Medical Image Anomaly Detection

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8 papers in the last four weeks, against 1 the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. HiMatch-AD: DINOv3-driven Hierarchical Matching for Training-free Medical Anomaly Detection

    Jun 21, 2026Jiayu Huo, Jingyuan Hong, Meng Zhou +2Medical Image Anomaly Detection

    Imperial College London, London, UK · King’s College London, London, UK · SonoScape Medical Corp. +1

  2. NoduLoCC2026: Lung Nodule Localization and Classification Contest from Chest X-Ray Images

    Jun 19, 2026Adnan Mustafic, Halim Benhabiles, Adnane Cabani +19Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Universit´e de Haute-Alsace, IRIMAS, 68100 Mulhouse, France

  3. Toward Training-Free Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection in 3D Medical Images: A Batch-Based Approach Using 2D Foundation Models

    Jun 17, 2026Tai Le-GiaMedical Image Anomaly DetectionZero-Shot Anomaly Detection

    Department of Mathematics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

  4. When Confidence Lacks Concepts: Interpretable OOD Detection via Representation Perturbations

    Jun 15, 2026Anju Chhetri, Pratik Shrestha, Ramesh Rana +3Medical Image Anomaly DetectionNeural Network Interpretability

    NepAl Applied Mathematics and Informatics Institute for research, Nepal · Kathmandu University, Nepal · NHS Grampian, UK +3

  5. AUCp: Pseudo-AUC for Inference Model Selection with Unlabeled Validation Data in Abnormality Detection

    Jun 7, 2026Md Mahfuzur Rahman Siddiquee, Fazle Rafsani, Jay Shah +4Medical Image Anomaly DetectionReconstruction-Based Anomaly Detection

    School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281 · Mayo Clinic, Arizona

  6. DALE-CT: Depth-Aware Foundation Models for Computed Tomography

    Jun 5, 2026Evan W. Damron, Mahmut S. Gokmen, Mitchell A. Klusty +3Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsSelf-Supervised Pre-Training

    College of Medicine Office of Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA

  7. Impact of Synthetic Lesional MR Images in Automated Focal Cortical Dysplasia Detection in Low-Data Scenarios

    Jun 5, 2026Prabhjot Kaur, Hakim Ouaalam, Sedat Kandemirli +2Synthetic Data AugmentationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

  8. Mitosis Detection in the Wild: Multi-Tumor and Context-Aware Generalization in the MIDOG 2025 Challenge

    Jun 5, 2026Marc Aubreville, Jonas Ammeling, Sweta Banerjee +64Computational PathologyDomain Generalization

  9. EasyLens: A Training-Free Plug-and-Play Subtle-Lesion Representation Amplifier for Medical Vision-Language Models

    Jun 4, 2026Hao Wang, Qiwei Zeng, Jinghao Lin +6VLM AdaptationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia · Jilin University, Changchun, China · Northeastern University, Shenyang, China +1

  10. EntroAD: Structural Entropy-Guided Prompt Adaptation for Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection

    May 27, 2026Xinyu Zhao, Qingyun Sun, Jiayi Luo +1VLM AdaptationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Beihang University Beijing, China

  11. Catching magnetic resonance imaging outliers in artificial intelligence-supported radiotherapy workflows: unsupervised detection and localization of image anomalies using deep learning

    May 23, 2026Mustafa Kadhim, Viktor Rogowski, Emilia Persson +7Medical Image Anomaly DetectionAnomaly Localization

    Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. · Radiation Physics, Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. · Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden +4

  12. Regulating Anatomy-Aware Rewards via Trajectory-Integral Feedback for Volumetric Computed Tomography Analysis

    May 19, 2026Tianwei Lin, Zhongwei Qiu, Jie Cao +7Radiology Report GenerationRadiology VLMs

    Zhejiang University · DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group · Hupan Lab +1

  13. CA-GCL: Cross-Anatomy Global-Local Contrastive Learning for Robust 3D Medical Image Understanding

    May 13, 2026Hanwen Zhang, Yao Liu, Die Dai +4VLM RobustnessMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE

  14. Anomaly-Aware Vision-Language Adapters for Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection

    May 12, 2026Muhammad Aqeel, Maham Nazir, Uzair Khan +2VLM AdaptationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Dept. of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Italy · School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China · Dept. of Engineering for Innovation +1

  15. Hypergraph-Enhanced Training-Free and Language-Free Few-Shot Anomaly Detection

    May 11, 2026Guohuan Xie, Xin He, Dingying Fan +2Few-Shot Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Nankai University · Tianjin University of Technology · Tsinghua University

  16. Annotation-free deep learning for detection and segmentation of fetal germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage in brain MRI

    May 10, 2026Mingxuan Liu, Yingqi Hao, Yi Liao +17Medical Image Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Segmentation

    Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China · School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial Women’s and Children’s Hospital, The Affiliated Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China +3

  17. MTL-MAD: Multi-Task Learners are Effective Medical Anomaly Detectors

    May 7, 2026Bogdan Alexandru Bercean, Florinel Alin Croitoru, Vlad Hondru +3Medical Image Anomaly DetectionMulti-Task Learning

    1Rayscape · 3Polytechnic University of Timi¸soara · University of Bucharest +2

  18. Wasserstein-Aligned Localisation for VLM-Based Distributional OOD Detection in Medical Imaging

    May 6, 2026Bernhard Kainz, Johanna P Mueller, Matthew Baugh +1Medical Image Anomaly DetectionAnomaly Localization

    Dept. AIBE, Friedrich–Alexander University Erlangen–Nürnberg, DE · Department of Computing, Imperial College London, UK · Technical University Munich, DE +1

  19. Reconstruction Interval Z-Phase Dependence of AI Detection Sensitivity in CT Lung Nodule Screening

    May 1, 2026Dan SolimanMedical Image Anomaly DetectionComputed Tomography

    GammaMetric Medical Physics, Independent Medical Physics Consultancy

  20. Learning from Compressed CT: Feature Attention Style Transfer and Structured Factorized Projections for Resource-Efficient Medical Image Analysis

    May 1, 2026Shadid Yousuf, S. M. Mahbubur Rahman, Mohammed Imamul Hassan BhuiyanModel CompressionMedical Image Analysis

    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

  21. EXACT: an explainable anomaly-aware vision foundation model for analysis of 3D chest CT

    Apr 27, 2026Xuguang Bai, Mingxuan Liu, Tongxi Song +6Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsRadiology VLMs

    School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. · Department of Radiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China. · Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100084

  22. Anatomy-Aware Unsupervised Detection and Localization of Retinal Abnormalities in Optical Coherence Tomography

    Apr 24, 2026Tania Haghighi, Sina Gholami, Hamed Tabkhi +1Medical ImagingMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC, USA

  23. Towards Modality-Agnostic Medical Image Anomaly Detection: A Training-Free Manifold Refinement Approach

    Apr 21, 2026Pritam Kar, Gouri Lakshmi S, Saptarshi BejMedical Image Anomaly DetectionManifold Learning

    aSchool of Data Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India

  24. H2VLR: Heterogeneous Hypergraph Vision-Language Reasoning for Few-Shot Anomaly Detection

    Apr 16, 2026Jianghong Huang, Luping Ji, Weiwei Duan +1Few-Shot Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China

  25. CORA: Generalizable coronary artery disease assessment and risk stratification from coronary CT angiography using pathology-centric representation learning

    Mar 25, 2026Jinkui Hao, Gorkem Durak, Halil Ertugrul Aktas +4Synthetic Data PretrainingCoronary Angiography

    Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA · Department of Cardiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA +1

  26. Spatial Autoregressive Modeling of DINOv3 Embeddings for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Mar 3, 2026Ertunc Erdil, Nico Schulthess, Guney Tombak +1Medical Image Anomaly DetectionIndustrial Anomaly Detection

    Computer Vision Lab. ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

  27. Toxicity Assessment in Preclinical Histopathology via Class-Aware Mahalanobis Distance for Known and Novel Anomalies

    Feb 2, 2026Olga Graf, Dhrupal Patel, Peter Groß +3Histopathology Image SegmentationMahalanobis Distance

    Tübingen AI Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany · Toxicologic Pathologist, Gujarat, India · Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co., Biberach an der Riß, Germany +1

  28. MedAD-R1: Consistency-Reinforced Policy Optimization for Interpretable Medical Anomaly Detection

    Feb 1, 2026Haitao Zhang, Yingying Wang, Jiaxiang Wang +5HealthcareGroup Relative Policy Optimization

    School of Informatics, Xiamen University · Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University · Zhejiang Expressway Co., Ltd. +3

  29. Diverse Normal Prototypes-Guided Contrastive Reconstruction for Medical Anomaly Detection

    Aug 27, 2025Luhu Li, Bin Liu, Bowen Lin +3Prototype LearningMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China · Department of Interventional Medicine and Minimally Invasive Oncology, The Second Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China · Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,2026 Jinan 250033, China

  30. OCSVM-Guided Representation Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Jul 25, 2025Nicolas Pinon, Robin Trombetta, Carole LartizienMedical Image Anomaly DetectionUnsupervised Representation Learning

    MYRIAD