Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis

Overview

The field studies sequences of medical scans to measure biological change, distinguish disease progression or treatment response from imaging variability, and improve diagnosis and prognosis. Common approaches include image registration and lesion tracking, temporal CNNs and transformers, graph and self-supervised models, and multimodal fusion with clinical data; generative methods also forecast future images, sometimes with uncertainty estimates. Applications range from brain disease and cancer to breast screening, retinal disease, and comparative radiology reporting, with evaluation spanning progression prediction, segmentation, registration, and multi-visit reasoning benchmarks. Sparse and irregular follow-ups, protocol differences, and limited external validation remain challenges, as does showing that predictions capture patient-specific change rather than population averages.

Latest papers

CardsList

100 papers10 papers in the last four weeks, down 33% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. FORESEE-MS: Toward Prospective Spatial Forecasting of Future Multiple Sclerosis Lesions from Baseline FLAIR MRI

    Oct 27, 2026Maryam Akhavan Aghdam, Sudip Mittal, Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz +1Spatiotemporal ForecastingLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  2. CPVB-RG: Cross-Prior Visual Bridging for Prior-Aware Chest X-Ray Report Generation

    Oct 20, 2026Sike Xiang, Shuang Chen, Julie Cox +1Radiology Report GenerationMedical VLMs

  3. LGGS: Longitudinal MRI Reconstruction via Guided Group Sparsity

    Oct 15, 2026Nikola Janjušević, Hersh Chandarana, Yao Wang +1Accelerated MRI ReconstructionLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  4. Registration is a Representation Problem: Solving Whole-Body PET/CT Registration

    Oct 13, 2026Neel Dey, Adrian V. DalcaMedical Image RegistrationDeformable Image Registration

  5. NoduleFlow: Automatic 3D Lung Nodule Detection and Segmentation

    Oct 12, 2026Giulia Romoli, Filippo Ruffini, Francesco Di Feola +3Lung Nodule DetectionMedical Image Segmentation

  6. Explicitly Aligned Multi-View Breast Cancer Risk Prediction from Variable-Length Screening Histories

    Oct 12, 2026Solveig Thrun, Zijun Sun, Suaiba A. Salahuddin +5Breast CancerMammography

  7. Patient, Place, Prior (P3^3): What Counts as Personalization in Medical World Models?

    Oct 6, 2026Xingrui Gu, Hanxue Gu, Yuxiang Zhang +1Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisPredictive Representation Learning

  8. STRIDE: Spatial-Temporal Representation for Interval-conditioned Disease Evolution in Longitudinal Glioblastoma MRI

    Oct 2, 2026Wenhao Guo, Changchang Yin, Pierre Giglio +3Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisMedical Image Representation Learning

  9. Deep Learning for Longitudinal Medical Imaging: A Scoping Review

    Sep 29, 2026Francesca Mussa, Divyanshu Tak, Atlas H. Avval +5Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisMedical Image Classification

  10. RT-Super: Learning Tumor Segmentation from Longitudinal Images and Reports

    Sep 28, 2026Pedro R. A. S. Bassi, Wenxuan Li, Hanxue Gu +11Weakly Supervised Image SegmentationLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  11. Clinical Trajectory Alignment for Medical Vision-Language Pre-training

    Sep 28, 2026Huimin Yan, Xian Yang, Zhi Wang +1Multimodal PretrainingLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  12. Foundation model embeddings capture pre-diagnostic changes on screening mammograms

    Sep 22, 2026Kalina P. Slavkova, Eric Brattain, Aditya Gowd +6Breast CancerMedical Imaging Foundation Models

  13. Mammo-LIFE: Longitudinal Mammographic Imaging and Clinical Feature Enrichment for Post-Radiotherapy Outcome Prediction

    Sep 22, 2026Farnoush Bayatmakou, Maryam Hosseini, Reza Taleei +1Clinical Outcome PredictionLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  14. Forecasting Brain Tracer Distribution from Pre-Contrast MRI: A Comparison of Direct Regression and Flow Matching

    Sep 17, 2026Qinghui Liu, Jon André Ottesen, Thu Nguyen +6Brain MRILongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  15. MUMINS: Metadata-conditioned Uncertainty-aware Medical Image Next-state Synthesis

    Sep 15, 2026Anna Oliveras, Roger Marí, Rafael Redondo +7Medical Image AnalysisLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  16. Temporally Consistent Graph Extraction and Matching for Longitudinal Angiographic Images

    Sep 15, 2026Linus Kreitner, Laurin Lux, Carmen Baumann +2Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisGraph Matching

  17. Reverse Spatio-Temporal Disease Progression Modelling

    Sep 13, 2026Ulugbek Shernazarov, Moucheng Xu, Inomjon RamatovDisease Progression ModelingLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  18. Self-supervised Pre-training Helps Retinal Disease Progression Modelling Most When Data Is Scarce

    Sep 11, 2026Ifeoma Veronica Nwabufo, Julius Gervelmeyer, Sarah Müller +1Self-Supervised Pre-TrainingLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  19. Brain-PACE: A Deep Siamese MRI Framework for Modelling Longitudinal Brain Acceleration

    Sep 10, 2026Samuel Maddox, Jacob Newman, Saber Sami +4Alzheimer's DiseaseBrain Age Prediction

  20. Longitudinal tracking of multiple sclerosis lesions in the spinal cord: A validation study

    Sep 8, 2026Pierre-Louis Benveniste, Julian McGinnis, Shannon Kolind +11Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisNeuroimaging

  21. Tensor-based Brain Surface Modeling and Analysis

    Sep 3, 2026Moo K. Chung, Keith J. Worsley, Steve Robbins +1Medical Image AnalysisLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  22. BrainDiff: Longitudinal Report Generation for Multimodal Brain MRI

    Sep 1, 2026Krish Patel, Peirong LiuRadiology Report GenerationLongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  23. CheXGround: Anatomical Region Tokens for Grounded Longitudinal Chest X-ray Interpretation

    Aug 31, 2026Adonay Demewez Gebremedhin, Wessam Shehieb, Sara Alansari +4Radiology Report GenerationRadiology VLMs

  24. LUTSeg: A Longitudinal Multi-Expert Dataset for Ulcer Tissue Segmentation

    Aug 26, 2026Karen Sanchez, Carlos Hinojosa, Albert A. Ávila +5Medical Image SegmentationSemi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

  25. An integrated diffusion-weighted imaging processing and interpretation platform for MR-guided radiotherapy

    Aug 20, 2026Yunxiang Li, Yan Dai, Yen-Peng Liao +3Diffusion MRILongitudinal Medical Image Analysis

  26. CFB-GBM v2.0: An Augmented Longitudinal Dataset for Multi-Modal Glioblastoma Segmentation, Radiomics, and RANO Progression Tracking

    Aug 18, 2026Alexandre G. Leclercq, Noémie N. Moreau, Hugo Audebert +21Medical Image BenchmarksBrain Tumor Segmentation