LLM Agent Skill Learning

LLM: Large Language Model

Overview

This field asks how language-model agents can turn experience, demonstrations, external guides, or feedback into reusable procedures for tasks such as tool use, web navigation, coding, and embodied control. Common approaches distill skills from successful and failed trajectories into text, executable programs, or hierarchical libraries, then retrieve, compose, verify, and revise them; other methods train agents to internalize skills through supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning. Work is evaluated on interactive benchmarks such as ALFWorld, WebShop, AppWorld, and coding tasks, with attention to success, transfer, token cost, and consistency. A central challenge is that skills can help when relevant but cause regressions when stale, poorly selected, or applied outside their scope, making reliable validation, lifecycle management, and safety essential.

Latest papers

CardsList

402 papers71 papers in the last four weeks, up 39% on the four weeks before. 0.4% of all new papers.

  1. Experience Compression Spectrum: Unifying Memory, Skills, and Rules in LLM Agents

    Apr 17, 2026Xing Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Yanwei Cui +4LLM Agent MemoryLLM Agent Skill Learning

  2. Bilevel Optimization of Agent Skills via Monte Carlo Tree Search

    Apr 17, 2026Chenyi Huang, Haoting Zhang, Jingxu Xu +2Large Language Model-Guided OptimizationLLM Agent Skill Learning

  3. From Procedural Skills to Strategy Genes: Towards Experience-Driven Test-Time Evolution

    Apr 16, 2026Junjie Wang, Yiming Ren, Haoyang ZhangEvolutionary OptimizationLLM Agent Skill Learning

  4. SpaceMind: A Modular and Self-Evolving Embodied Vision-Language Agent Framework for Autonomous On-orbit Servicing

    Apr 15, 2026Aodi Wu, Haodong Han, Xubo Luo +3Tool-Using Vision-Language AgentsVLMs for Robotics

  5. WebXSkill: Skill Learning for Autonomous Web Agents

    Apr 14, 2026Zhaoyang Wang, Qianhui Wu, Xuchao Zhang +12LLM Agent Skill LearningLong-Horizon LLM Agents

  6. Transferable Expertise for Autonomous Agents via Real-World Case-Based Learning

    Apr 14, 2026Zhenyu Ma, Yuyang Song, Chunyi Yang +3Case-Based ReasoningLLM Agents

  7. Skill-SD: Skill-Conditioned Self-Distillation for Multi-turn LLM Agents

    Apr 12, 2026Hao Wang, Guozhi Wang, Han Xiao +8RL for LLM AgentsLLM Agent Skill Learning

  8. SkillClaw: Let Skills Evolve Collectively with Agentic Evolver

    Apr 9, 2026Ziyu Ma, Shidong Yang, Yuxiang Ji +5LLM Agent Skill LearningLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  9. SkillX: Automatically Constructing Skill Knowledge Bases for Agents

    Apr 6, 2026Chenxi Wang, Zhuoyun Yu, Xin Xie +8LLM Agent Skill LearningLLM Agents

  10. SKILL0: In-Context Agentic Reinforcement Learning for Skill Internalization

    Apr 2, 2026Zhengxi Lu, Zhiyuan Yao, Jinyang Wu +7LLM Agent Skill LearningRL for Tool Use

  11. CoEvoSkills: Self-Evolving Agent Skills via Co-Evolutionary Verification

    Apr 2, 2026Hanrong Zhang, Shicheng Fan, Henry Peng Zou +11LLM Agent Skill LearningSelf-Evolving Agents

  12. A Self-Evolving Agentic Framework for Metasurface Inverse Design

    Apr 1, 2026Yi Huang, Bowen Zheng, Yunxi Dong +4Inverse DesignSelf-Evolving Agents

  13. Dynamic Dual-Granularity Skill Bank for Agentic RL

    Mar 30, 2026Songjun Tu, Chengdong Xu, Qichao Zhang +5LLM Agent Skill LearningAgent Skill Learning

  14. GEMS: Agent-Native Multimodal Generation with Memory and Skills

    Mar 30, 2026Zefeng He, Siyuan Huang, Xiaoye Qu +4Multimodal GenerationMemory-Augmented Language Model Agents

  15. EffiSkill: Agent Skill Based Automated Code Efficiency Optimization

    Mar 29, 2026Zimu Wang, Yuling Shi, Mengfan Li +4Code OptimizationLarge Language Model-Guided Optimization

  16. Trace2Skill: Distill Trajectory-Local Lessons into Transferable Agent Skills

    Mar 26, 2026Jingwei Ni, Yihao Liu, Xinpeng Liu +7LLM Agent Skill LearningLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  17. ContractSkill: Repairable Contract-Based Skills for Multimodal Web Agents

    Mar 20, 2026Zijian Lu, Yiping Zuo, Yupeng Nie +4LLM Agent Skill LearningWeb Agents

  18. Skilled AI Agents for Embedded and IoT Systems Development

    Mar 20, 2026Yiming Li, Yuhan Cheng, Mingchen Ma +6AI Coding AgentsAI Agent Benchmarks

  19. Memento-Skills: Let Agents Design Agents

    Mar 19, 2026Huichi Zhou, Siyuan Guo, Anjie Liu +14Agentic AILLM Agent Skill Learning

  20. AgentFactory: A Self-Evolving Framework Through Executable Subagent Accumulation and Reuse

    Mar 18, 2026Zhang Zhang, Shuqi Lu, Hongjin Qian +2Self-Evolving AgentsLLM Agent Skill Learning

  21. MetaClaw: Just Talk -- An Agent That Meta-Learns and Evolves in the Wild

    Mar 17, 2026Peng Xia, Jianwen Chen, Xinyu Yang +10Continual Learning for LLM AgentsLLM Agent Skill Learning

  22. Automating Skill Acquisition through Large-Scale Mining of Open-Source Agentic Repositories: A Framework for Multi-Agent Procedural Knowledge Extraction

    Mar 12, 2026Shuzhen Bi, Mengsong Wu, Hao Hao +5Mining Software RepositoriesLLM Agent Skill Learning

  23. Scaling Laws for Educational AI Agents

    Mar 12, 2026Mengsong Wu, Hao Hao, Shuzhen Bi +5AI in EducationGenerative AI in Education

  24. AutoAgent: Evolving Cognition and Elastic Memory Orchestration for Adaptive Agents

    Mar 10, 2026Xiaoxing Wang, Ning Liao, Shikun Wei +2Self-Evolving AgentsMemory-Augmented Language Model Agents

  25. SCALAR: Learning and Composing Skills through LLM Guided Symbolic Planning and Deep RL Grounding

    Mar 10, 2026Renos Zabounidis, Yue Wu, Simon Stepputtis +4LLM-Guided RLLLM Agent Skill Learning

  26. Empowering Locally Deployable Medical Agent via State Enhanced Logical Skills for FHIR-based Clinical Tasks

    Mar 6, 2026Wanrong Yang, Zhengliang Liu, Yuan Li +6Memory-Augmented Language Model AgentsMedical LLMs