Medical Imaging

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Overview

Medical imaging research develops methods to extract useful information from X-rays, CT, MRI, ultrasound, PET, endoscopy, and other clinical images. Common approaches include segmentation and detection networks, self-supervised and foundation-model pretraining, multimodal vision-language systems, and physics-based methods for image reconstruction and registration. These tools aim to support tasks such as finding lesions, measuring anatomy, generating reports, and guiding procedures, often with limited labels or privacy constraints. A central challenge is ensuring that performance generalizes across hospitals, scanners, and patient groups while providing reliable evidence for clinical decisions.

Latest papers 240

22 papers in the last four weeks, down 21% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. Towards Interpretable Foundation Models for Retinal Fundus Images

    Mar 19, 2026Samuel Ofosu Mensah, Camila Roa, Kerol Djoumessi +1Medical ImagingMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Germany · Tübingen AI Center, University of Tübingen, Germany

  2. Interpretable Prostate Cancer Detection using a Small Cohort of MRI Images

    Mar 19, 2026Vahid Monfared, Mohammad Hadi Gharib, Ali Sabri +4Medical ImagingMedical Image Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Boston University Metropolitan College, Boston, MA, USA · MD, Clinical Fellow, Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada · Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Radiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran +6

  3. VISTA: Validation-Guided Integration of Spatial and Temporal Foundation Models with Anatomical Decoding for Rare-Pathology VCE Event Detection

    Mar 18, 2026Bo-Cheng Qiu, Yu-Fan Lin, Yu-Zhe Pien +4Medical ImagingTemporal Video Understanding

    National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan · National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan · NVIDIA, Taipei, Taiwan

  4. Anatomy-Guided Vision-Language Learning with Angular Prototype Separation for Multi-Label Video Capsule Endoscopy Classification Under Class Imbalance

    Mar 18, 2026Podakanti Satyajith Chary, Nagarajan GanapathyMedical ImagingTemporal Video Understanding

    Department of Engineering Science, IIT Hyderabad · Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad

  5. DeepCORO-CLIP: A Multi-View Foundation Model for Comprehensive Coronary Angiography Video-Text Analysis and External Validation

    Mar 18, 2026Sarra Harrabi, Yichen Wu, Geoffrey H. Tison +6Coronary AngiographyMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, QC, H1T 1C8 Canada · HeartWise.ai, 5000 Belanger Street, QC, H1T 1C8 Canada · McGill, Faculty of Engineering, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. +7

  6. Longitudinal Risk Prediction in Mammography with Privileged History Distillation

    Mar 16, 2026Banafsheh Karimian, Soufiane Belharbi, Alexis Guichemerre +3Breast CancerMedical Imaging

    LIVIA, Dept. of Systems Engineering, ETS Montreal, Canada · Goodman Cancer Institute, Dept. of Oncology, McGill University, Canada

  7. ViX-Ray: A Vietnamese Chest X-Ray Dataset for Vision-Language Models

    Mar 16, 2026Duy Vu Minh Nguyen, Chinh Thanh Truong, Phuc Hoang Tran +4Radiology VLMsVLM Evaluation

    Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City · Military Hospital 175 · Pythera AI +2

  8. Deep Learning Based Estimation of Blood Glucose Levels from Multidirectional Scleral Blood Vessel Imaging

    Mar 13, 2026Muhammad Ahmed Khan, Manqiang Peng, Ding Lin +1Medical ImagingClassification

    Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, South Furong Rd, Changsha, Hunan, China. · Aier Eye Hospital Group Co., Ltd, South Furong Rd, Changsha, Hunan, China. · Central South University AIER Eye Institute of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China. +2

  9. CT-VDETR: Semi-supervised 3D Trauma Detection in Computed Tomography (CT) scans using Dense Vertex Relative Position Encoding

    Mar 12, 2026Shivam Chaudhary, Sheethal Bhat, Andreas MaierMedical Image AnalysisMedical Imaging

    Pattern Recognition Lab, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg

  10. Deep Learning-based Assessment of the Relation Between the Third Molar and Mandibular Canal on Panoramic Radiographs using Local, Centralized, and Federated Learning

    Mar 12, 2026Johan Andreas Balle Rubak, Sara Haghighat, Sanyam Jain +9Medical Image ClassificationMedical Imaging

    Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark · Private Dental Practice Dr. Jörg Deike, Hannover, Germany · Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, King George's Medical University, India. Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India +6

  11. DINOv3 with Test-Time Calibration for Automated Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurement on CUBS v1

    Mar 11, 2026Zhenpeng Zhang, Jinwei Lu, Yurui Dong +1Medical ImagingUltrasound Image Segmentation

    School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China · Fudan University, Shanghai, China · Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

  12. VIVID-Med: LLM-Supervised Structured Pretraining for Deployable Medical ViTs

    Mar 10, 2026Xiyao Wang, Xiaoyu Tan, Yang Dai +3Medical Image Representation LearningVision-Language Pretraining

    Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China · National University of Singapore, Singapore · Case Western Reserve University, United States

  13. DECADE: A Temporally-Consistent Unsupervised Diffusion Model for Enhanced Rb-82 Dynamic Cardiac PET Image Denoising

    Mar 8, 2026Yinchi Zhou, Liang Guo, Huidong Xie +14Image DenoisingMedical Imaging

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA · Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA · Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA +2

  14. Prompt-Based Caption Generation for Single-Tooth Dental Images Using Vision-Language Models

    Mar 8, 2026Anastasiia Sukhanova, Aiden Taylor, Julian Myers +5Image CaptioningMedical VLMs

    Marshall University · West Virginia State University

  15. OpenRad: a Curated Repository of Open-access AI models for Radiology

    Mar 2, 2026Konstantinos Vrettos, Galini Papadaki, Emmanouil Brilakis +7Medical Imaging

    Artificial Intelligence and Translational Imaging (ATI) Lab, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece · Division of Radiology, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden

  16. OPGAgent: An Agent for Auditable Dental Panoramic X-ray Interpretation

    Feb 28, 2026Zhaolin Yu, Litao Yang, Ben Babicka +7Medical ImagingTool-Using Vision-Language Agents

    AIM for Health Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia · Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia · Curae Health, Melbourne, Australia +4

  17. MIP Candy: A Modular PyTorch Framework for Medical Image Processing

    Feb 24, 2026Tianhao Fu, Yucheng ChenMedical ImagingMedical Image Analysis

    University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada · Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada · Project Neura, Toronto, ON, Canada +2

  18. ZACH-ViT: Regime-Dependent Inductive Bias in Compact Vision Transformers for Medical Imaging

    Feb 20, 2026Athanasios AngelakisVision TransformerEfficient ViTs

    BioML Lab, RI CODE, UniBw, Munich, Germany · EDS, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

  19. NRGS-SLAM: Monocular Non-Rigid SLAM for Endoscopy via Deformation-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting

    Feb 19, 2026Jiwei Shan, Zeyu Cai, Yirui Li +5Visual SLAM3DGS SLAM

    Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering and T Stone Robotics Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. · School of Automation and Intelligent Sensing, the State Key Laboratory of Avionics Integration and Aviation System of-Systems Synthesis, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location Based Services, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

  20. Optical Inversion and Spectral Unmixing of Spectroscopic Photoacoustic Images with Physics-Informed Neural Networks

    Feb 18, 2026Sarkis Ter Martirosyan, Xinyue Huang, David Qin +2Medical ImagingImage Inverse Problems

    School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States · Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany · Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, 80333 München, Germany +1

  21. Foundation Models for Medical Imaging: Status, Challenges, and Directions

    Feb 17, 2026Chuang Niu, Pengwei Wu, Bruno De Man +1Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Imaging

    Biomedical Imaging Center, Center for Computational Innovations, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA · GE HealthCare Technology & Innovation Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA

  22. Reliable Mislabel Detection for Video Capsule Endoscopy Data

    Feb 6, 2026Julia Werner, Julius Oexle, Oliver Bause +5EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    Embedded Systems University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany · Department of Medicine I University Hospital Dresden TU Dresden, Germany

  23. Score-based diffusion models for severely ill-posed problems in diffuse optical tomography

    Feb 3, 2026Fabian Schneider, Meghdoot Mozumder, Konstantin Tamarov +4Medical ImagingBayesian Inverse Problems

    Department of Computational Engineering, School of Engineering Science LUT University, Finland. · Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing, TU Wien, Austria. · Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Finland. +1

  24. RadJEPA: Radiology Encoder for Chest X-Rays via Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture

    Jan 22, 2026Anas Anwarul Haq Khan, Mariam Husain, Pratik Jalan +1Radiology Report GenerationMedical Imaging

    Department of Computer Science (CSE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA +1

  25. EndoUFM: Utilizing Foundation Models for Monocular depth estimation of endoscopic images

    Aug 25, 2025Xinning Yao, Bo Liu, Bojian Li +3Medical ImagingMonocular Depth Estimation

    Image Processing Center, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. · State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Reusable Aerospace Transportation Technology, Beijing 102206, China.

  26. EndoCogniAgent: Closed-Loop Agentic Reasoning with Self-Consistency Validation for Endoscopic Diagnosis

    Aug 10, 2025Yi Tang, Kai-Ni Wang, Liang-Peng Pu +3EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China · Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China · State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China +2

  27. MSA-UNet3+: Multi-Scale Attention UNet3+ with New Supervised Prototypical Contrastive Loss for Coronary DSA Image Segmentation

    Apr 7, 2025Rayan Merghani Ahmed, Adnan Iltaf, Mohamed Elmanna +5Contrastive LearningMedical Imaging

    Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 101408, China · Department of Biomedical Engineering and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt +2

  28. Interpretable Retinal Disease Prediction Using Biology-Informed Heterogeneous Graph Representations

    Feb 23, 2025Laurin Lux, Alexander H. Berger, Maria Romeo Tricas +8Medical ImagingDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany · School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany · School of Computation, Information and Technology, TUM, Munich, Germany

  29. 3D Vessel Reconstruction from Sparse-View Dynamic DSA Images via Vessel Probability Guided Attenuation Learning

    May 17, 2024Zhentao Liu, Huangxuan Zhao, Wenhui Qin +7Medical ImagingNeural Rendering

    School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China · National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China · School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China +1

  30. Precise localization within the GI tract by combining classification of CNNs and time-series analysis of HMMs

    Oct 11, 2023Julia Werner, Christoph Gerum, Moritz Reiber +2EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Germany. · Department of Mathematics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.