Oncology

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8 papers in the last four weeks, down 50% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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Latest papers 212

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Cross-Stage Attention Multi-Expert Network for Radiologist-Inspired Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis
May 25, 2026Xinyang Zhai, Chong Yang, Ruizhi ZhangMixture of Experts Medical Image Classification
Multimodality Stacking with Blockwise missing values and application to the PIONeeR biomarkers study for prediction of resistance to immunotherapy
May 24, 2026Mohamed Boussena, Florence Monville, Jacques Fieschi-Meric +8Missing-Modality Learning Cancer Survival Prediction
Inria – Inserm team COMPO, COMPutational pharmacology and clinical Oncology, Centre Inria Sophia Antipolis - M´editerran´ee, Centre de Recherches en Canc´erologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Pharmacy faculty, Aix-Marseille University · Veracyte SAS, Marseille, France · Assistance Publique-Hˆopitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille, France +4
ConceptM $^3$ oE: Concept-Guided Multimodal Mixture of Experts for Interpretable Computational Pathology
May 23, 2026Xuan Wang, Zhongling Xu, Gopi Kannedhara +13Computational Pathology Concept Bottleneck Models
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA · University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA · Dell Children’s Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA +2
Exploiting Longitudinal Context in Clinician-Verified Interactive Lesion Tracking
May 22, 2026Yannick Kirchhoff, Maximilian Rokuss, Daniel Philipp Mertens +5Interactive Medical Image Segmentation Medical Imaging
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Image Computing, Germany · Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Germany · HIDSS4Health – Helmholtz Information and Data Science School for Health, Karlsruhe/Heidelberg, Germany +3
ProtoPathway: Biologically Structured Prototype-Pathway Fusion for Multimodal Cancer Survival Prediction
May 20, 2026Amaya Gallagher-Syed, Costantino Pitzalis, Myles J. Lewis +2Cancer Survival Prediction Oncology
Queen Mary University of London
HDMoE: A Hierarchical Decoupling-Fusion Mixture-of-Experts Framework for Multimodal Cancer Survival Prediction
May 20, 2026Huayi Wang, Haochao Ying, Yuyang Xu +5Cancer Survival Prediction Survival Analysis
Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China · Xinjiang University Urumqi, China · Hangzhou City University Hangzhou, China +1
Training distribution determines the ceiling of drug-blind cancer sensitivity prediction
May 20, 2026Taekyung HeoTraining Data Selection Clinical Prediction
Beyond Morphology: Quantifying the Diagnostic Power of Color Features in Cancer Classification
May 18, 2026Farnaz Kheiri, Shahryar Rahnamayan, Masoud MakrehchiComputational Pathology Oncology
Dept. of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa, Ontario, Canada · Dept. of Engineering Brock University St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
UCSF-PDGM-VQA: Visual Question Answering dataset for brain tumor MRI interpretation
May 16, 2026Shiv Ghosh, Junayd Lateef, Chih-Hua Liu +3VLM Evaluation Medical VQA
Fung Institute for Engineering Leadership University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94709 · Department of Radiology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA 94158 · Department of Radiology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA 94143 +1
Diffusion Attention Expert Model for Predicting and Semi-automatic Localizing STAS in Lung Cancer Histopathological Images
May 15, 2026Liangrui Pan, Jiadi Luo, Yuxuan Xiao +13Computational Pathology Oncology
College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China · Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China · Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China +8
Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer from CT Baseline Using Multi-Loss Deep Learning
May 14, 2026Francesco Pastori, Francesca Fati, Marina Rosanu +8Clinical Outcome Prediction Oncology
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IEO, IRCCS, Milan, Italy · Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy · Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA +2
Learning to Optimize Radiotherapy Plans via Fluence Maps Diffusion Model Generation and LSTM-based Optimization
May 13, 2026Isabella Poles, Simon Arberet, Riqiang Gao +5Learning to Optimize Oncology
Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy · Digital Technology and Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, NJ, USA · Digital Technology and Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany
Uncertainty-Aware Prediction of Lung Tumor Growth from Sparse Longitudinal CT Data via Bayesian Physics-Informed Neural Networks
May 13, 2026Lingfei Kong, Haoran MaMedical Image Analysis Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA · John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
Machine Learning-Driven Multimodal Spectroscopic Liquid Biopsy for Early Multicancer Detection
May 13, 2026Alejandro Leonardo García Navarro, Javier Cachón Ortiz, Javier González Colsa +2Multimodal Classification Oncology
Signal Processing Group Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute Madrid, Spain · Amber Health Solutions Madrid, Spain
Prediction of Rectal Cancer Regrowth from Longitudinal Endoscopy
May 13, 2026Jorge Tapias Gomez, Despoina Kanata, Aneesh Rangnekar +8Endoscopy Medical Image Analysis
School of Computer Science, Cornell University and Cornell Tech, New York, NY · Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY · Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY +3
Attention-Based Multimodal Survival Prediction with Cross-Modal Bilinear Fusion
May 12, 2026Hassan Keshvarikhojasteh, Josien P. W. Pluim, Mitko VetaRepresentation Learning Cancer Survival Prediction
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
RadThinking: A Dataset for Longitudinal Clinical Reasoning in Radiology
May 11, 2026Wenxuan Li, Pedro R. A. S. Bassi, Xinze Zhou +3Healthcare Medical VQA
Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University · Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel · Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Predictive Radiomics for Evaluation of Cancer Immune SignaturE in Glioblastoma: the PRECISE-GBM study
May 11, 2026Prajwal Ghimire, Junjie Li, Liu Yaou +2Clinical Prediction Oncology
School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, UK · Department of Neurosurgery, King’s College Hospital, London, UK · Department of Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China +1
Can Language Models Identify Side Effects of Breast Cancer Radiation Treatments?
May 8, 2026Natalie Seah, Danielle S. Bitterman, Daphna Spiegel +1Breast Cancer Healthcare
University of Virginia · Mass General Brigham, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
Graph neural network explanations reveal a topological signature of disease-associated hubs in biological networks
May 8, 2026Kyle Higgins, Ivan Laponogov, Dennis Veselkov +1Cancer Genomics Feature Attribution
1Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. · Department of Computing, Imperial College London, U.K. · Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
PPI-Net connects molecular protein interactions to functional processes in disease
May 8, 2026Kyle Higgins, Guadalupe Gonzalez, Dennis Veselkov +2Cancer Genomics Graph Neural Networks
Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. · Prescient Design, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA. · Department of Computing, Imperial College London, U.K.
Multimodal Stepwise Clinically-Guided Attention Learning for Pathological Complete Response Prediction in Breast Cancer
May 8, 2026Alice Natalina Caragliano, Valerio Guarrasi, Michela Gravina +2Breast Cancer Clinical Outcome Prediction
Unit of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Systems, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy · Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy · Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Overcoming data scarcity through multi-center federated learning for organs-at-risk segmentation in pediatric upper abdominal radiotherapy
May 7, 2026Mianyong Ding, Maximilian Knoll, Semi Harrabi +7Medical Image Segmentation Oncology
Department of Radiation Oncology, Imaging and Cancer Division, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands · University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Centre (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany · Princess Máxima Centre for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands +3
Forecasting Oncology Demand Trends with Boosting-Based Bayesian Conjugate Models
May 6, 2026Ademir Batista dos Santos Neto, Tiago Alessandro Espinola Ferreira, Paulo Renato Alves FirminoBayesian Inference Time Series Forecasting
A Breast Vision Pathology Foundation Model for Real-world Clinical Utility
May 6, 2026Yingxue Xu, Zhengyu Zhang, Xiuming Zhang +32Healthcare Clinical Decision Support
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China +18
Atomic Fact-Checking Increases Clinician Trust in Large Language Model Recommendations for Oncology Decision Support: A Randomized Controlled Trial
May 5, 2026Lisa C. Adams, Linus Marx, Erik Thiele Orberg +8Healthcare Clinical Decision Support
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, TUM University Hospital Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany · Department of Radiation Oncology, TUM University Hospital Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany · Department of Internal Medicine III: Hematology and Clinical Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany +4
Biological Spatial Priors Regularize Foundation Model Representations for Cross-Site MSI Generalization in Colorectal Cancer
May 4, 2026Dasari Naga RajuSpatial Generalization Pathology Foundation Models
Validation of an AI-based end-to-end model for prostate pathology using long-term archived routine samples
May 4, 2026Xiaoyi Ji, Renata Zelic, Oskar Aspegren +11Computational Pathology Domain Generalization
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden · Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden · Department of Pelvic Cancer, Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden +8
Recurrent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Chemotherapy Control under Partial Observability
May 4, 2026Firas Mohamed Elamine Kiram, Imane Youkana, Rachida Saouli +2Reinforcement Learning Healthcare
Dept. of Information Engineering University of Padova Padova, Italy · LINFI Lab, Dept. of Computer Science University of Biskra Biskra, Algeria
Exploring Prompt Alignment with Clinical Factors in Zero-Shot Segmentation VLMs for NSCLC Tumor Segmentation
May 2, 2026Suraj Pai, Thibault Heintz, Cosmin Ciausu +3VLM Robustness Image Segmentation
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, USA

May 25, 2026, cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Cross-Stage Attention Multi-Expert Network for Radiologist-Inspired Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis

Xinyang Zhai, Chong Yang, Ruizhi Zhang

Mixture of Experts Medical Image Classification Ultrasound Imaging Oncology Attention Mechanisms

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Breast ultrasound imaging is an important noninvasive method for early breast cancer diagnosis, but automatic benign/malignant classification remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity, blurred boundaries, and data imbalance. To improve feature representation and classification accuracy, this paper proposes the Cross-Stage Attention Mixture-of-Experts Network (CSA-MoE-Net). It adopts a Cross-Stage Attention-enhanced ResNet-18 as the backbone, in which the Cross-Stage Attention module adaptively recalibrates multi-level features, thereby enhancing key tumor features and suppressing redundancy. A three-branch Mixture of Experts (MoE) Block learns complementary features from the Whole Tumor Image, Tumor Core, and Boundary, and an Adaptive Gating Network fuses them to capture morphological, textural, and contextual information. The fused features are denoted as Fused Expert Feature (FEF) in the architecture. Experiments on a balanced dataset of 2,129 breast ultrasound images show that, averaged over 20 independent runs, the model achieves an accuracy of 96.33%, precision of 94.09%, recall of 98.53%, F1-score of 96.25%, and AUC of 99.50%. Compared to the baseline ResNet-18, these metrics improve by 3.01, 0.70, 5.37, 2.98, and 5.42 percentage points, respectively. The proposed mechanism requires no invasive modification and can be seamlessly embedded into VGG-16, DenseNet-121, etc., yielding stable performance gains, thus providing reliable support for computer-aided diagnosis.

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