Neural Network

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Neural Network

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Neural Architectures

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Activation Functions

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Two-Layer Neural Networks

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Rectified Linear Unit Networks

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Neural Tangent Kernel

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Rectified Linear Unit

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1,083 papers

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NeuroTrain: Surveying Local Learning Rules for Spiking Neural Networks with an Open Benchmarking Framework
May 14, 2026Alessio Caviglia, Filippo Marostica, Roberta Bardini +2Spiking Neural Networks Neural Network
Learning with Shallow Neural Networks on Cluster-Structured Features
May 14, 2026Elisabetta Cornacchia, Laurent MassouliéLow-Dimensional Structure Two-Layer Neural Networks
Fast Adversarial Attacks with Gradient Prediction
May 14, 2026Kamil Ciosek, Aleksandr V. Petrov, Nicolò Felicioni +1Adversarial Examples Generative Adversarial Network
Exploitation of Hidden Context in Dynamic Movement Forecasting: A Neural Network Journey from Recurrent to Graph Neural Networks and General Purpose Transformers
May 14, 2026Lukas Schelenz, Shobha Rajanna, Denis Gosalci +6Trajectory Prediction Temporal Convolutional Networks
Advancing Direct Training for Spiking Neural Networks with Circulate-Firing Neurons and Learnable Gradients
May 14, 2026Feifan Zhou, Xiang Wei, Yang Liu +1Spiking Neural Networks Time-Step-Wise Learnable Surrogate Gradient Function
Spectral structural distortion reveals redundant neurons in neural networks
May 14, 2026Yongyu WangNeural Network
Scalable Solution of the Stochastic Multi-path Traveling Salesman Problem via Neural Networks
May 14, 2026Xiaochen Chou, Ludovica Di Marco, Enza MessinaSalesman Problem Shortest Paths
All-atomistic Transferable Neural Potentials for Protein Solvation
May 14, 2026Rishabh Dey, Salvina Sharipova, Konstantin PopovPrevious Machine-Learning-Based Implicit Solvent Neural Solvers
Scaling Laws from Sequential Feature Recovery: A Solvable Hierarchical Model
May 14, 2026Arie Wortsman-Zurich, Hugo Tabanelli, Yatin Dandi +2Feature Learning Scaling Laws
Enjoy Your Layer Normalization with the Computational Efficiency of RMSNorm
May 14, 2026Yuxin Guo, Yihao Yue, Yunhao Ni +4Batch Normalization Graph Neural Network Inference
ArcGate: Adaptive Arctangent Gated Activation
May 14, 2026Avik Bhattacharya, Siddhant Dnyanesh Gole, Subhasis Chaudhuri +2Activation Functions Deep Network
A Novel Schur-Decomposition-Based Weight Projection Method for Stable State-Space Neural-Network Architectures
May 14, 2026Sergio Vanegas, Lasse Lensu, Fredy RuizDiscrete-Time Linear Systems System Identification
Deciphering Neural Reparameterized Full-Waveform Inversion with Neural Sensitivity Kernel and Wave Tangent Kernel
May 14, 2026Ruihua Chen, Yisi Luo, Bangyu Wu +2Neural Tangent Kernel Wave
Precise Verification of Transformers through ReLU-Catalyzed Abstraction Refinement
May 14, 2026Hengjie Liu, Zhenya Zhang, Jianjun ZhaoNeural Network Verification Transformer Architectures
Polar probe linearly decodes semantic structures from LLMs
May 13, 2026Pablo J. Diego-Simón, Pierre Orhan, Emmanuel Chemla +2Semantic Representations Polarization
Winning Lottery Tickets in Neural Networks via a Quantum-Inspired Classical Algorithm
May 13, 2026Natsuto Isogai, Hayata Yamasaki, Sho Sonoda +1Quantum Machine Learning Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
Force-Aware Neural Tangent Kernels for Scalable and Robust Active Learning of MLIPs
May 13, 2026Eszter Varga-Umbrich, Zachary Weller-Davies, Paul Duckworth +3Interatomic Potentials Active Learning
The WidthWall: A Strict Expressivity Hierarchy for Hypergraph Neural Networks
May 13, 2026Fengqing Jiang, Yuetai Li, Yichen Feng +6Hypergraphs Neural Network
Dual-axis attribution of zebrafish tectal microcircuits for energy-efficient and robust neurocomputing
May 13, 2026Ningping Li, Hao Zhang, Yi ZhouNeuromorphic Hardware Bio-Inspired Framework
Rethinking Generalization in Graph Neural Networks: A Structural Complexity Perspective
May 13, 2026Peiyao Wang, Liang Bai, Xian Yang +2Graph Neural Networks Model Complexity
Uncertainty-Aware Prediction of Lung Tumor Growth from Sparse Longitudinal CT Data via Bayesian Physics-Informed Neural Networks
May 13, 2026Lingfei Kong, Haoran MaPrognostics Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Embodied Neurocomputation: A Framework for Interfacing Biological Neural Cultures with Scaled Task-Driven Validation
May 13, 2026Johnson Zhou, Daniel Tanneberg, Forough Habibollahi +12Neuromorphic Hardware Neural Network
Unified generalization analysis for physics informed neural networks
May 13, 2026Yuka Hashimoto, Tomoharu IwataConventional Physics-Informed Neural Networks Generalization Bounds
Genetic algorithm vs. gradient descent for training a neural network architecture dedicated to low data regimes in small medical datasets
May 13, 2026Amine Boukhari, Boglarka Ecsedi, Laszlo Papp +1Neural Architectures Gradient Descent
Backdoor Channels Hidden in Latent Space: Cryptographic Undetectability in Modern Neural Networks
May 13, 2026Marte Eggen, Eirik Reiestad, Kristian Gjøsteen +1Backdoor Attacks Neural Network
GraphIP-Bench: How Hard Is It to Steal a Graph Neural Network, and Can We Stop It?
May 12, 2026Kaixiang Zhao, Bolin Shen, Yuyang Dai +2Graph Neural Networks Graph Representations
SoK: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Current Status of Neural Tangent Generalization Attacks with Research Directions
May 12, 2026Thushari Hapuarachchi, Kaiqi XiongModern Deep Networks
Identifying the nonlinear string dynamics with port-Hamiltonian neural networks
May 12, 2026Maximino Linares, Guillaume Doras, Thomas HélieHamiltonian Physics Conventional Physics-Informed Neural Networks
State-Space NTK Collapse Near Bifurcations
May 12, 2026James Hazelden, Eric Shea-BrownNeural Tangent Kernel Bifurcation
Detecting overfitting in Neural Networks during long-horizon grokking using Random Matrix Theory
May 12, 2026Hari K. Prakash, Charles H MartinOverfitting Neural Network
Zero-shot Quantum Neural Architecture Search
May 12, 2026Tung Dao, Son N. Tran, Huynh Thi Thanh BinhVariational Quantum Circuits Quantum Neural Networks
CAWI: Copula-Aligned Weight Initialization for Randomized Neural Networks
May 12, 2026Mushir Akhtar, M. Tanveer, Mohd. ArshadModel Weights Gaussian Copula
Lower bounds for one-layer transformers that compute parity
May 12, 2026Daniel HsuTransformer Layers Rectified Linear Unit Networks
Random-Set Graph Neural Networks
May 12, 2026Tommy Woodley, Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal, Matteo Tolloso +2Graph Neural Networks Epistemic Uncertainty
Understanding Sample Efficiency in Predictive Coding
May 12, 2026Gaspard Oliviers, Elene Lominadze, Rafal BogaczPredictive Coding Human Visual Cortex
Crash Assessment via Mesh-Based Graph Neural Networks and Physics-Aware Attention
May 12, 2026Gabriel Curtosi, Carlos Manuel Ruiz Ruiz, Fabiola Cavaliere +1Crashes Accidents
OUI as a Structural Observable: Towards an Activation-Centric View of Neural Network Training
May 12, 2026Alberto Fernández-Hernández, Jose I. Mestre, Cristian Pérez-Corral +3Deep Network Neural Network
A Composite Activation Function for Learning Stable Binary Representations
May 12, 2026Seokhun Park, Choeun Kim, Kwanho Lee +3Activation Functions Neural Network
On the global convergence of gradient descent for wide shallow models with bounded nonlinearities
May 11, 2026Romain Petit, Clarice Poon, Gabriel PeyréTwo-Layer Neural Networks Gradient Descent
A Random-Matrix Criterion for Initializing Gated Recurrent Neural Networks
May 11, 2026Tommaso Fioratti, Riccardo Marcaccioli, Francesco CasolaGated Recurrent Unit Infinite-Width Gaussian Limit
Hierarchical End-to-End Taylor Bounds for Complete Neural Network Verification
May 11, 2026Taha Entesari, Mahyar FazlyabNeural Network Verification Reachability
Formally Verifying Analog Neural Networks Under Process Variations Using Polynomial Zonotopes
May 11, 2026Yasmine Abu-Haeyeh, Tobias Ladner, Matthias Althoff +1Neural Network Verification Analog
Causal Explanations from the Geometric Properties of ReLU Neural Networks
May 11, 2026Hector Woods, Philippa Ryan, Rob AlexanderRectified Linear Unit Networks Causal Reasoning
Sharp feature-learning transitions and Bayes-optimal neural scaling laws in extensive-width networks
May 11, 2026Minh-Toan Nguyen, Jean BarbierFeature Learning Two-Layer Neural Networks
The Polynomial Counting Capabilities of Message Passing Neural Networks
May 11, 2026Marco Sälzer, Pascal Bergsträßer, Anthony W. LinMessage Passing Neural Networks Modal Logic
Hyperparameter Transfer for Dense Associative Memories
May 11, 2026Roi Holtzman, Dmitry Krotov, Boris HaninDense Associative Memory Hyperparameter Optimization
Per-Loss Adapters for Gradient Conflict in Physics-Informed Neural Networks
May 11, 2026Bum Jun Kim, Gnankan Landry Regis N'guessanConventional Physics-Informed Neural Networks Balanced Learning
Explainability of Recurrent Neural Networks for Enhancing P300-based Brain-Computer Interfaces
May 11, 2026Christian Oliva, Vinicio Changoluisa, Francisco B Rodríguez +1Brain-Computer Interface Explainability
Optimizer-Induced Mode Connectivity: From AdamW to Muon
May 11, 2026Fangzhao Zhang, Sungyoon Kim, Erica Zhang +2Rectified Linear Unit Networks Regularization Techniques
Chebyshev Center-Based Direction Selection for Multi-Objective Optimization and Training PINNs
May 11, 2026Hoyeol Yoon, Seoungbin Bae, Nam Ho-Nguyen +1Conventional Physics-Informed Neural Networks Partial Differential Equation Benchmarks
Evidence-based Decision Modeling for Synthetic Face Detection with Uncertainty-driven Active Learning
May 11, 2026Qingchao Jiang, Zhenxuan Hou, Zhiying Zhu +3Synthetic Image Detection Detection Performance
Efficient Neural Architectures for Real-Time ECG Interpretation on Limited Hardware
May 11, 2026Ashery Mbilinyi, Callum O'Riley, Julia Handra +8Electrocardiogram Classification Pediatric-Adult Electrocardiogram Alignment
The Association of Transformer-based Sentiment Analysis with Symptom Distress and Deterioration in Routine Psychotherapy Care
May 11, 2026Douglas K. Faust, Peter Awad, Alexandre Vaz +1Sentiment Analysis Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
LEVI: Stronger Search Architectures Can Substitute for Larger LLMs in Evolutionary Search
May 10, 2026Temoor TanveerEvolutionary Search Alphaevolve
ChaosNetBench: Benchmarking Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Networks on Chaotic Lattice Dynamics
May 10, 2026Henok Tenaw Moges, Charalampos Skokos, Deshendran MoodleyTemporal Graph Neural Networks Chaos
S2P-Net: A Spectral-Spatial Polar Network for Rotation-Invariant Object Recognition in Low-Data Regimes
May 10, 2026Albert HeruthRotation-Invariant Descriptors Neural Architectures
End-to-End Keyword Spotting on FPGA Using Graph Neural Networks with a Neuromorphic Auditory Sensor
May 10, 2026Wiktor Matykiewicz, Piotr Wzorek, Kamil Jeziorek +4Neuromorphic Hardware Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
AnyDepth-DETR/-YOLO: Any-depth object detection with a single network
May 10, 2026Woochul Kang, Hyungseop Lee, Jiho LeeDepth Estimation Deep Network
SMIXAE: Towards Unsupervised Manifold Discovery in Language Models
May 9, 2026Collin FrancelSparse Autoencoder Features Neural Architectures
SURGE: Surrogate Gradient Adaptation in Binary Neural Networks
May 9, 2026Haoyu Huang, Boyu Liu, Linlin Yang +6Time-Step-Wise Learnable Surrogate Gradient Function Boundary-Aware

May 14, 2026 · cs.NEJ/K move · Enter open · S save

NeuroTrain: Surveying Local Learning Rules for Spiking Neural Networks with an Open Benchmarking Framework

Alessio Caviglia, Filippo Marostica, Roberta Bardini, Alessandro Savino+1

Politecnico di Torino, Control and Computer Engineering Department, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, I-10129, , Italy

The rapid expansion of spiking neural networks (SNNs) has led to a proliferation of training algorithms that differ widely in biological inspiration, computational structure, and hardware suitability. Despite this progress, the field lacks a unified, fine-grained taxonomy that systematically organizes these approaches and clarifies their conceptual relationships. This survey provides a comprehensive taxonomy of SNN training algorithms, spanning surrogate-gradient backpropagation, local and three-factor learning rules, biologically inspired plasticity mechanisms, ANN-to-SNN conversion pipelines, and non-standard optimization strategies. We analyze each class in terms of its computational principles, learning signals, and locality properties. To support reproducible research, we release NeuroTrain, an open-source snnTorch-based framework that implements a representative set of these algorithms within a unified, modular, and extendable framework, enabling consistent benchmarking across datasets, architectures, and training regimes. By consolidating fragmented literature and providing a reusable benchmarking framework, this survey identifies common patterns, highlights open challenges, and outlines promising directions for future work on scalable, efficient SNN training.

Spiking Neural Networks Neural Network Singular Learning Theory Plasticity

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