May 12, 2026 · cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save
Ngoc Tan Le, Tzoulio Chamiti, Eirini Papagiannopoulou, Nikos Deligiannis
ETRO Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium · imec, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
Automated analysis of building facades from street-level imagery has great potential for urban analytics, energy assessment, and emergency planning. However, it requires reasoning over spatially arranged elements rather than solely isolated detections. In this work, we model each facade as a graph over window/door detections with a vertical prior on edges. Additionally, we introduce GATA2Floor, a multi-head Graph Attention v2 (GATv2) based model that predicts the global floor count of a building and, via learnable cross-attention queries, softly assigns elements to latent floor slots, yielding interpretable outputs and robustness to irregular designs. To mitigate the lack of labeled datasets, we demonstrate that the proposed graph-based reasoning can be applied without annotations by leveraging a lightweight label-free proposal mechanism based on self-supervised features and vision-language scoring. Our approach demonstrates the value of graph-attention-based relational reasoning for facade understanding.