Unsupervised Clustering

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Overview

Unsupervised clustering studies how to divide unlabeled data into meaningful groups, supporting tasks such as scientific discovery, data exploration, and anomaly analysis. Methods range from k-means and hierarchical clustering to density-based and spectral approaches, with newer work learning representations, feature weights, or shared structure across views and time. Key challenges include choosing the number of clusters, handling noise, missing data, and unequal cluster shapes, and making results stable, interpretable, and scalable. Deep methods and language-model-assisted approaches can help in some settings, but benchmarks show that conventional algorithms often remain competitive, so method choice and reliable evaluation depend strongly on the data and task.

Latest papers

CardsList

117 papers7 papers in the last four weeks, down 36% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. NEST: Nested Embedding Representation for Multiscale Clustering

    Oct 21, 2026Zhanqi Zhang, Mikio Aoi, Gal MishneClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Computer Science and Engineering, UC San Diego · Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, UC San Diego · Neurobiology, UC San Diego +1

  2. VampPrior Unleashed

    Oct 19, 2026Andrew A. Stirn, Abhejit Rajagopal, David A. Knowles +1Variational InferenceUnsupervised Clustering

    Allen Institute · New York Genome Center & Columbia University

  3. Unsupervised Clustering of Public Transport Vehicles Using Deep Morphological Features and Color Histograms

    Oct 15, 2026Juan Irving VasquezClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico

  4. Model-free Bayesian Clustering and Multimodal Posterior Summarisation

    Oct 9, 2026Qing Li, Sara WadeClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    School of Mathematics University of Edinburgh

  5. Benchmarking Embedding Geometries and Clustering Algorithms for Unsupervised Patent Claim Classification

    Oct 9, 2026Sujith Subramanian, P N Bhargav Teja, Susen Sarkar +1Information RetrievalHyperbolic Representation Learning

    Samsung R&D Institute Bangalore, India

  6. Leaner Transformers Can Easily Learn to Cluster

    Oct 7, 2026Charlotte Park, Kenneth L. Clarkson, Lior Horesh +2TransformerClustering

    MIT · IBM Research

  7. Simulating Synchrony Loop Networks in the Open Source RISP Neuroprocessor

    Sep 29, 2026Jackson Mowry, Patrick AbbsUnsupervised ClusteringSpiking Neural Networks

    EECS Department University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN USA · Cambrya, Inc. Austin, TX USA

  8. CAESAR: Clustering via Autonomous Embedding-Space Agglomerative Reorganization

    Sep 26, 2026Ilan Bacry, Rémi Devaux, Antoine JardinCluster Number EstimationClustering

    Arlequin AI

  9. Selective Inference for Deep Clustering in Latent Spaces

    Sep 23, 2026Eina Mizui, Tomohiro Shiraishi, Shunichi Nishino +1Selective InferenceClustering

    Nagoya University · RIKEN

  10. Automatic depth-based local center clustering via ββ-integrated local depth and adaptive grouping

    Sep 22, 2026Siyi Wang, Alexandre Leblanc, Paul D. McNicholasClusteringHierarchical Clustering

  11. Multi-View Fair Clustering Guided by Cross-View Sensitive Information Discrepancy

    Sep 22, 2026Mudi Jiang, Jiahui Zhou, Xinying Liu +2Multi-View LearningUnsupervised Clustering

    School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China

  12. G-NAC: Graph Neural Automata Clustering via Emergent Domain Formation

    Sep 21, 2026Keith Miller, Tristan CrawfordGraph Neural NetworksUnsupervised Clustering

  13. RAILS: Retrieval-Augmented Incremental LLM Clustering at Scale

    Sep 21, 2026Armin Oliya, Aleksandra Sawczuk, Radosław BiałobrzeskiClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Zendesk

  14. Bracketing Uncertainty in Clustering Under the Manifold Hypothesis

    Sep 15, 2026Savik Kinger, Luciano Dyballa, Steven W. ZuckerCluster Number EstimationClustering

    Department of Computer Science Yale University · School of Science & Technology IE University · Depts. of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Wu Tsai Institute Yale University

  15. InfoTaxa: Information-Calibrated Label-Free Clustering for Fine-Grained Visual Taxonomy

    Sep 15, 2026David Ahmedt-Aristizabal, Mohammad Ali Armin, Lars PeterssonVisual Representation LearningClustering

    Imaging and Computer Vision Group, CSIRO, Australia

  16. Copula Adapted Directed Acyclic Graph for Cluster Representation of Biomedical Data

    Sep 14, 2026Heranga K. Rathnasekara, Norou Diawara, Manar D. SamadCopula ModelsUnsupervised Clustering

    Department of Mathematics and Statistics Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA · Department of Computer Science North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro, NC 27411, USA

  17. From Repetition to Recognition: Inductive Discovery of Disinformation Narratives

    Sep 10, 2026Max Upravitelev, Veronika Solopova, Jing Yang +4Unsupervised Clustering

    Technische Universität Berlin · German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) · BIFOLD – Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data +2

  18. CLUES-WEASEL: No additional clues required to choose your time series clustering algorithm

    Sep 7, 2026Johann FaouziClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Univ Rennes, Ensai, CNRS, CREST - UMR 9194, F-35000 Rennes, France.

  19. Poisson Subspace Clustering: Focusing on the Essentials in Count Data

    Aug 24, 2026Collin Leiber, Kai Puolamäki, Heikki MannilaClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. · University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

  20. A Data-Driven Approach to State Construction in Markov Models

    Aug 21, 2026Linde Van Gestel, Marie-Anne Guerry, Evy RombautMarkov ModelsState Abstraction

    Department of Business Technology and Operations, Data Analytics Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium · Mobility and Automotive Technology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium

  21. Cluster Assignments in Soft Targets Shape Speech Representations: Evidence from S-JEPA

    Aug 19, 2026Wenxuan He, Yunpeng Li, Zewei Li +4Soft-Label LearningUnsupervised Clustering

    Department of Intelligent Science, School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China

  22. A Tree-Structured Approach for Phishing Template and Attacker Attribution Analysis

    Aug 17, 2026Unai Agirre, Imanol Jerico, Felipe Castaño +2Unsupervised Clustering

    Digital Security Department, Vicomtech (BRTA), Donostia / San Sebastian, Spain · University of Le´on, Le´on, Spain

  23. Uncertainty-Aware Probabilistic Constrained Clustering from Entangled Pairwise Supervision

    Aug 12, 2026Shaojie Zhang, Ke ChenClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Department of Computer Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.

  24. Multi-kernel spectral clustering: Entrywise eigenvector perturbation bounds and exact recovery

    Aug 9, 2026Zeqin Lin, Guangming Pan, Zhixiang Zhang +1ClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    1Nanyang Technological University · University of Macau · 3Dalian University of Technology

  25. GRACE: LLM-Grounded Semantic Metric Spaces for Scalable Mixed-Data Clustering

    Aug 8, 2026Zihua Yang, Zhencheng Xie, Junyang Chen +4ClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Guangdong University of Technology · Tsinghua University · Peking University +2

  26. Convergent Evolution in Neural Representation Space: Emergent Order in Deep Belief Networks

    Aug 6, 2026Patrick Krauss, Achim Schilling, Andreas Maier +2Representation GeometryHierarchical Representation Learning

    Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany · Neuromodulation and Neuroprosthetics, University Hospital Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Germany · Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany +1

  27. Beyond Feature Importance: A Comparative Analysis of Pattern Detection Methods in Cluster Interpretation

    Aug 6, 2026Benjamin Connor, Anna Jurek-Loughrey, Lu Bai +1ClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    School of EEECS Queen’s University Belfast 18 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5AF

  28. Ensemble of Unsupervised Deep Learning for Clustering Imbalanced Tabular Data

    Jul 31, 2026Pulock Das, Yina Hou, Md. Kamrozzaman Bhuiyan +1Class-Imbalanced LearningClustering

    Department of Computer Science Tennessee State University Nashville, TN, USA · Enosis Solutions Dhaka, Bangladesh · Department of Computer Science North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro, NC, USA

  29. When Does Deep Representation Learning Help Single-Cell Clustering? A Sensitivity-Aware Diagnostic Benchmark for Biomedical AI Pipelines

    Jul 28, 2026Nguyen Thanh Phong, Truong Viet Vu, Nguyen Ha Thu +4Representation LearningClustering

    Faculty of Information Technology, Van Lang School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Faculty of Law, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

  30. Lloyd's KK-Means Clustering Algorithm Is Frank-Wolfe in Disguise

    Jul 28, 2026Michael Pokojovy, J. Marcus Jobe, Simon Lacoste-JulienClusteringUnsupervised Clustering

    Department of Mathematics & Statistics and School of Data Science Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA 23529, USA · Information Systems & Analytics Department Miami University Oxford, OH 45056, USA · Canada CIFAR AI Chair Department of Computer Science and Operations Research & Mila Université de Montréal Montréal (QC) Canada