Emergent Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

Overview

This field asks how interactions among agents create group-level behaviors—such as cooperation, consensus, role specialization, social norms, and collective failure—that are not specified for any one agent. Researchers study these dynamics with multi-agent reinforcement learning, evolutionary game theory, agent-based models, network analysis, and statistical physics, using settings such as public-goods games, naming games, online communities, markets, and robot swarms. Work with large language model agents adds natural-language communication, memory, and persistent social environments, while benchmarks increasingly measure information sharing and group outcomes rather than individual task scores alone. A central tension is that interaction can improve coordination but also amplify bias, conformity, collusion, or instability; predicting which outcome emerges as populations and networks scale remains an open challenge.

Latest papers

CardsList

170 papers20 papers in the last four weeks, down 29% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Atom as an Agent: Emergent Order by Collective Predictive Coding

    Oct 27, 2026Koji Hashimoto, Tadahiro TaniguchiEmergent Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

  2. Collective Emergent Alignment: Measuring and Amplifying Interaction-Induced Reasoning Alignment in Multi-Agent LLMs

    Oct 26, 2026Boxuan Wang, Zhuoyun Li, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn +2Multi-Agent ReasoningMulti-Agent LLMs

  3. Neuromorphic Decision Dynamics for Deadlock-free Safe Navigation in Congested Environments

    Oct 23, 2026Himani Sinhmar, Vaibhav Srivastava, Naomi Ehrich LeonardDecentralized Multi-Agent Motion PlanningMulti-Agent Coordination

  4. Distributed Swarm Morphogenesis with Neural Cellular Automata

    Oct 22, 2026Ray Verma, Eliseo Ferrante, Anthony TzesSwarm RoboticsRobotic Construction

  5. Emergent Cooperative Thermoregulation in Lunar Swarm Robotics

    Oct 22, 2026Anais Jeger, Harry Holt, Lennart PuckSwarm RoboticsSpace Robotics

  6. Claims of emergence in AI should be grounded in information decomposition

    Oct 20, 2026Christoph Riedl, Fernando E. RosasEmergent Abilities in Language ModelsEmergent Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

  7. The Forward/Inverse Duality of Controlled Emergence:A Computational Design Program from Explanation to Engineering

    Oct 19, 2026Hao Li, Minghui Ren, Shaowen LuInverse DesignEmergent Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

  8. Emergent Discrimination and Polarization in Multi-Agent Systems

    Oct 15, 2026Nestor Caticha, João Henrique Sant'Ana, Felippe Alves +5Emergent Behavior in Multi-Agent SystemsMulti-Agent Systems

  9. SCARCE: Emergent Institutions in Long-Horizon Multi-Agent Coding Systems

    Oct 15, 2026Abhinav Kumar, Rediet Abebe, Eugene Bagdasarian +1Multi-Agent Resource AllocationMulti-Agent Systems

  10. When Extremists Enter LLM Societies: Investigating Extreme Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

    Oct 14, 2026Guo Chen, Huaijin Xie, Ziwen Li +5Large Language Model-Based Social SimulationMulti-Agent Systems

  11. Identity, Incentives, and Cooperative Behavior for AI: Reverse-Engineering Multiagent Cooperation

    Oct 13, 2026Andrew Perrault, Bryan WilderMulti-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Coordination

  12. Spatial Pattern Formation from Multi-Agent Learning in Public Goods Dilemmas

    Oct 8, 2026Yefei Zhang, Yuxuan ZhaoEmergent Behavior in Multi-Agent SystemsMulti-Agent Reinforcement Learning

  13. Homogenization in Multi-Agent Systems

    Oct 7, 2026Prakhar Ganesh, Kyra Wilson, Luca Zappella +4Multi-Agent SystemsEmergent Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

  14. Prompted Identity Degrades Cooperation in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

    Sep 28, 2026Xavier Del Giudice, Alessio Palma, Matteo Migliarini +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

  15. VehicleArena: A Realistic Urban Environment for Multi-Agent Driving

    Sep 28, 2026Jie Yang, Jiajun Chen, Jiazheng Zhou +4Autonomous Driving BenchmarksAutonomous Driving

  16. Collective Regimes in Multi-Agent LLMs under Reasoning Effort and Communication Topology

    Sep 27, 2026Machiko Hirota, Akshara Nadayanur Sathis Kanna, Ujwal Kumar +1Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

  17. Warned alike, AI agents avoid the less-crowded road while people take it

    Sep 25, 2026Takahiro Ezaki, Naoto Imura, Katsuhiro NishinariCongestion GamesMulti-Agent Coordination

  18. Shutdown Sabotage Propensities in Multi-Agent Systems

    Sep 23, 2026Amelie Knecht, Ulysse Schaller, Christopher Summerfield +1AI Agent SafetyMulti-Agent System Security