Autoformalization

Autoformalization translates informal mathematical statements, proofs, and software or scientific requirements into forms that proof assistants and solvers can check. Systems commonly combine language models with library retrieval, dependency-aware decomposition, and iterative feedback from Lean or Isabelle checkers, provers, model checkers, and tests. Benchmarks span competition and textbook mathematics, first-order logic, and executable software specifications, while agentic workflows increasingly tackle larger theories and research developments. The central challenge is semantic faithfulness: a formal artifact can compile or verify while misstating its source, so evaluation increasingly combines execution with equivalence checks, adversarial tests, and human review.