Runtime Assurance

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5 papers in the last four weeks, level with the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

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Energy Shields for Fairness
May 24, 2026Filip Cano, Thomas A. Henzinger, Konstantin KueffnerAlgorithmic Fairness Runtime Assurance
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
Silent Failures in Physical AI: A Literature Review of Runtime Action Authorization for Autonomous Systems
May 23, 2026Barak OrRobot Safety AI Safety Evaluation
STATE16
DART: Semantic Recoverability for Structured Tool Agents
May 22, 2026Ke Yang, Panpan Li, Zonghan Wu +3Agent Reliability Runtime Assurance
1MOS Intelligent Connectivity Technology Co. Ltd. · 2Sichuan Vocational College of Post and Telecom · 3East China Normal University +2
A Subjective Logic-based method for runtime confidence updates in safety arguments
May 21, 2026Benjamin Herd, Jessica Kelly, Clarissa Heinemann +1AI Assurance Runtime Assurance
Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems (IKS) Munich, Germany
Steins;Gate Drive: Semantic Safety Arbitration over Structured Futures for Latency-Decoupled LLM Planning
May 21, 2026Anjie Qiu, Hans D. SchottenLLM Planning Autonomous Driving Planning
Institute for Wireless Communication and Navigation, RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany · Intelligent Networks Research Group (IN), German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Kaiserslautern, Germany
Mechanistic Interpretability for Learning Assurance of a Vision-Based Landing System
May 20, 2026Romeo Valentin, Olivia Beyer Bruvik, Marc R. Schlichting +1Representation Disentanglement Mechanistic Interpretability
Stanford Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Robotics-Inspired Guardrails for Foundation Models in Socially Sensitive Domains
May 19, 2026Rebecca Ramnauth, Drazen Brscic, Brian ScassellatiLLM Guardrails Human-AI Interaction
Yale University, USA · Kyoto University, Japan
Ethical Hyper-Velocity (EHV): A Hardware-Rooted Zero-Trust Runtime Enforcement Architecture for Agentic AI Systems
May 18, 2026Riddhi Mohan SharmaAI Agent Safety Runtime Enforcement for AI Agents
IAM Architect & Non-Human Identity Governance Enterprise Identity, M&A Integration, Regulated Environments
Policy Library CBF: Finite-Horizon Safety at Runtime via Parallel Rollouts
May 15, 2026Taekyung Kim, Hideki Okamoto, Bardh Hoxha +2Safety-Critical Control Control Barrier Functions
Department of Robotics, 3Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA · Toyota Motor North America, Research & Development, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
Learning When to Act: Communication-Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Run-Time Assurance
May 11, 2026Adam Haroon, Erick J. Rodríguez-Seda, Cody Fleming +1RL Control Lyapunov-Based Control
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA · Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence (NCARAI), U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA · Department of Weapons, Robotics, and Control Engineering, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD, USA
An Uncertainty-Aware Resilience Micro-Agent for Causal Observability in the Computing Continuum
May 11, 2026Suvi De Silva, Alfreds Lapkovskis, Alaa Saleh +2Agent Reliability Edge Computing
Department of Computer Systems and Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 164 25, Sweden · Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
GuardAD: Safeguarding Autonomous Driving MLLMs via Markovian Safety Logic
May 11, 2026Tianyuan Zhang, Peng Yue, Zihao Peng +8Autonomous Driving LLM Safety
Beihang University · Zhongguancun Laboratory · Peking University
Securing Computer-Use Agents: A Unified Architecture-Lifecycle Framework for Deployment-Grounded Reliability
May 8, 2026Zejian Chen, Zhanyuan Liu, Chaozhuo Li +6Agent Reliability Computer-Use Agents
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China · China Unicom, Beijing, China · China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Artificial Intelligence Institute, Beijing, China
Synergistic Simplex: Cooperative Runtime Assurance for Safety-Critical Autonomous Systems
May 5, 2026Ayoosh Bansal, Mikael Yeghiazaryan, Artyom Khachatryan +4Safety-Critical Control Autonomous Driving
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, IL, USA · Center for Scientific Innovation and Education (CSIE), Yerevan, Armenia · California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, CA, USA +1
Executor-Side Progressive Risk-Gated Actuation for Agentic AI in Wireless Supervisory Control
May 4, 2026Zhenyu Liu, Yi Ma, Rahim TafazolliSafety-Critical Control AI Agent Safety
6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom, GU2 7XH
TAIL-Safe: Task-Agnostic Safety Monitoring for Imitation Learning Policies
May 2, 2026Riad Ahmed, Momotaz BegumImitation Learning Robot Imitation Learning
University of New Hampshire
Governing What You Cannot Observe: Adaptive Runtime Governance for Autonomous AI Agents
Apr 27, 2026German Marin, Jatin ChaudharyAI Agent Safety AI Agent Monitoring
Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Reconstructive Authority Model: Runtime Execution Validity Under Partial Observability
Apr 24, 2026Marcelo Fernandez - TraslaIAFormal Verification Runtime Assurance
Independent Research
The Alignment Flywheel: A Governance-Centric Hybrid MAS for Architecture-Agnostic Safety
Feb 28, 2026Elias Malomgré, Pieter SimoensAI Agent Safety AI Agent Monitoring
IDLab, Ghent University - imec, Belgium
Reversible Simplex Supervision with Post-Action Debt Accounting for Goal-Reaching RL
Jan 27, 2026Mehdi Heydari Shahna, Joongheon Kim, Jouni MattilaRL for Robotics Robot Safety
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

May 24, 2026, cs.AIJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Energy Shields for Fairness

Filip Cano, Thomas A. Henzinger, Konstantin Kueffner

Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria

Algorithmic Fairness Runtime Assurance

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Runtime fairness is not a one-time constraint but a dynamic property evaluated over a sequence of decisions. To ensure fairness at runtime, it is necessary to account for past decisions, information neglected by conventional, static classifiers. Traditional fairness shields enforce runtime fairness abruptly, by intervening \emph{deterministically} whenever a sequence of decisions violates the target for a running fairness measure. This motivates our \emph{main conceptual contribution: \textbf{energy shields}.} An energy shield is a novel, lightweight, adaptive controller that monitors a sequence of decisions and intervenes \emph{probabilistically} to ensure runtime fairness smoothly, by utilizing physics-inspired energy functions to nudge the sequence toward fairness: the more unfair the decisions, the stronger the nudging force becomes. This makes energy shields the \emph{\textbf{first}} fairness shields to provide both \emph{short-term safety and long-term liveness guarantees}. Safety ensures that the running fairness measure stays within a running target interval with high probability, and liveness ensures that the limit of the fairness measure lies within the limit target interval. Intuitively, the short-term specifies the tolerated fairness values and the long-term specifies the desired fairness values. We also provide a synthesis procedure for constructing the least intrusive energy shield for a given target specification, and demonstrate its efficiency experimentally. We evaluate our energy shields against existing fairness shields through the lens of short- and long-term fairness.

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