Clinical Outcome Prediction

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18 papers in the last four weeks, up 157% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Natural Language Processing Psychometrics
Aug 7, 2026Edoardo Sebastiano De Duro, Emma Franchino, Massimo StellaClinical Outcome Prediction Psychometric Validation
CogNoscoLab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
Longitudinal 3D Foundation Modeling for Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer Response Prediction from Serial DCE-MRI
Aug 7, 2026Fidel Omar Tito Cruz, Neda Ghafouri, Zengyan Wang +3Breast Cancer Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
MetaboLLM: a metabolomics-specialized large language model for biochemical knowledge integration and predictive metabolite graph construction
Aug 6, 2026Dohyun Ku, Min Gu Kwak, Francisco J. Pasquel +1LLM Fine-Tuning Clinical Outcome Prediction
H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA · Capital One, NY · Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
THBKG: A Temporal Biomedical Knowledge Graph for Decision-Aligned Clinical Advancement Prediction
Aug 6, 2026Pui Chung Siu, Claudia Cabrera, Mani Mudaliar +1KG Construction Clinical Outcome Prediction
Recursion Pharmaceuticals Inc. Salt Lake City, UT, USA · Queen Mary University of London Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry London, United Kingdom
MiGHT-EHR: A Multi-task Graph Transformer for Heterogeneous Temporal Electronic Health Records
Aug 5, 2026Anirudh Rayas, Yuan Wang, Pavan TuragaHeterogeneous GNNs Clinical Decision Support
Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA · University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
From Continuous Predictors to Clinical Thresholds: Early Evidence on Performance Trade-offs of Guideline-Based Categorisation for Ischaemic Stroke Outcome Prediction
Aug 5, 2026Esra Zihni, Katryna Cisek, Hamzah Ziadeh +3Interpretable ML Clinical Outcome Prediction
Artificial Intelligence in Digital Health and Medicine, Technological University Dublin, Ireland · Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark · International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia +2
Patients-like-me: A Variational LM--GNN Framework for Explainable Clinical Prediction
Aug 4, 2026Xinyu Wang, Yixuan Li, Hanwei Wu +4Graph Neural Networks Clinical Outcome Prediction
1McGill University · 2Université de Montréal · 3Georgia State University +1
A Comparative Study of Feature Selection Methods for EHR Diagnosis Codes in Opioid Use Disorder Prediction
Aug 4, 2026Zihan Ding, Yinan Liu, Tengfei Ma +6Clinical Outcome Prediction Feature Selection
Stony Brook University · Rutgers University · University of Vermont
FedCARE: A Multi-Objective Personalised Federated Learning Framework for Smart Healthcare
Aug 4, 2026Rojalini Tripathy, Padmalochan Bera, Shreya Ghosh +1Clinical Outcome Prediction Federated Learning
Quantum Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (qCLOUDS) Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia · Department of Computer Science School of Electrical and Computer Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Spatial proteomics guided by H&E-based AI reveals recurrence-risk niches in triple-negative breast cancer
Aug 4, 2026Yesung Cho, Ji Hwan Park, Chanil Kim +27Breast Cancer Computational Pathology
OmixAI Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea · Meteor Biotech Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea · Oncocross Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea +4
Federated generative event models for tokenized electronic health records
Aug 3, 2026Michael C. Burkhart, Luke Solo, Inhyeok Lee +8Clinical Outcome Prediction Generative Modeling
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA · Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
What Is Missing in Surgical Risk Stratification and Outcome Prediction: A Scoping Review of End-to-End Machine Learning Approaches
Jul 31, 2026Yizhi Dong, Yuhe Ke, Hairil Rizal Abdullah +4Clinical Outcome Prediction Clinical Risk Prediction
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549 · Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608 · Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857 +5
Empirical investigation of 3D CT Foundation Models and Unsupervised Adaptation for Head and Neck Cancer Recurrence Prediction
Jul 29, 2026Bilel Guetarni, Feryal Windal, David Pasquier +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
University of Lille, CRISTAL UMR CNRS 9189, France · Junia, Lille, France · UMR 8520, CNRS, France +4
Comparing the Performance of Foundation Model Derived Embeddings with Traditional Approaches for Distant Metastasis Prediction in Head and Neck Cancer
Jul 28, 2026Erich Schmitz, Meixu Chen, Bowen Jing +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Clinical Outcome Prediction
Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) and Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
Multi-Phonation Graph Learning with Self-Supervised Speech Embeddings for ALS Detection and Progression Prediction
Jul 28, 2026Behrad TaghiBeyglou, Fatemeh Bagheri, Ervin SejdicGraph Representation Learning Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada · North York General Hospital, Canada
Harmonized Interpretable ECG Waveform Features for Robust Cross-Dataset Clinical Prediction
Jul 26, 2026Jie Lin, Weijie Sun, Sunil V. Kalmady +4Electrocardiography Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Information Management, National Taiwan University, Taiwan · Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Canada · Canadian VIGOUR Center, University of Alberta, Canada +2
Metamorphic Testing for Clinical ML Models: A Framework Proposal and Pilot Study
Jul 25, 2026Jie JW Wu, Feiyu E, Bo ChenMetamorphic Testing Clinical Outcome Prediction
Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI, USA
Dysphagia Risk Stratification in Head and Neck Cancer via Two-Stage PRO-Clinical Stacking
Jul 24, 2026Siyuan Zhao, Eric Ababio Anyimadu, Zachary G. Brumm +5Clinical Outcome Prediction Clinical Risk Prediction
Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA · Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA · Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA +1
Autoregressive EHR Foundation Models with Multimodal Inputs
Jul 24, 2026Yuxuan Liu, Joshua Placidi, Jinpei Han +3Clinical Outcome Prediction Multimodal Token Compression
Dept. of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom · UKRI Centres in AI for Health, United Kingdom · School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom +2
Predicting the Outcome of rTMS Depression Therapy using EEG Signals and CNN
Jul 24, 2026Wael Korani, Md Fahimul Kabir Chowdhury, Sadam AlQadi +3Mental Health Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Data science, University of North Texas, Texas, USA · Department of Computer Science, University of North Texas, Texas, USA · Department of Information science, University of North Texas, Texas, USA +1
SynPre-FL: Synthetic data-driven pretraining integrated Federated Learning training framework
Jul 21, 2026Akarsh K Nair, Muhammad Arifur Rahman, Nicholas Shopland +8Synthetic Data Pretraining Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Computer Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom · Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom · Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia +1
Calibrated Alzheimer's Conversion Risk in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Persistent Homology of Clinical Trajectories with Conformal Guarantees
Jul 20, 2026Navin BondadeClinical Outcome Prediction Alzheimer's Disease Classification
Institute of Health Informatics, University College London
A Temporal Machine Learning-Based Time-to-Event Model for Predicting ALS Progression and Healthcare Utilization
Jul 15, 2026Zongliang Yue, Qi Li, Terry Heiman-Patterson +3Event Time Prediction Survival Analysis
Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University Auburn, AL, USA
TRACE-PCa: Predicting Prostate Cancer Progression from Longitudinal MRI During Active Surveillance
Jul 15, 2026Hongye Zeng, Shreeram Athreya, Dingyuan Dai +4Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA · Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA · Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA +2
Understanding Structured Health Data through Interaction-Aware Mixture-of-Experts
Jul 14, 2026Ji Hwan Park, Ying Ding, Tianjin GuoMulti-View Learning Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA · School of Information, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA · Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
Imputation-free transformer learning enables robust Alzheimer's disease prediction and calibrated uncertainty quantification across heterogeneous clinical cohorts
Jul 13, 2026Christelle Schneuwly Diaz, Narmina Baghirova, Duy-Thanh Vu +4Missing-Modality Learning Learning with Missing Data
Platform of Bioinformatics, Lausanne University Hospital. · Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne. · 3Leenaards Memory Centre, Lausanne University Hospital. +1
NeuroECG: ECGFounder-Based Deep ECG Representation for EEG-Free Neurological Prognostication After Cardiac Arrest
Jul 13, 2026Jiajun Gao, Yi Zhao, Chenyang Xu +2Representation Learning Healthcare
School of Economics and Management Xidian University Xi’an, China · School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an, China · School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University Xi’an, China +1
Artificial Intelligence Across the Cardiac Amyloidosis Diagnostic Pathway: From Single-Modality Detection to Multimodal Clinical Integration
Jul 10, 2026Diana Shadibaeva, Rochak Dhakal, Kui Zhang +3Medical Diagnosis Clinical Outcome Prediction
Department of Applied Computing, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA · Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA · Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL +3
A Personalized Computational Framework for Assessing the Sufficiency of Partially Observed Data in Healthcare AI models
Jul 10, 2026Qingchu Jin, Felistas Mazhude, Jamie B. Rabb +3Learning with Missing Data Clinical Outcome Prediction
Roux Institute, Northeastern University, ME USA · MaineHealth Institute for Research, ME USA · MaineHealth, ME USA +3
Progression as Latent Drift: Generative Forecasting of Slow-Evolving Pathologies
Jul 9, 2026Yuxiang Feng, Juncheng Wang, Chao Xu +7Latent Dynamics Modeling Longitudinal Medical Image Analysis
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · IROOTECH TECHNOLOGY, China · The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China +1

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Natural Language Processing Psychometrics

Edoardo Sebastiano De Duro, Emma Franchino, Massimo Stella

CogNoscoLab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy

Clinical Outcome Prediction Psychometric Validation Computational Psycholinguistics Clinical NLP

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Natural Language Processing (NLP) models predicting mental health outcomes rarely specify what they measure: contextual knowledge, emotional content, or syntactic structure. NLP Psychometrics treats psychological prediction from text as a psychometric problem, linking scores to interpretable linguistic evidence and testing beyond the training text format. Nine LLMs, conditioned on controlled personas (cognitive digital shadows), completed psychometric questionnaires with textual explanations per item. We extracted emotional profiles and syntactic-semantic structure via textual forma mentis networks, combined with personality and sociodemographic variables in ablated random forest (RF) regressors, using SHAP to identify which features drove performance and in which direction. Full RF models explained up to 70.8% of variance in life satisfaction (SWLS), 55.7% in depression (PHQ-9), and, for DASS-21, 68.5% depression, 76.0% anxiety, 72.4% stress. Sociodemographics alone explained no meaningful variance in depression, anxiety, or stress, but did so for life satisfaction, where emotion features and income were the strongest predictors; neuroticism and network topology instead dominated depression and anxiety, reversing direction between them. Without retraining, RF models separated diaries from low- and high-score personas (

r

up to 0.91) and, using only network/emotion features, classified clinical from control participants in real transcripts with up to 68% accuracy. These results show the promise and limits of synthetic data: LLM personas can expose model biases, recover patterns consistent with clinical rumination, and support psychometric prediction from human text without a matched questionnaire, but cannot substitute for human validation. NLP Psychometrics makes these distinctions explicit, measurable, and testable through interpretable AI and network/emotional features.

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