, 2026Nicolas Leins, Nico Pelleriti, Jana Gonnermann-Müller +1LLM EvaluationLLM Self-Refinement

    Zuse Institute Berlin & TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany · Zuse Institute Berlin & Weizenbaum Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany

  16. Reflection or Re-Generation? Why LLM Revision Fails Where Human Revision Succeeds

    Jul 31, 2026Yefan Tao, Gerald Friedland, Madhusudhanan Chandrasekaran +1LLM Self-CorrectionLLM Self-Refinement

    Amazon

  17. Sample More, Reflect Less: Self-Refine and Reflexion Lose to Repeated Sampling at Equal Token Cost, from 1.5B to 7B

    Jul 30, 2026Iliya MirzaeiLLM Self-RefinementLanguage Model Generation Evaluation

    Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University

  18. Two Calls Beat Five Agents: Evaluating Multi-Agent Pipelines Against Self-Refinement for Local Language Models

    Jul 29, 2026Ashish Prajapati, Om MohiteMulti-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Self-Refinement

    Independent Researcher Mumbai, India

  19. When Do Agent Loops Mistake Stagnation for Progress? Self-Evaluation Bias and Externally Grounded Verification in Long-Running Autonomous LLM Agent Loops

    Jul 27, 2026Hyundoo Park, Byungho ChoiAI Agent ReliabilityLLM Self-Refinement

    AsyncSite

  20. Failures Reveal What Metrics Miss: An Evidence-Driven Agent for Recursive Refinement of ECG Classifiers

    Jul 27, 2026Jinliang Deng, Yiming Niu, Yibo Pan +3LLM Self-RefinementElectrocardiogram Classification

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing, China · School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China +1

  21. Teaching LLMs to Self-Evolve: Cultivating Core Meta-Skills with Reinforcement Learning

    Jul 24, 2026Shujin Wu, Cheng Qian, Xiusi Chen +1RL for Code GenerationLLM Self-Refinement

    University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

  22. Think Through a Bottleneck: Hourglass Reasoning for Rigorous Induction

    Jul 13, 2026Huan ZhuLLM Self-RefinementLLM-Based Program Synthesis

    Peking University

  23. Recursive Self-Improvement in AI: From Bounded Self-Refinement to Autonomous Research Loops

    Jul 8, 2026Mingguang Chen, Licheng Wang, Bo QuLLM Self-RefinementHuman-in-the-Loop Evaluation

    University of California, Riverside (UCR) · AlphaAvatar · Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT)

  24. Contrastive Reflection for Iterative Prompt Optimization

    Jun 29, 2026Derek Koh, Jinghui Mo, Benjamin H. Le +7LLM Self-RefinementLLM Agent Workflow Optimization

    LinkedIn Sunnyvale, California, USA

  25. What Drives Interactive Improvement from Feedback?

    Jun 29, 2026Bartłomiej Cupiał, Jan Łojek, Mikołaj Garstecki +3LLM Self-RefinementLLM Agent Evaluation

    University of Warsaw · AKCES NCBR · Princeton University +2

  26. Towards Reliable and Robust LLM Planning: Symbolic Feedback-Driven Iterative Self-Refinement Framework

    Jun 26, 2026Jiajing Zhang, Jiamei Jiang, Chenyang Zhang +3LLM Self-RefinementLLM Planning

    State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Industry-education Integration, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

  27. Perception, Verdict, and Evolution: Hindsight-Driven Self-Refining Forensics Agent for AI-Generated Image Detection

    Jun 25, 2026Yangjun Wu, Keyu Yan, Yu Liu +5LLM Self-RefinementAI-Generated Image Detection

    Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China · Alibaba Group

  28. When Does Intrinsic Self-Correction Help? A Task-Sensitive Analysis

    Jun 22, 2026Elroy Stav, Dvir Berlowitz, Maayan Orner +1LLM Self-CorrectionLLM Evaluation

    Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Bar-Ilan University · Independent Researcher

  29. Denoising Iterative Self-Correction: Structured Verification Loops for Reliable LLM Reasoning

    Jun 19, 2026Shen Yin, David Ken, Joel StremmelLLM Self-CorrectionLLM Self-Refinement

    Thomson Reuters Labs

  30. ScholarSum: Student-Teacher Abstractive Summarization via Knowledge Graph Reasoning and Reflective Refinement

    Jun 17, 2026Bohou Zhang, Xiaoyu Tao, Mingyue Cheng +2LLM Self-RefinementGraph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

    State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, University of Science and Technology of China

  31. SkillAxe: Sharpening LLM-Authored Agent Skills Through Evaluation-Guided Self-Refinement

    Jun 9, 2026Srishti Gautam, Arjun Radhakrishna, Sumit GulwaniLLM Self-RefinementLLM Agent Self-Improvement

    Microsoft

  32. (Auto)formalization is supposed to be easy: Trellis process semantics for spelling out rigorous proofs

    Jun 8, 2026Wesley PegdenLLM Self-RefinementLLM Agents

    Department of Mathematical Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University.

  33. Closing the Prior-Posterior Loop: Self-Reflective Molecular Design with Analysis-Driven LLM Iteration

    Jun 8, 2026Junyi Gong, Zijie Qiu, Ben Zhong TangMolecular OptimizationLLM Self-Refinement

    Faculty of Chemistry, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University · School of Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) · Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

  34. Reasoning without Gold Standards: A Proxy-Judge Theory of Autoformalization

    Jun 8, 2026Lei Xu, Xin Quan, André FreitasLLM Self-RefinementLLM-as-a-Judge

    1Idiap Research Institute, Switzerland · 2École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland · Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, United Kingdom +1

  35. FLARE: Fine-Grained Diagnostic Feedback for LLM Code Refinement

    Jun 2, 2026Yinsheng Yao, Hongxiang Zhang, Weixi Tong +1LLM Self-RefinementAutomated Program Repair

    Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA

  36. On the Generalization Gap in Self-Evolving Language Model Reasoning

    May 31, 2026Zhenting Qi, Susanna Maria Baby, Stefanie Anna Baby +5LLM Self-RefinementLanguage Modeling

    Google Research · Harvard University · Google +1

  37. What Am I Missing? Question-Answering as Hidden State Probing

    May 29, 2026Chu Fei Luo, Samuel Dahan, Xiaodan ZhuLLM Self-RefinementLanguage Model Self-Assessment

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Ingenuity Labs, Queen’s University · Conflict Analytics Lab, Queen’s University · Cornell Law School +1

  38. Self-Trained Verification for Training- and Test-Time Self-Improvement

    May 28, 2026Chen Henry Wu, Aditi RaghunathanLLM Self-RefinementLanguage Model Self-Improvement

    Carnegie Mellon University

  39. Honest Lying: Understanding Memory Confabulation in Reflexive Agents

    May 28, 2026Prakhar Dixit, Sadia Kamal, Tim OatesAI Agent ReliabilityLLM Self-Refinement

    Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.

  40. Hallucination Detection-Guided Preference Optimization for Clinical Summarization

    May 27, 2026Shamanth Kuthpadi Seethakantha, Dung Ngoc Thai, Vara Prasad Gudi +6LLM Self-RefinementLLM Hallucination Mitigation

    1Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences · 2Ensemble HP · 3Columbia University +1

  41. CORE: Contrastive Reflection Enables Rapid Improvements in Reasoning

    May 27, 2026Linas Nasvytis, Simon Jerome Han, Ben Prystawski +3LLM Self-RefinementEfficient Language Model Reasoning

    Stanford University

  42. CoSPlay: Cooperative Self-Play at Test-Time with Self-Generated Code and Unit Test

    May 22, 2026Zhangyi Hu, Chenhui Liu, Tian Huang +6LLM Self-RefinementExecution-Guided Code Generation

    1The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Institute of Deep Perception Technology, JITRI, Wuxi, China

  43. Self-Refining Topology Optimization via an LLM-Based Multi-Agent Framework

    May 22, 2026Hyunjee Park, Hayoung ChungTopology OptimizationMulti-Agent LLM Systems

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea

  44. ImProver 2: Iteratively Self-Improving LMs for Neurosymbolic Proof Optimization

    May 21, 2026Riyaz Ahuja, Tate Rowney, Jeremy Avigad +1LLM Self-RefinementAutomated Theorem Proving

    Carnegie Mellon University

  45. Reflective Prompt Tuning through Language Model Function-Calling

    May 20, 2026Farima Fatahi Bayat, Moin Aminnaseri, Pouya Pezeshkpour +1LLM Self-RefinementLLM Prompting

    Megagon Labs

  46. REFLECTOR: Internalizing Step-wise Reflection against Indirect Jailbreak

    May 20, 2026Jiachen Ma, Jiawen Zhang, Xiangtian Li +3LLM Self-RefinementLLM Safety

    Fudan University · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory · Zhejiang University

  47. A-ProS: Towards Reliable Autonomous Programming Through Multi-Model Feedback

    May 18, 2026Anika Tabassum, Md Sifat Hossain, Md. Fahim Arefin +2LLM Self-RefinementExecution-Guided Code Generation

    Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh · Dept. of Information Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA

  48. STRIDE: A Self-Reflective Agent Framework for Reliable Automatic Equation Discovery

    May 18, 2026Jiarui Su, Songjun Tu, Bei Sun +1LLM Self-RefinementAI Agents for Scientific Discovery

    Central South University · Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences · Pengcheng Laboratory

  49. What Does LLM Refinement Actually Improve? A Systematic Study on Document-Level Literary Translation

    May 13, 2026Shaomu Tan, Dawei Zhu, Ke Tran +5LLM Self-RefinementDocument-Level MT

    University of Amsterdam · 3Amazon AGI · University of Cambridge

  50. ICRL: Learning to Internalize Self-Critique with Reinforcement Learning

    May 13, 2026Jianbo Lin, Xiaomin Yu, Yi Xin +7RL for Language ModelsLLM Self-Refinement

    Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Nanjing University · Sun Yat-sen University +3

  51. RubricRefine: Improving Tool-Use Agent Reliability with Training-Free Pre-Execution Refinement

    May 10, 2026Will LeVine, Brendan Evers, Sam Saltwick +1LLM Self-RefinementRubric-Based Evaluation

    Anduril Industries

  52. Interactive Critique-Revision Training for Reliable Structured LLM Generation

    May 8, 2026Fei Xu Yu, Zuyuan Zhang, Mahdi Imani +2LLM Self-RefinementGroup Relative Policy Optimization

    The George Washington University · Northeastern University · United States Military Academy

  53. TheraAgent: Self-Improving Therapeutic Agent for Precise and Comprehensive Treatment Planning

    May 7, 2026Junkai Li, Yunghwei Lai, Tianyi Zhu +3LLM Self-RefinementHealthcare

    1Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Tech., Institute for AI, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Institute for AI Industry Research (AIR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore

  54. LLM-ReSum: A Framework for LLM Reflective Summarization through Self-Evaluation

    Apr 28, 2026Huyen Nguyen, Haoxuan Zhang, Yang Zhang +2LLM EvaluationLLM Self-Refinement

    Cigna Group Evernorth Health Services Austin, Texas, USA · dept. of Information Science University of North Texas Denton, Texas, USA · dept. of Data Science University of North Texas Denton, Texas, USA

  55. Feedback Over Form: Why Execution Feedback Matters More Than Pipeline Topology in 1-3B Code Generation

    Apr 23, 2026Charles Junichi McAndrewsLLM Self-RefinementExecution-Guided Code Generation

  56. Evaluating Remote Sensing Image Captions Beyond Metric Biases

    Apr 22, 2026Ziyun Chen, Fan Liu, Liang Yao +3VLM EvaluationRemote Sensing Image Understanding

    Hohai University Nanjing, China · Cardiff University Cardiff, UK

  57. A Multi-Agent Framework with Structured Reasoning and Reflective Refinement for Multimodal Empathetic Response Generation

    Apr 21, 2026Liping Wang, Cheng Ye, Weidong Chen +3LLM Self-RefinementMultimodal Reasoning

    School of Information Science and Technology, USTC Hefei, China

  58. ProtoCycle: Reflective Tool-Augmented Planning for Text-Guided Protein Design

    Apr 18, 2026Yutang Ge, Guojiang Zhao, Sihang Li +7LLM Self-RefinementLLM Tool Use

    Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Mathematical Sciences · DP Technology · University of Science and Technology of China +1

  59. RefineRL: Advancing Competitive Programming with Self-Refinement Reinforcement Learning

    Apr 1, 2026Shaopeng Fu, Xingxing Zhang, Li Dong +1RL for Code GenerationLLM Self-Refinement

    Work done during an internship at Microsoft Research · KAUST · Microsoft Research

  60. SpecMind: Cognitively Inspired, Interactive Multi-Turn Framework for Postcondition Inference

    Feb 24, 2026Cuong Chi Le, Minh V. T Pham, Tung Vu Duy +4LLM Self-RefinementLLM Prompting

    The University of Texas at Dallas · FPT Software AI Center · VinUniversity +1