Large Language Models

Follow this field Ask about this field

Recent momentum

emerging

0 papers in the last 28 days · 0.0% of indexed attention

Twelve weeks of publication activity for this topic as it is defined today.

Weekly history

Recent digests

What was published in this field, kept on the site without email delivery.

Period ending 2026-09-21

21 new papers

A weekly snapshot of new work published in Large Language Models.

Period ending 2026-09-14

22 new papers

A weekly snapshot of new work published in Large Language Models.

Period ending 2026-09-07

36 new papers

A weekly snapshot of new work published in Large Language Models.

Inside this field

Focused directions

Focused topic

Large Language

Within Large Language Models

417 papersExplore

Focused topic

Large Language Model Performance

Within Large Language Models

260 papersExplore

Focused topic

Large Language Models(Llms

Within Large Language Models

85 papersExplore

Focused topic

Large Language Model Output

Within Large Language Models

60 papersExplore

Focused topic

Large Language Model Calls

Within Large Language Models

49 papersExplore

847 papers

Latest in Large Language Models

Browse all topics →

Pair-In, Pair-Out: Latent Multi-Token Prediction for Efficient LLMs
May 26, 2026Wenhui Tan, Minghao Li, Xiaoqian Ma +5Next-Token Prediction LLM Inference Efficiency
On the Hidden Costs of Counterfactual Knowledge Training in LLM Unlearning
May 26, 2026Xiaotian Ye, Xiaohan Wang, Mengqi Zhang +1Large Language Model Unlearning Counterfactual Learning
Large Language Model-Powered Query-Driven Event Timeline Summarization in Industrial Search
May 26, 2026Mingyue Wang, Xingyu Xie, Hang Yang +5Summarization Topic Modeling
Neuro-Symbolic Verification of LLM Outputs for Data-Sensitive Domains (extended preprint)
May 26, 2026Paul Sigloch, Christoph BenzmüllerLarge Language Model Hallucination Neuro-Symbolic Framework
AssertLLM2: A Comprehensive LLM Benchmark for Assertion Generation from Design Specifications
May 26, 2026Yuchao Wu, Wenji Fang, Jing Wang +3Systemverilog Assertions Test Generation
MemFail: Stress-Testing Failure Modes of LLM Memory Systems
May 26, 2026Ishir Garg, Neel Kolhe, Dawn Song +1Large Language Model Memory Large Language Model Performance
Why LLMs Hallucinate on Structured Knowledge: A Mechanistic Analysis of Reasoning over Linearized Representations
May 25, 2026Shanghao Li, Jinda Han, Yibo Wang +5Large Language Model Hallucination Hallucinations
Causal methods for LLM development and evaluation
May 25, 2026Dennis Frauen, Marie Brockschmidt, Konstantin Hess +10Large Language Model Evaluation Large Language
QUIET: A Multi-Blank Cascaded Story Cloze Benchmark for LLM Creative Generation Capability
May 25, 2026Bo Zou, Chao XuCreativity Large Language Model Evaluation
How Should LLMs Consume High-Quality Data? Optimal Data Scheduling via Quality-Aware Functional Scaling Laws
May 25, 2026Zhitao Zhu, Xili Wang, Shizhe Wu +2Large Models Large Language
A Tertiary Review of Large Language Model-Based Code Generating Tasks: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions
May 25, 2026Muslim Chochlov, Michael English, Jim BuckleyCode Generation Large Language
StructBreak: Structural Cognitive Overload-Induced Safety Failures in MLLMs
May 25, 2026Yang Luo, Xinran Liu, Tiantian Ji +3Large Language Model Safety Multi-Modal Large Language Models
Learning to Route Languages for Multilingual Policy Optimization
May 25, 2026Geyang Guo, Hiromi Wakaki, Yuki Mitsufuji +2Large Language Model Routing Cross-Lingual Transfer
Context-CoT: Enhancing Context Learning via High-Quality Reasoning Synthesis
May 25, 2026Hongbo Jin, Mingnan Zhu, Jingqi Tian +6Large Language Model Reasoning In-Context Learning
A general tensor-structured compression scheme for efficient large language models
May 25, 2026Ying Lu, Peng-Fei Zhou, Qi-Xuan Fang +3Large Language Model Compression Large Models
READER: Reasoning-Enhanced AI-Generated Text Detection
May 24, 2026Pingfan Su, Kai Ye, Shijin Gong +4Machine-Generated Text Detection Large Language Model Output
Large Language Model Selection with Limited Annotations
May 24, 2026Yavuz Durmazkeser, Patrik Okanovic, Andreas Kirsch +2Large Language Large Language Models(Llms
Repeated Sequences Reveal Gaps between Large Language Models and Natural Language
May 24, 2026Kumiko Tanaka-IshiiLarge Language Model Performance Fluency
Geo-Expert: Towards Expert-Level Geological Reasoning via Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning
May 24, 2026Chenyou Guo, Zongqi Liu, Yizhou Zhang +2Geological Semantic Understanding Large Language Model Reasoning
Who judges the judges? Governance from metrics: a runtime framework for continuous LLM compliance monitoring
May 23, 2026Jehanne DussertCompliance Artificial Intelligence Governance
How Many Tools Should an LLM Agent See? A Chance-Corrected Answer
May 23, 2026Vyzantinos Repantis, Ameya Gawde, Harshvardhan Singh +1Large Language Model Agents Tool
Summoning the Oracle to Slay It: Mitigating Look-Ahead Bias in Financial Backtesting with Large Language Models
May 23, 2026Weixian Waylon Li, Mengyu Wang, Tiejun MaFinance Domain Large Language Model Performance
Understanding Conversational Patterns in Multi-agent Programming: A Case Study on Fibonacci Game Development
May 22, 2026Srijita Basu, Viktor Kjellberg, Simin Sun +5Multi-Agent Systems Collaboration
Complete-muE: Optimal Hyperparameter Transfer and Scaling for MoE Models
May 22, 2026Hongwu Peng, Ohiremen Dibua, Yuanjun Xiong +3Mixture-of-Experts Models Large Language
It's the humans, not the data: Geopolitical bias in LLMs originates in post-training, amplified by the language of the prompt
May 22, 2026Stuart Bladon, Brinnae BentLarge Language Model Bias Ideology
HARNESS-LM: A Three-Phase Training Recipe for Harnessing SLMs in Sponsored Search Retrieval
May 22, 2026Vipul Gupta, Shikhar Mohan, Lakshya Kumar +4Small Language Models Large Language
ModeSwitch-LLM: A Lightweight Phase-Aware Controller for Cross-Mode LLM Inference on a Single GPU
May 21, 2026Aman Sunesh, Ali Alshehhi, Hivansh DhakneLLM Inference Efficiency Large Language Models(Llms
HawkesLLM: Semantic Uncertainty Propagation in Agentic Text Simulation
May 21, 2026Zewei Deng, Tinghan Ye, Liyan XieLarge Language Models(Llms Early Layers
Do Language Models Know What Not to Say? Causal Evidence for Statistical Preemption in LLMs
May 21, 2026Dongxin Guo, Jikun Wu, Siu Ming YiuLarge Language Model Performance Linguistics
$E^3$ -Agent: An Executable and Evolving Agent for Resource Management of Edge Generative Inference
May 21, 2026Rui Bao, Yaping Sun, Zhiyong Chen +4Self-Evolving Agents Generative Models
Skill Weaving: Efficient LLM Improvement via Modular Skillpacks
May 21, 2026Zhuo Li, Guodong Du, Zesheng Shi +5Large Language Weave
Cross-Lingual Consensus: Aligning Multilingual Cultural Knowledge via Multilingual Self-Consistency
May 21, 2026Andrew Ivan Soegeng, Patrick Sutanto, Tan Sang NguyenCross-Lingual Consistency Cultural Knowledge
PointLLM-R: Enhancing 3D Point Cloud Reasoning via Chain-of-Thought
May 21, 2026Chaoqi Chen, Qile Xu, Wenjun Zhou +13D Scene Understanding Certified Point-Cloud
Hallucination as Commitment Failure: Larger LLMs Misfire Despite Knowing the Answer
May 21, 2026Jewon Yeom, Jaewon Sok, Heejun Kim +3Large Language Model Hallucination Hallucinations
Check Your LLM's Secret Dictionary! Five Lines of Code Reveal What Your LLM Learned (Including What It Shouldn't Have)
May 21, 2026Hisashi MiyashitaLarge Language Singular Value Decomposition
Reasoning through Verifiable Forecast Actions: Consistency-Grounded RL for Financial LLMs
May 21, 2026Jialin Chen, Aosong Feng, Harshit Verma +7Load Forecasting Large Language Model Reasoning
Diagnosis Is Not Prescription: Linguistic Co-Adaptation Explains Patching Hazards in LLM Pipelines
May 21, 2026Yoon Jeonghun, Kim DongchanLarge Language Model Performance Large Language Model Pipelines
Planning in the LLM Era: Building for Reliability and Efficiency
May 21, 2026Michael Katz, Harsha Kokel, Kavitha Srinivas +1Large Language Model Planning Classical Planning
The Illusion of Reasoning: Exposing Evasive Data Contamination in LLMs via Zero-CoT Truncation
May 21, 2026Yifan Lan, Yuanpu Cao, Hanyu Wang +2Contamination Large Language Model Performance
Does Slightly Mean Somewhat? Measuring Vague Intensity Words in LLM Numeric Actions
May 20, 2026Daniel TabachLarge Language Model Output Intensity
Reflective Prompt Tuning through Language Model Function-Calling
May 20, 2026Farima Fatahi Bayat, Moin Aminnaseri, Pouya Pezeshkpour +1Prompt Tuning Instruction-Tuned Models
Benchmarking and Improving Monitors for Out-Of-Distribution Alignment Failure in LLMs
May 20, 2026Dylan Feng, Pragya Srivastava, Anca Dragan +1Large Language Model Safety Out-Of-Distribution Detection
Open-source LLMs administer maximum electric shocks in a Milgram-like obedience experiment
May 20, 2026Roland Pihlakas, Jan Llenzl DagohoyConformity Large Language
Tracing the ongoing emergence of human-like reasoning in Large Language Models
May 20, 2026Paolo Morosi, Nikoleta Pantelidou, Fritz Günther +2Large Language Model Reasoning Large Language Model Performance
GradeLegal: Automated Grading for German Legal Cases
May 20, 2026Abdullah Al Zubaer, Lorenz Wendlinger, Simon Alexander Nonn +2Grading Legal Domain
GraphRAG on Consumer Hardware: Benchmarking Local LLMs for Healthcare EHR Schema Retrieval
May 20, 2026Peter Fernandes, Ria KanjilalGraph-Based Retrieval Augmented Generation Electronic Health Records
Trusted Weights, Treacherous Optimizations? Optimization-Triggered Backdoor Attacks on LLMs
May 20, 2026Yifei Wang, Tianlin Li, Xiaohan Zhang +3Language Model Evasion Attacks Backdoor Attacks
Mechanics of Bias and Reasoning: Interpreting the Impact of Chain-of-Thought Prompting on Gender Bias in LLMs
May 19, 2026Edie Pearman, Sophia Osborne, Mira Kandlikar-Bloch +3Large Language Model Bias Gender Bias
Occupational Prompting Reveals Cultural Bias in Large Language Models
May 19, 2026Maksim E. Eren, Andrea Brennen, Ryan C. Barron +1Large Language Model Bias Cultural Knowledge
BalanceRAG: Joint Risk Calibration for Cascaded Retrieval-Augmented Generation
May 19, 2026Zijun Jia, Yuanchang Ye, Sen Jia +6Large Language Models(Llms Balance
Probing Embodied LLMs: When Higher Observation Fidelity Hurts Problem Solving
May 19, 2026Oussama Zenkri, Oliver BrockEmbodied Agents Large Language Model Performance
Can Large Language Models Reliably Correct Errors in Low-Resource ASR? A Contamination-Aware Case Study on West Frisian
May 19, 2026Yun Hao, Reihaneh Amooie, Wietse de Vries +2Low-Resource Languages Large Language Model Performance
Backtracking When It Strays: Mitigating Dual Exposure Biases in LLM Reasoning Distillation
May 19, 2026Bing Wang, Shaotian Yan, Chen Shen +7Large Language Model Reasoning Large Language Model Performance
OpenCompass: A Universal Evaluation Platform for Large Language Models
May 19, 2026Maosong Cao, Kai Chen, Haodong Duan +27Large Language Model Evaluation Evaluation Benchmarks
Can Large Language Models Revolutionize Survey Research? Experiments with Disaster Preparedness Responses
May 19, 2026Yan Wang, Ziyi Guo, Christopher McCartySurvey Large Language
Prompting language influences diagnostic reasoning and accuracy of large language models
May 18, 2026Adrien Bazoge, Josselin Corvellec, Sofiane Djillali Sid-Ahmed +1Large Language Model Performance Clinical Decision Support
Predictable Confabulations: Factual Recall by LLMs Scales with Model Size and Topic Frequency
May 18, 2026Matthew L. Smith, Jonathan P. Shock, Samuel T. Segun +2Large Language Model Performance Factual Recall
The Hidden Cost of Contextual Sycophancy: an AI Literacy Intervention in Human-AI Collaboration
May 18, 2026Cansu Koyuturk, Sabrina Guidotti, Dimitri OgnibeneArtificial Intelligence Literacy Sycophancy
Multilingual jailbreaking of LLMs using low-resource languages
May 18, 2026Dylan Marx, Marcel DunaiskiLarge Language Model Jailbreaks Multilingual Safety
How Good LLMs Are at Answering Bangla Medical Visual Questions? Dataset and Benchmarking
May 18, 2026Rafid Ahmed, Intesar Tahmid, Mir Sazzat Hossain +3Medical Visual Question Answering Bangla

May 26, 2026 · cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Pair-In, Pair-Out: Latent Multi-Token Prediction for Efficient LLMs

Wenhui Tan, Minghao Li, Xiaoqian Ma, Siqi Fan+4

Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China · AI Platform, Xiaohongshu Inc. · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Long chain-of-thought reasoning has made autoregressive decoding the dominant inference cost of modern large language models. Existing methods target either the input side (latent compression) or the output side (speculative decoding and multi-token prediction, MTP), but the two lines of work have been pursued independently. Moreover, output-side methods must incur an expensive verifier pass to validate the unreliable draft tokens predicted by MTP. To address these issues, we propose \textbf{Pair-In, Pair-Out (PIPO)}, which unifies both sides by viewing a latent compressor and an MTP head as mirror-image operations: the compressor folds two input tokens into one latent representation, while the MTP head unfolds one hidden state into one additional output token. To remove the verifier cost without sacrificing reliability, PIPO trains a lightweight confidence head that decides whether draft tokens should be accepted. We observe that On-Policy Distillation (OPD) naturally matches the rejection-sampling criterion of speculative decoding, so the confidence head can be trained alongside OPD with negligible extra cost. Experiments on AIME 2025, GPQA-Diamond, LiveCodeBench v6, and LongBench v2 with Qwen3.5-4B and 9B backbones show that PIPO improves pass@4 over regular decoding by up to

+7.15

points, while delivering up to

2.64\times

first-token-latency and

2.07\times

per-token-latency speedups. Project Page: GitHub.com/RedAI-Infra/PIPO.

Next-Token Prediction LLM Inference Efficiency Speculative Decoding Per-Token Latency Large Language Inference Cost Pair Programming

Open paper Ask about it PDF