Medical Image Synthesis

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25 papers in the last four weeks, up 92% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Latest papers 185

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SynerMedGen: Synergizing Medical Multimodal Understanding with Generation via Task Alignment
May 9, 2026Weiren Zhao, Yi Dong, Cheng ChenHealthcare Unified Multimodal Models
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
3D Ultrasound-Derived Pseudo-CT Synthesis Using a Transformer-Augmented Residual Network for Real-Time Operator Guidance
May 6, 2026Sapna Sachan, Amulya Kumar Mahto3D Medical Imaging Ultrasound Imaging
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, PIN 781039 India
Multimodal synthesis of MRI and tabular data with diffusion in a joint latent space via cross-attention
May 5, 2026Daniel Mensing, Jan Kapar, Jochen G. Hirsch +3Synthetic Tabular Data Generation Multimodal Generation
Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany · Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany · Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany +1
Virtual Scanning for NSCLC Histology: Investigating the Discriminatory Power of Synthetic PET
May 4, 2026Fatih Aksu, Laura Ciuffetti, Francesco Di Feola +6PET/CT Imaging Multimodal Classification
Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma · Umeå University · Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
Disentangled Anatomy-Disease Diffusion (DADD) for Controllable Ulcerative Colitis Progression Synthesis
May 3, 2026Umut Dundar, Alptekin TemizelEndoscopy Disentangled Representation Learning
Graduate School of Informatics Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Cross-Domain Adversarial Augmentation: Stabilizing GANs for Medical and Handwriting Data Scarcity
May 3, 2026Md. Sohanuzzaman Soad, Mahady Al Hady, S M Rafiuddin Rifat +1Synthetic Data Augmentation Medical Image Synthesis
Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Asia Pacific Dhaka, Bangladesh
Phase-map synthesis from magnitude-only MR images using conditional score-based diffusion models with application in training of accelerated MRI reconstruction models
May 2, 2026M. Berk Sahin, Dilek Yalcinkaya, Abolfazl Hashemi +1Accelerated MRI Reconstruction Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Purdue University
A Proof-of-Concept Study of Multitask Learning for Cranial Synthetic CT Generation Across Heterogeneous MRI Field Strengths
Apr 30, 2026Zhuoyao Xin, Yiren Zhang, Christopher Wu +6Domain Generalization Multi-Task Learning
F.M. Kirby Research Center for Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States. · Neurosection, Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, United States. · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, United States. +6
VS-DDPM: Efficient Low-Cost Diffusion Model for Medical Modality Translation
Apr 24, 2026Nikoo Moradi, Gijs Luijten, Behrus Hinrichs-Puladi +4Image-to-Image Translation 3D Medical Imaging
Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (IKIM), Essen University Hospital (AöR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany · Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16, Graz, 8010, Austria · Center for Virtual and Extended Reality in Medicine (ZvRM), University Hospital Essen (AöR), Essen, Germany +7
Generative Modeling of Neurodegenerative Brain Anatomy with 4D Longitudinal Diffusion Model
Apr 24, 2026Nivetha Jayakumar, Swakshar Deb, Bahram Jafrasteh +2Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Synthesis
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, USA · Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14850, NY, USA · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22903, VA, USA
Triple-Phase Sequential Fusion Network for Hepatobiliary Phase Liver MRI Synthesis
Apr 24, 2026Qiuli Wang, Xinhuan Sun, Fengxi Chen +7Missing-Modality Learning Medical Imaging
Yu-Yue Pathology Research Center, Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 400000, China · 7T Magnetic Resonance Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400033, China · Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China +1
WFM: 3D Wavelet Flow Matching for Ultrafast Multi-Modal MRI Synthesis
Apr 22, 2026Yalcin Tur, Mihajlo Stojkovic, Ulas BagciFlow Matching BraTS
Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA · Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Lab, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Generative Drifting for Conditional Medical Image Generation
Apr 21, 2026Zirong Li, Siyuan Mei, Weiwen Wu +33D Medical Imaging One-Step Generative Modeling
Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany · Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany · Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany +1
CDSA-Net:Collaborative Decoupling of Vascular Structure and Background for High-Fidelity Coronary Digital Subtraction Angiography
Apr 19, 2026Si Li, Chen-Kai Hu, Zhenhuan Lyu +1Medical Imaging Coronary Angiography
School of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Industry, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China. · Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. · School of Artificial Intelligence, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.
CLIMB: Controllable Longitudinal Brain Image Generation using Mamba-based Latent Diffusion Model and Gaussian-aligned Autoencoder
Apr 17, 2026Duy-Phuong Dao, Muhammad Taqiyuddin, Jahae Kim +4Latent Diffusion Models Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, South Korea · Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University, South Korea · University of South Australia, Australia +2
Generative Modeling of Complex-Valued Brain MRI Data
Apr 16, 2026Marco Schlimbach, Moritz Rempe, Jessica Mnischek +4Medical Image Synthesis Brain MRI
Department of Physics, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany · Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Hospital Essen, Girardetstraße 2, 45131 Essen, Germany · 3Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), University Medicine Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany +4
Conditional Diffusion for 3D CT Volume Reconstruction from 2D X-rays
Mar 27, 2026Martin Rath, Morteza Ghahremani, Yitong Li +33D Reconstruction Medical Image Synthesis
Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Germany · University of Western Australia (UWA), Australia
Mamba-driven MRI-to-CT Synthesis for MRI-only Radiotherapy Planning
Mar 24, 2026Konstantinos Barmpounakis, Theodoros P. Vagenas, Maria Vakalopoulou +1Medical Image Synthesis State Space Models
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens · Archimedes, Athena Research Center · CentraleSupélec, University of Paris-Saclay
CompDiff enables fair and zero shot medical image generation across demographic intersections through compositional diffusion
Mar 17, 2026Mahmoud K. Ibrahim, Bart Elen, Chang Sun +5Healthcare Compositional Image Generation
Institute of Data Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands · Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands · VITO, Belgium
NAMD: Virtual Follow-up Computed Tomography Synthesis via Nodule-Aligned Multimodal Diffusion Models for Early Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Mar 16, 2026James Song, Yifan Wang, Chuan Zhou +1Medical Image Analysis Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
University of Michigan · University of Michigan Medical School
LAW & ORDER: Adaptive Spatial Weighting for Medical Diffusion and Segmentation
Mar 5, 2026Anugunj Naman, Ayushman Singh, Gaibo Zhang +1Image Segmentation Healthcare
Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA · Sesame AI, New York, USA · Department of Computer Science Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA +1
SFL-Net: Source-Factorized Latent Representation Learning for Multi-Contrast MRI to Tau-PET Synthesis
Feb 26, 2026Agamdeep S. Chopra, Caitlin Neher, Tianyi Ren +3Disentangled Representation Learning Multimodal Disentangled Representation Learning
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA · Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
MeDUET: Disentangled Unified Pretraining for 3D Medical Image Synthesis and Analysis
Feb 19, 2026Junkai Liu, Ling Shao, Le ZhangDisentangled Representation Learning Self-Supervised Pre-Training
School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom · UCAS-Terminus AI Laboratory, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Scalable next-scale autoregression for medical image generation across anatomical regions
Feb 16, 2026Zhicheng He, Yunpeng Zhao, Junde Wu +7Medical Imaging Foundation Models Healthcare
National University of Singapore · University of Oxford · Zhejiang University +1
ECGFlowCMR: Pretraining with ECG-Generated Cine CMR Helps Cardiac Disease Classification and Phenotype Prediction
Jan 28, 2026Xiaocheng Fang, Zhengyao Ding, Guangkun Nie +9Synthetic Data Pretraining Medical Diagnosis
State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Peking University · School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China · Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China +4
Anatomically Guided Latent Diffusion for Brain MRI Progression Modeling
Jan 21, 2026Cheng Wan, Bahram Jafrasteh, Ehsan Adeli +2Latent Diffusion Models Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
Cornell University · Weill Cornell Medicine · Stanford University +1
Controllable Diffusion-Based Lesion Inpainting for Scalable Histopathology Data Augmentation
Jan 13, 2026Mohamad Koohi-Moghadam, Mohammad-Ali Nikouei Mahani, Rex K. H. Au-Yeung +6Computational Pathology Synthetic Data Augmentation
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, PR China · Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China · Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. +2
Interpretable Similarity of Synthetic Image Utility
Dec 18, 2025Panagiota Gatoula, George Dimas, Dimitris K. IakovidisMedical Image Synthesis Synthetic Data Evaluation
University of Thessaly, Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, Lamia 35131 Greece
BrainNormalizer: Anatomy-Informed Pseudo-Healthy Brain Reconstruction from Tumor MRI via Edge-Guided ControlNet
Nov 17, 2025Min Gu Kwak, Yeonju Lee, Hairong Wang +2Diffusion Models for Image Restoration Medical Image Synthesis
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA · H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA,2026 USA · Operations Research and Industrial Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USAJul +2
AD-DAE: Alzheimer's Disease Progression Modeling with Unpaired Longitudinal MRI using Diffusion Auto-Encoders
Nov 8, 2025Ayantika Das, Arunima Sarkar, Keerthi Ram +1Medical Image Synthesis Alzheimer's Disease Progression Prediction
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600036, India · Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), IITM, Chennai 600036, India

May 9, 2026, cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

SynerMedGen: Synergizing Medical Multimodal Understanding with Generation via Task Alignment

Weiren Zhao, Yi Dong, Cheng Chen

The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Healthcare Unified Multimodal Models Multimodal Generation Medical Image Synthesis Multimodal Understanding

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Unifying multimodal understanding and generation is a compelling frontier that is beginning to emerge in the medical field. However, the limited existing unified medical models typically treat understanding and generation as disjoint objectives, lacking a meaningful functional synergy. In this work, we identify and address a critical question in unified medical modeling: what form of understanding truly benefits generation. We present SynerMedGen, a unified framework built on the proposed principle of generation-aligned understanding, which synergizes understanding objectives with generation tasks via task alignment. SynerMedGen introduces three generation-aligned understanding tasks and a two-stage training strategy that transfers generation-beneficial representations learned during understanding training to medical image synthesis. Remarkably, even with understanding training alone, our SynerMedGen achieves strong zero-shot performance across 22 medical image synthesis tasks and demonstrates robust generalization to unseen datasets. When combined with generation training, SynerMedGen consistently outperforms state-of-the-art specialized medical image synthesis models as well as recent unified medical models. We also release a large-scale dataset named SynerMed consisting of 1M paired synthesis samples and 2M generation-derived understanding instances to support further research on understanding-generation synergy. Our project can be accessed at https://github.com/piooip/SynerMedGen.

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