Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems

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This field studies how multiple AI agents use common memory to coordinate, preserve useful experience, and divide work across long or complex tasks. Approaches include shared logs and workspaces, structured or role-routed retrieval, local-plus-global memory, and consistency mechanisms such as transactional updates and conflict-free replicated data structures. Systems are tested on question answering, web and household tasks, coding, visual reasoning, and research workflows. A central tension is that sharing can reduce duplicated work but also spread errors, stale claims, or private information; provenance, access control, verification, and efficient retrieval remain open challenges.

Latest papers

39 papers8 papers in the last four weeks, down 20% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

Muffin - A Shared Memory Buffer for Asynchronous AI Agents
Oct 22, 2026Ping-Lin Kuo, Suman Navaratnarajah, Christian Frey +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems
Department of Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence, University of Technology Nuremberg, Dr.-Luise-Herzberg-Straße 4, 90461 Nuremberg, Germany
Industrial ReMEmbR: Scaling Spatiotemporal Memory to Robot Fleets
Oct 20, 2026Jad Yammine, Malek Wahidi, Abrar Anwar +3Robotic Spatial Memory Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems
Idealworks · NVIDIA
AReaL-RSI: Adaptive Scaling and Coordination of Recursive Self-Improvement
Oct 13, 2026Wenhao Zhou, Jiajun Song, Haitao Wang +11Self-Improving Agents Recursive Self-Improvement
Ant Group · Zhejiang University · HKUST
Scaling Multi-Agent Intelligence with Substrate-Centric Coordination
Oct 12, 2026Zhenting Qi, Zhuokai Zhao, Rulin Shao +7Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Coordination
FAIR at Meta · Harvard · Meta AI +1
Beyond Corrected Memory: Execution Consistency in Multi-Agent Systems
Oct 6, 2026Zhe Yu, Zixuan Wang, Peidong Wang +3Multi-Agent Systems Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Singapore University of Technology and Design
MemCo: Memory-Centric Collaboration for Generalizing LLM Agents to Unseen Environments
Oct 5, 2026Xinting Liao, Siyan Liu, Rabab K. Ward +2Memory-Augmented Language Model Agents Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems
The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada · Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada · NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA, USA
Lineage-Aware Memory Governance: A Derivation-Gated Framework for Privacy-Preserving Column-Level Access Control in Enterprise AI Agents
Oct 5, 2026Venkata M Sangaraju, Sudhir VissaData Leakage Data Provenance
Independent Researcher · SAGE7 AI, Georgetown, Texas, USA
EpiCon: Collective Agent Learning through Co-Evolving Multimodal Memory
Sep 29, 2026Ziyun Zeng, Hang Hua, Shaden Alshammari +3LLM Agent Memory Multi-Agent Systems
MIT-IBM Computing Research Lab · University of Rochester · Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Learning from Others, Acting for You: Cross-User Memory Sharing for LLM Agents
Sep 26, 2026Jinming Hu, Haodong Zhao, Qi Jia +4LLM Agent Memory Agent Memory Management
School of Computer Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University · School of Computing, National University of Singapore · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Agentsensus: Consensus-Compressed Shared Memory for Multi-Agent Story Worlds
Sep 26, 2026Yu PanAgent Memory Management Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
A Benchmark and Diagnostic Study of Epistemic Admission in Shared Agent Memory
Sep 25, 2026Xiaoyang Li, Yiqi Wang, Chencheng Zhu +6Memory Agent Benchmarks Agent Memory Management
University of Southern Queensland · University of New South Wales · Aikaier +2
MACE: Memory-Agent Co-Evolution with Adaptive Memory Graphs for Multi-Agent Systems
Sep 18, 2026Kairui Yang, Minghao An, Xunkai Li +4LLM Agent Memory Multi-Agent LLM Systems
Scaling Discovery through Test-Time Communication
Sep 17, 2026Jongho Park, Vasilis Kontonis, Shivam Garg +2Multi-Agent Collaboration Multi-Agent Communication
UC Berkeley · Microsoft Research
Agora: Git as Shared Memory for Collective AutoResearch
Sep 16, 2026Yifan Zhang, Yunheng Zou, Shaokun Zhang +5AI Agents for Scientific Discovery Multi-Agent Collaboration
NVIDIA
Collaborative Memory for Multi-Agent VLM Systems
Sep 15, 2026Huixin Zhang, Shao-Jun Xia, Di Wang +3Memory-Augmented VLMs Multi-Agent Collaboration
Meta Menlo Park, United States
BusMA: A Bus Communication Substrate for Multi-Agent Systems
Sep 14, 2026Yanwen Peng, Delvin Ce Zhang, Xi Wang +1Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Coordination
Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
CoMem: Collective-Individual Memory Synergy for Evolutionary Multi-Agent Systems
Sep 14, 2026Chengxin Yu, Zhaoxin Fan, Faguo Wu +3Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Collaboration
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing, School of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University · Beijing academy of blockchain and edge computing · National University of Defense Technology +1
AIM: A Privacy-Aware Interoperable Memory Framework for Multi-Agent Multi-User LLM Systems
Sep 11, 2026Zachary Johnson, Nigel Boachie Kumankumah, Somya Chatterjee +8Multi-Agent LLM Systems Privacy-Preserving Language Models
Microsoft
AgentRoom: Concurrent Multi-Agent Coding in a CRDT-Backed Shared Workspace
Aug 24, 2026Seonglae Cho, Donghyun LeeMulti-Agent Coding Multi-Agent Coordination
Holistic AI · University of California, Berkeley
KernelArc: A Multi-Agent Framework for GPU Kernel Optimization
Aug 17, 2026Joyjit Kundu, Ben Stoffelen, Kaili Wang +2GPU Kernel Optimization GPU Kernel Generation
AILabs, Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC)
MELD: A Protocol for Merging Knowledge Across Distributed Agentic Memories
Aug 17, 2026Lauri Lovén, Jaakko Sauvola, Jukka Riekki +1LLM Agent Memory Graph-Based Agent Memory
Future Computing Group, University of Oulu, Finland · University of Oulu, Finland · University of Helsinki and University of Oulu, Finland
MAPLE-Guard: Memory-Aware Link Enforcement Against Memory-Link Poisoning in Multi-Agent Systems
Aug 1, 2026Wenjun Xiong, Yijin Zhou, Jiaqian Wang +6Multi-Agent LLM Systems Agent Memory Poisoning
Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Shanghai Innovation Institute · Xidian University +2
When Multi-Robot Systems Meet Agentic AI:Towards Embodied Collective Intelligence
Jun 26, 2026Yuxuan Yan, Yuanyuan Jia, Qianqian YangMulti-Robot Systems Multi-Robot Coordination
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Governed Shared Memory for Multi-Agent LLM Systems
Jun 23, 2026Yanki Margalit, Nurit Cohen-Inger, Erni Avram +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems Data Provenance
Computer Science and Information, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
GateMem: Benchmarking Memory Governance in Multi-Principal Shared-Memory Agents
Jun 17, 2026Zhe Ren, Yibo Yang, Yimeng Chen +7LLM Agent Memory Agent Memory Governance
School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University · 2Shanghai Jiao Tong University · 3King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) +2
Diagnosing Failure Modes of Shared-State Collaboration in Resource-Constrained Visual Agents
May 29, 2026Yunpeng ZhouVisual Question Answering Multi-Agent Collaboration
Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
PatchBoard: Schema-Grounded State Mutation for Reliable and Auditable LLM Multi-Agent Collaboration
May 28, 2026Shuyu Zhang, Yaqi Shi, Jiarui Zhang +2AI Agent Reliability Multi-Agent LLM Systems
School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Xi’an, China
EquiMem: Calibrating Shared Memory in Multi-Agent Debate via Game-Theoretic Equilibrium
May 10, 2026Yuqiao Meng, Luoxi Tang, Sakshi Sunil Narvekar +4Multi-Agent Debate Agent Memory Poisoning
Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA · University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
MPAC: A Multi-Principal Agent Coordination Protocol for Interoperable Multi-Agent Collaboration
Apr 10, 2026Kaiyang Qian, Xinmin Fang, Zhengxiong LiMulti-Agent Coordination Agent Communication Protocols
University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver)
Prism: An Evolutionary Memory Substrate for Multi-Agent Open-Ended Discovery
Apr 8, 2026Suyash MishraAgent Memory Management Graph-Based Agent Memory
AI Researcher · Basel, Switzerland

Oct 22, 2026J/K move · Enter open · S save

Muffin - A Shared Memory Buffer for Asynchronous AI Agents

Ping-Lin Kuo, Suman Navaratnarajah, Christian Frey, Gresa Shala+1

Department of Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence, University of Technology Nuremberg, Dr.-Luise-Herzberg-Straße 4, 90461 Nuremberg, Germany

Multi-Agent LLM Systems Shared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems Multi-Agent Reasoning Multi-Agent Communication LLM Agent Efficiency

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The rise of Agentic AI systems has changed the landscape of artificial intelligence by enabling strong reasoning capabilities through specialized multi-agent interaction with structured self-reflection. However, in target-driven reasoning tasks, single- and multi-agent systems are often on par in terms of performance gains. A major challenge is that failures often arise from an ineffective exchange of critical information during inter-agent interaction and coordination. Different from existing multi-agent debate paradigms that rely on synchronous turn-taking and sharing information across different agents, we propose an inter-agent protocol based on shared Memory bUFFer INference - referred to as MUFFIN - in an asynchronous agentic framework. In the first step, an orchestrator routes queries based on their reasoning demands and delegates demanding ones to a multi-agent setting, where a shared memory buffer provides asynchronous exchange of intermediate findings while an agent's private reasoning remains local. Our experiments show that our framework Muffin outperforms established competitors, achieving the best accuracy in 17 out of 20 of our benchmark settings, and provides a better quality-cost trade-off than multi-agent debate: Muffin improves accuracy by 19.2 accuracy points while using 77.4% fewer tokens, without requiring full-trace sharing.