Digital Twins

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Overview

Digital twins are computational counterparts of physical assets, people, or broader systems, updated with observations to represent their changing state and test possible actions. Approaches range from physics-based simulation and data assimilation to machine-learning surrogates, hybrid models, generative agents, and reinforcement learning for control. Applications span manufacturing, infrastructure, transportation, healthcare, energy, and social systems, where twins can support forecasting, maintenance, safety testing, and personalized decisions. A central challenge is ensuring that a twin remains calibrated and trustworthy as conditions change, while balancing fidelity, uncertainty, computation, privacy, and validation against real-world outcomes.

Latest papers

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253 papers36 papers in the last four weeks, up 16% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Agentic AI-enabled Semantic Commissioning of a Cognitive Digital Twin for Reconfigurable Manufacturing

    Sep 8, 2026Yangyang Liu, Xun Xu, Jan PolzerManufacturingDigital Twins

  2. When Can LLM Digital Twins Reduce Human Measurement? From Behavioral Fidelity to Statistical Substitutability

    Sep 7, 2026Steven Wang, Kyle Hunt, Shaojie Tang +1Human Behavior SimulationDigital Twins

    University at Buffalo

  3. KODAMA: Multimodal Digital Twin Reconstruction for Urban RF Propagation Modelling

    Sep 7, 2026Maximiliano Wardle, A. Ryo Koblitz3D ReconstructionRadio Propagation Modeling

    Nokia Bell Labs · University of York

  4. Sparse Incident-Cluster Learning for 12-hour Port Flood Pre-warning in Digital-Twin Analytics

    Sep 5, 2026Jie Zhang, Qiang Ni, David Windridge +1Flood ForecastingDigital Twins

    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom · Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom

  5. DNative-Twin: Decision Graphs and Digital Twins for Reconstructable Agentic Decisions

    Sep 3, 2026Junjie Pang, Zhenzhen Xie, Haoke Han +3Data ProvenanceAI Agent Auditing

    Qingdao University, Qingdao, China · Shandong University, Qingdao, China · Hangzhou Shujiao Technology Partnership (Limited Partnership), Hangzhou, China +1

  6. Tri-Band Channel Measurement-Enabled Multi-Layer Digital Twin for Terahertz Wireless Data Centers

    Sep 1, 2026Mingjie Zhu, Ziming Yu, Guangjian Wang +1Wireless CommunicationsRadio Propagation Modeling

    Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China · Huawei Technologies Company Ltd., Chengdu 611731, China · Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Interdisciplinary Research Center, and Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center (CMIC), School of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

  7. Contrast-Free Autonomous Navigation of Untethered Endovascular Microrobots Using Single-Plane Fluoroscopy

    Aug 31, 2026Husnu Halid Alabay, Tuan-Anh Le, Ping Wang +1Robotic Endovascular InterventionDigital Twins

    Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA · School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

  8. The PUR-1 Cyber-Physical Digital Twin

    Aug 31, 2026Vasileios Theos, Jonah Lau, Konstantinos Gkouliaras +7Cyber-Physical SystemsDigital Twins

    School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907

  9. Spec2Twin-Chain: Orchestrating Bi-Level Optimization with LLMs for Blockchain Digital Twin Construction

    Aug 30, 2026Haoting Zhang, Haoxian Chen, Jiayuan Sheng +4Large Language Model-Guided OptimizationDigital Twins

    Haoting Zhang, Jiayuan Sheng, Haoxian Chen, Donglin Zhan, Zeyu Zheng, David D. Yao, and Wenpin Tang

  10. Toward Trustworthy Robot-Assisted Sliding Palpation for Shallow Vessel Localisation with a Calibrated Digital Twin

    Aug 29, 2026Piotr Blaszyk, Wen Fan, Kaizhong Deng +2Sim-to-Real TransferDigital Twins

    Imperial College London, UK

  11. LUCID: An Agentic AI Framework on Digital-Twin in the Loop for QoS-Guaranteeing Robotic Control

    Aug 28, 2026Hyeonsu Lyu, Minwoo Kim, Sehyun Ryu +1RoboticsRobotic Control

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea

  12. ExploraTwin, a Non-Profit Research Platform for Digital Twin Simulations

    Aug 20, 2026Naveen Venkat, Yuchen Qiu, Tianyi Peng +2Digital TwinsUser Simulation

    Columbia University · Columbia Business School

  13. Building real-time digital twin instances with Function+Data Flow: user evaluation and extension for iterative pipelines

    Aug 19, 2026Eduardo de Conto, Blaise Genest, Arvind Easwaran +2Model-Driven EngineeringDigital Twins

    College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore. · CNRS, IPAL Lab, France.

  14. Digital Twin-Based Intrusion Detection for Vehicle Powertrain CAN Bus Systems

    Aug 17, 2026Araf Rahman, M Sabbir Salek, Mashrur ChowdhuryNetwork Intrusion DetectionCybersecurity

    Glenn Department of Civil Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634

  15. Digital Twin Degradation: Detecting Cyber Physical Attacks via Temporal Inconsistencies

    Aug 17, 2026Konstantinos E. Kampourakis, Vasileios Gkioulos, Sokratis KatsikasCPS SecurityCybersecurity

    Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 2802 Gjøvik, Norway

  16. A Physiology-Informed Digital Twin Framework for Simulating Liver Health Progression

    Aug 15, 2026Sumaiya Afroz Mila, Sandip RayDigital TwinsClinical Outcome Prediction

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

  17. Twin: Playing an Unknown Game with a Test-Time Digital Twin

    Aug 14, 2026Alexy Skoutnev, Kirill Acharya, Gaston Longhitano +3Game-Playing AgentsCode World Models

    Yeshiva University · Stanford University · University of Southern California +1

  18. Operational digital twin clinics enable task-based evaluation of embodied AI

    Aug 12, 2026Xinyuan Wu, Jingrao Zhang, Mengdi Xu +3Digital TwinsEmbodied AI

    School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China. · Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China. · Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. +3

  19. AgenticTwin: An Agentic LLM Framework Integrated with Digital Twin for Anomaly Detection

    Aug 12, 2026Touseef Hasan, Mounika Ghanta, Souvika Sarkar +1Cyber-Physical SystemsDigital Twins

    School of Computing, Wichita State University, KS, USA · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, AL, USA

  20. Hierarchical Federated Transfer Learning in Digital Twin-Based Vehicular Networks

    Aug 12, 2026Qasim Zia, Saide Zhu, Haoxin Wang +2Hierarchical Federated LearningDigital Twins

    Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303 · Penn State Berks, Reading, PA, 19610

  21. Bridging the Data Gap: Digital Twin as a New Paradigm for AI-based Radio Sensing

    Aug 11, 2026Éloi Sainte-Beuve, Guillaume Larue, Louis-Adrien Dufrène +2Digital Twins

    Orange Research · IMT Atlantique · Orange Research, France +1

  22. Link-adaptive digital twin for robust physical-layer modeling in hybrid-amplified ultra-wideband optical networks

    Aug 11, 2026Xiaoxuan Gao, Rentao Gu, Yingchun Wang +3Neural Surrogate ModelingFew-Shot Domain Adaptation

    State Key Lab of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China · China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100080, China

  23. Trajectory Design and Budgeted Querying for Digital Twin Calibration

    Aug 9, 2026Vladyslava Spitkovska, Dmytro KuzmenkoActive LearningSystem Identification

    Department of Mathematics, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine · Department of Multimedia Systems, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine · Department of Computer Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

  24. From Passive Mirrors to Active Agents: Holonic Digital Twins for Physical AI over Networks

    Aug 6, 2026Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas, Omar Hashash, Walid SaadMulti-Agent CoordinationDigital Twins

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA · Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Alexandria, VA, USA

  25. BendTwin: Robust Dense-to-Sparse Physical Reconstruction with Bending-Aware Differentiable Spring-Mass Models

    Aug 6, 2026Yixiong Jing, Qi Wang, Lin Chen +6Structural MechanicsSparse-View 3D Reconstruction

    University of Cambridge · Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences · Northwestern Polytechnical University +1

  26. Automatic Patient-Specific Microwave Ablation Planning Accelerated by a Physics-Guided Deep Learning Model

    Aug 4, 2026Seonaeng Cho, Minjee Seo, Minju Seol +3Neural Surrogate ModelingModel-Based Planning

    School of Mathematics and Computing (Computational Science and Engineering), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · Innovative & Intelligent Computational Science Institute (IN2CSI), Seoul, Republic of Korea

  27. Cardiovascular Digital Twins from Physics Based to Data Driven Approaches

    Aug 3, 2026Emmanuel Lwele, Francis ChikwetoData AssimilationPhysics-Informed ML

    Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom. · Medical Engineering and Cardiology Department, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

  28. tFUSOperator: Operator Learning for Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Digital Twins

    Aug 3, 2026Minjee Seo, Haris Ghafoor, Minju Seol +2PDE Operator LearningDigital Twins

    School of Mathematics and Computing (Computational Science and Engineering), Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · Innovative & Intelligent Computational Science Institute (IN2CSI), Seoul, Republic of Korea

  29. When Measurement Conventions Masquerade as Calibration Gains in Cardiac Digital Twins

    Aug 3, 2026Dang P. M. Cao, Hieu PhamLeft Ventricular Ejection Fraction EstimationEchocardiography

    College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam · VinUni-Illinois Smart Health Center, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam · Center for Innovations in Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam

  30. Neuro-Symbolic Participation Governance for Verifiable AI Agents in Open Digital Twin Ecosystems

    Aug 2, 2026Juan Li, Wei Cai, Yan BaiMulti-Agent CollaborationLLM Agent Verification

    Department of Computer Science at North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA · School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington, Tacoma, WA, 98402, USA