End-to-End Autonomous Driving

Overview

End-to-end autonomous driving studies systems that map camera, lidar, map, or vehicle-state inputs directly to planned trajectories or control, aiming to coordinate perception and action. Common approaches include imitation learning, bird’s-eye-view representations, vision-language-action models, diffusion planners, reinforcement learning, and world models that predict future scenes or agent interactions. Researchers evaluate both open-loop planning on datasets such as nuScenes and NAVSIM and closed-loop behavior in CARLA, Bench2Drive, and other simulators, with some work testing transfer to real vehicles. A central tension is that strong dataset scores may not translate to safe, recoverable behavior under long-tail events, domain shifts, sensor failures, or accumulated closed-loop errors.

Latest papers

CardsList

227 papers21 papers in the last four weeks, down 34% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. HiDrive: A Closed-Loop Benchmark for High-Level Autonomous Driving

    May 11, 2026Zhongyu Xia, Guanyu Zhu, Guo Tang +2Autonomous Driving BenchmarksEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  2. Latency Analysis and Optimization of Alpamayo 1 via Efficient Trajectory Generation

    May 9, 2026Yunseong Jeon, Namcheol Lee, Yoonsu Lee +4Efficient InferenceEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  3. VECTOR-Drive: Tightly Coupled Vision-Language and Trajectory Expert Routing for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    May 9, 2026Rui Zhao, Jianlin Yu, Zhenhai Gao +2VLMs for Autonomous DrivingEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  4. REAP: Reinforcement-Learning End-to-End Autonomous Parking with Gaussian Splatting Simulator for Real2Sim2Real Transfer

    May 9, 2026Changze Li, Zhe Chen, Shaoyu Chen +7End-to-End Autonomous DrivingAutonomous Parking

  5. See Tomorrow, Act Today: Foresight-Driven Autonomous Driving

    May 8, 2026Bozhou Zhang, Nan Song, Yuang Wang +3End-to-End Autonomous DrivingWorld Models

  6. Can Attribution Predict Risk? From Multi-View Attribution to Planning Risk Signals in End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    May 7, 2026Le Yang, Ruoyu Chen, Haijun Liu +3Feature AttributionEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  7. InterFuserDVS: Event-Enhanced Sensor Fusion for Safe RL-Based Decision Making

    May 5, 2026Mustafa Sakhaia, Kaung Sithua, Min Khant Soe Okea +1Event-Based VisionEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  8. Unified Map Prior Encoder for Mapping and Planning

    May 4, 2026Zongzheng Zhang, Sizhe Zou, Guantian Zheng +12End-to-End Autonomous DrivingAutonomous Driving

  9. VLADriver-RAG: Retrieval-Augmented Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving

    May 1, 2026Rui Zhao, Haofeng Hu, Zhenhai Gao +2Retrieval-Augmented GenerationVLMs for Autonomous Driving

  10. GSDrive: Reinforcing Driving Policies by Multi-mode Future Trajectory Probing with 3D Gaussian Splatting Environment

    Apr 30, 2026Ziang Guo, Chen Min, Xuefeng Zhang +5End-to-End Autonomous DrivingRL for Autonomous Driving

  11. ProDrive: Proactive Planning for Autonomous Driving via Ego-Environment Co-Evolution

    Apr 28, 2026Chuyao Fu, Shengzhe Gan, Zhuoli Ouyang +5End-to-End Autonomous DrivingWorld Models

  12. Adversarial Flow Matching for Imperceptible Attacks on End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 26, 2026Xinyu Zeng, Xiangkun He, Lei Tao +2Flow MatchingEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  13. UniAda: Universal Adaptive Multi-objective Adversarial Attack for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Systems

    Apr 25, 2026Jingyu Zhang, Jacky Wai Keung, Yan Xiao +3End-to-End Autonomous DrivingAdversarial Attacks

  14. OneDrive: Unified Multi-Paradigm Driving with Vision-Language-Action Models

    Apr 20, 2026Yiwei Zhang, Xuesong Chen, Jin Gao +5VLMs for Autonomous DrivingEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  15. ParkingScenes: A Structured Dataset for End-to-End Autonomous Parking in Simulation Scenes

    Apr 20, 2026Haonan Chen, Kaiwen Xiao, Bin Tian +1Autonomous Driving DatasetsEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  16. FeaXDrive: Feasibility-aware Trajectory-Centric Diffusion Planning for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 14, 2026Baoyun Wang, Zhuoren Li, Ran Yu +6Diffusion-Based PlanningMotion Planning

  17. Unveiling the Surprising Efficacy of Navigation Understanding in End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 14, 2026Zhihua Hua, Junli Wang, Pengfei LI +6Autonomous DrivingEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  18. MVAdapt: Zero-Shot Multi-Vehicle Adaptation for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 13, 2026Haesung Oh, Jaeheung ParkEnd-to-End Autonomous DrivingVehicle Dynamics

  19. BridgeSim: Unveiling the OL-CL Gap in End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 12, 2026Seth Z. Zhao, Luobin Wang, Hongwei Ruan +13End-to-End Autonomous DrivingAutonomous Driving

  20. LMGenDrive: Bridging Multimodal Understanding and Generative World Modeling for End-to-End Driving

    Apr 9, 2026Hao Shao, Letian Wang, Yang Zhou +5Autonomous DrivingEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving

  21. Scaling-Aware Data Selection for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Systems

    Apr 9, 2026Tolga Dimlioglu, Nadine Chang, Maying Shen +2Training Data SelectionData-Efficient Learning

  22. Orion-Lite: Distilling LLM Reasoning into Efficient Vision-Only Driving Models

    Apr 9, 2026Jing Gu, Niccolò Cavagnero, Gijs DubbelmanEnd-to-End Autonomous DrivingVLM Distillation

  23. Not All Agents Matter: From Global Attention Dilution to Risk-Prioritized Game Planning

    Apr 7, 2026Kang Ding, Hongsong Wang, Jie Gui +1End-to-End Autonomous DrivingAutonomous Driving Planning

  24. Fuzzy Encoding-Decoding to Improve Spiking Q-Learning Performance in Autonomous Driving

    Apr 6, 2026Aref Ghoreishee, Abhishek Mishra, Lifeng Zhou +3Reinforcement LearningSpiking Neural Networks

  25. ExploreVLA: Dense World Modeling and Exploration for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

    Apr 3, 2026Zihao Sheng, Xin Ye, Jingru Luo +2World Model LearningVLMs for Autonomous Driving

  26. Safety-Aligned 3D Object Detection: Single-Vehicle, Cooperative, and End-to-End Perspectives

    Apr 2, 2026Brian Hsuan-Cheng Liao, Chih-Hong Cheng, Hasan Esen +13D Object DetectionAutonomous Driving Safety Evaluation

  27. UniDriveVLA: Unifying Understanding, Perception, and Action Planning for Autonomous Driving

    Apr 2, 2026Yongkang Li, Lijun Zhou, Sixu Yan +11Mixture-of-TransformersVision-Language-Action Models

  28. Causal Scene Narration: Inference-Time Text Restructuring for Vision-Language-Action Driving

    Apr 2, 2026Yun Li, Yidu Zhang, Simon Thompson +2Vision-Language-Action ModelsEnd-to-End Autonomous Driving