Medical Imaging

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Overview

Medical imaging research develops methods to extract useful information from X-rays, CT, MRI, ultrasound, PET, endoscopy, and other clinical images. Common approaches include segmentation and detection networks, self-supervised and foundation-model pretraining, multimodal vision-language systems, and physics-based methods for image reconstruction and registration. These tools aim to support tasks such as finding lesions, measuring anatomy, generating reports, and guiding procedures, often with limited labels or privacy constraints. A central challenge is ensuring that performance generalizes across hospitals, scanners, and patient groups while providing reliable evidence for clinical decisions.

Latest papers

CardsList

255 papers18 papers in the last four weeks, down 38% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. NRGS-SLAM: Monocular Non-Rigid SLAM for Endoscopy via Deformation-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting

    Feb 19, 2026Jiwei Shan, Zeyu Cai, Yirui Li +5Visual SLAM3DGS SLAM

    Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering and T Stone Robotics Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. · School of Automation and Intelligent Sensing, the State Key Laboratory of Avionics Integration and Aviation System of-Systems Synthesis, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location Based Services, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

  2. Optical Inversion and Spectral Unmixing of Spectroscopic Photoacoustic Images with Physics-Informed Neural Networks

    Feb 18, 2026Sarkis Ter Martirosyan, Xinyue Huang, David Qin +2Spectral UnmixingPhotoacoustic Tomography

    School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States · Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany · Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, 80333 München, Germany +1

  3. Foundation Models for Medical Imaging: Status, Challenges, and Directions

    Feb 17, 2026Chuang Niu, Pengwei Wu, Bruno De Man +1Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Imaging

    Biomedical Imaging Center, Center for Computational Innovations, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA · GE HealthCare Technology & Innovation Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA

  4. Vascular anatomy-aware self-supervised pre-training for X-ray angiogram analysis

    Feb 12, 2026De-Xing Huang, Chaohui Yu, Xiao-Hu Zhou +8Medical Image Representation LearningMedical Imaging

    State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China · DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou 310023, China +2

  5. Reliable Mislabel Detection for Video Capsule Endoscopy Data

    Feb 6, 2026Julia Werner, Julius Oexle, Oliver Bause +5EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    Embedded Systems University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany · Department of Medicine I University Hospital Dresden TU Dresden, Germany

  6. Score-based diffusion models for severely ill-posed problems in diffuse optical tomography

    Feb 3, 2026Fabian Schneider, Meghdoot Mozumder, Konstantin Tamarov +4Medical ImagingBayesian Inverse Problems

    Department of Computational Engineering, School of Engineering Science LUT University, Finland. · Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing, TU Wien, Austria. · Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Finland. +1

  7. RadJEPA: Radiology Encoder for Chest X-Rays via Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture

    Jan 22, 2026Anas Anwarul Haq Khan, Mariam Husain, Pratik Jalan +1Radiology Report GenerationMedical Imaging

    Department of Computer Science (CSE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA +1

  8. VERIDAH: Solving Enumeration Anomaly Aware Vertebra Labeling across Imaging Sequences

    Jan 20, 2026Hendrik Möller, Hanna Schoen, Robert Graf +14Medical ImagingAnomaly Detection

    Department for Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology, TUM University Hospital · Chair for AI in Healthcare and Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) · Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center +8

  9. EndoUFM: Utilizing Foundation Models for Monocular depth estimation of endoscopic images

    Aug 25, 2025Xinning Yao, Bo Liu, Bojian Li +3Medical ImagingMonocular Depth Estimation

    Image Processing Center, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. · State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Reusable Aerospace Transportation Technology, Beijing 102206, China.

  10. EndoCogniAgent: Closed-Loop Agentic Reasoning with Self-Consistency Validation for Endoscopic Diagnosis

    Aug 10, 2025Yi Tang, Kai-Ni Wang, Liang-Peng Pu +3EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China · Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China · State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China +2

  11. PanoDiff-SR: Synthesizing Dental Panoramic Radiographs using Diffusion and Super-resolution

    Jul 12, 2025Sanyam Jain, Bruna Neves de Freitas, Andreas Basse-OConnor +2Medical Image SynthesisMedical Imaging

    Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark · Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark · Department of Mathematics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark +1

  12. MSA-UNet3+: Multi-Scale Attention UNet3+ with New Supervised Prototypical Contrastive Loss for Coronary DSA Image Segmentation

    Apr 7, 2025Rayan Merghani Ahmed, Adnan Iltaf, Mohamed Elmanna +5Contrastive LearningMedical Imaging

    Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 101408, China · Department of Biomedical Engineering and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt +2

  13. Interpretable Retinal Disease Prediction Using Biology-Informed Heterogeneous Graph Representations

    Feb 23, 2025Laurin Lux, Alexander H. Berger, Maria Romeo Tricas +8Medical ImagingDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany · School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany · School of Computation, Information and Technology, TUM, Munich, Germany

  14. 3D Vessel Reconstruction from Sparse-View Dynamic DSA Images via Vessel Probability Guided Attenuation Learning

    May 17, 2024Zhentao Liu, Huangxuan Zhao, Wenhui Qin +7Medical ImagingNeural Rendering

    School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China · National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China · School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China +1

  15. Precise localization within the GI tract by combining classification of CNNs and time-series analysis of HMMs

    Oct 11, 2023Julia Werner, Christoph Gerum, Moritz Reiber +2EndoscopyMedical Imaging

    Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Germany. · Department of Mathematics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.