Overview

Multi-agent reasoning examines how AI agents combine knowledge and perspectives to solve problems that may exceed one agent’s abilities, including mathematical and scientific question answering, games, robotics, and clinical decisions. Common approaches include role-specialized agents, chain-of-thought debate and critique, voting or mixture-of-agents aggregation, and learned routing that decides who should contribute and when. Other work trains collaboration with reinforcement learning or distills group reasoning into a single model, while benchmarks test coordination under partial information and strategic interaction. A central tension is that collaboration can correct individual errors, but communication costs, correlated mistakes, and pressure to conform can erase its gains; when it helps depends on the task, evidence quality, and compute budget.

Latest papers

CardsList

232 papers28 papers in the last four weeks, up 133% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Multi-Agent Relay Thinking

    Oct 26, 2026Xu Liu, Jungang Qiao, Guikun Chen +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Collaboration

  2. Collective Emergent Alignment: Measuring and Amplifying Interaction-Induced Reasoning Alignment in Multi-Agent LLMs

    Oct 26, 2026Boxuan Wang, Zhuoyun Li, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn +2Multi-Agent ReasoningMulti-Agent LLMs

  3. Muffin - A Shared Memory Buffer for Asynchronous AI Agents

    Oct 22, 2026Ping-Lin Kuo, Suman Navaratnarajah, Christian Frey +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsShared-Memory Multi-Agent Systems

  4. Bridging Concepts: Multi-Agent Reasoning over Scientific Concept Graphs for High-Impact Research Prediction

    Oct 18, 2026Donggyu Yoon, Minsung Hwang, Juneha Baek +2Knowledge GraphsLLM Reasoning with Graphs

  5. MAMath-Bench: Process-Aware and Robust Evaluation of Multimodal Multi-Agent Mathematical Reasoning

    Oct 18, 2026Xinping Wang, Jie Ma, Rui Xing +6Mathematical Reasoning BenchmarksLanguage Model Reasoning Evaluation

  6. Neuro-Inspired Inhibitory Message Passing for Accurate and Token-Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning

    Oct 17, 2026Nima H. Siboni, Magdalena Springer, Vahid RostamiMulti-Agent ReasoningMulti-Agent Communication

  7. Federation over Harness

    Oct 15, 2026Dixi Yao, Tahseen Rabbani, Tian LiAgent Harness OptimizationLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  8. Bias Control and Injection for Multi-Agent Aggregation

    Oct 15, 2026Sungjae Lee, Soheil Abbasloo, Jabin Koo +1Multi-Agent ReasoningLLM Agent Reliability

  9. Euler: Towards Human-Centered Multi-Agent Mathematical Discovery

    Oct 14, 2026Qiuyu Chen, Qi Wang, Liang Xu +3AI-Assisted Mathematical DiscoveryAutonomous Research Agents

  10. Legal-R1: Agentic Retrieval for Evidence-Based Legal Reasoning

    Oct 13, 2026Huaiwen Pang, Jiale Han, Junying Chen +2Legal QALegal Reasoning

  11. ECMR: Evidence-Aware Deliberation Control for Multi-Agent LLM Reasoning

    Oct 13, 2026Yuan Liu, Haoyue Peng, Fanliang Hu +2Multi-Agent ReasoningLLM Agent Reliability

  12. Observe, Share, or Predict? Disentangling Partner Information in Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration

    Oct 12, 2026Adrián Szlatincsán, Filippo Ziliotto, Bruno Lepri +3Multi-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Reasoning

  13. Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning via Confidence-Guided Adaptive Debate

    Oct 12, 2026Seungdong Yoa, Ye Seul Sim, Suhee Yoon +5Multi-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Reasoning

  14. ReTAC: Residual Test-Time Agentic Computation for Video Spatial Reasoning

    Oct 12, 2026Yike Wu, Keyan Chen, Qixiong Wang +6Test-Time Scaling for VLMsVideo Reasoning

  15. Hierarchical Multi-Agent Reasoning Systems for Knowledge-Grounded Material Substitution

    Oct 9, 2026Tarjei Paule Hage, Subhadeep Pal, Wei Lu +4Materials ScienceMulti-Agent Reasoning

  16. Collaborative Learning and Reasoning over Model Slices

    Oct 9, 2026Yuheng Wang, Runde Yang, Zhuohan Bao +9Multi-LLM CollaborationMulti-Agent Reasoning

  17. Mental-Models for Multi-Agent Systems

    Oct 8, 2026Hanan Gani, Lulu Shao, Manmohan ChandrakerMulti-Agent ReasoningTheory of Mind

  18. Recursive Self-Improvement through Multi-Agent Self-Supervision

    Oct 8, 2026Hyunin Lee, Jinglue Xu, Jeffrey Seely +4Language Model Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Workflow Optimization

  19. Sequential Probabilistic Uncertainty Estimation for Parallel Multi-Agent Reasoning Systems

    Oct 6, 2026Tunyu Zhang, Zihao Zhao, Yusong Zhao +5LLM Uncertainty EstimationMulti-Agent LLM Systems

  20. Test-Time Agent Evolution for Long-Horizon Legal Reasoning

    Oct 6, 2026Haotian Chen, Shuaicheng Niu, Haocong Rao +5Legal ReasoningTest-Time Adaptation

  21. DHCG: Dynamic Construction of Hierarchical Collaboration Graphs for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Reasoning

    Oct 6, 2026Jie Ren, Jiakang Yuan, Chenyu Huang +3Multi-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Reasoning

  22. Attention Tax, Handoff Tax: A Stylised Model of When Multi-Agent LLM Systems Help

    Oct 5, 2026Akshit Anchan, Nayonika SenMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Reasoning

  23. Communication Shapes Collective Inference in Self-Adapting LLM Societies: Evidence from Mafia

    Oct 4, 2026Haonan Huang, Joey XiaoImperfect-Information GamesSocial Deduction Games

  24. When Debate Helps: Proposal Supply and Verification-Aware Readout in Multi-Agent Reasoning

    Oct 3, 2026Zihao Zhao, Tunyu Zhang, Haizhou Shi +3Multi-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Reasoning

  25. Revision-Aware Independent Agent Graphs for Dynamic Reasoning

    Oct 1, 2026Yan Luo, Selim-Antoine Lali, Jeremy Moebel +3Temporal ReasoningAI Agent Benchmarks

  26. From Retrieval to Reasoning: Agentic Mechanism Prediction from Cell Painting Profiles

    Sep 29, 2026Jiayuan Chen, Botao Yu, Tianyu Liu +3Agentic ReasoningMulti-Agent Reasoning

  27. Solver Agent: an Agentic AI Framework for Theoretical Physics Computations Applied to F-theory Uplifts of O3-planes and S-folds

    Sep 28, 2026Eliott Morgensztern, Cesar Fierro Cota, Alessandro MininnoAI Agents for Scientific DiscoveryLLM Agent Verification

  28. Self-Adapting Group of Experts for Multi-Agent Reasoning

    Sep 28, 2026Mohammad Atif Quamar, Nurbek Tastan, Karthik Nandakumar +1Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Reasoning

  29. TMCS: Tool-Grounded Multi-Agent Reasoning for Compositional Chemical Problem Solving

    Sep 28, 2026Shengqin Wang, Jie Jin, Yu Cheng +4Molecular OptimizationTool-Augmented Language Model Agents