LLM Decision-Making

LLM: Large Language Model

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28 papers in the last four weeks, up 460% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

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Type-Safe Is Not Error-Free: Typed Decision Models Follow the Option Name, Not the Definition Bound to It
Sep 22, 2026Yu Sun, Junhao Xu, Jiajia Shi +1LLM Decision-Making Structured Output Generation
Fudan University · University of Science and Technology of China
REFLEX with Jev for Efficient Selective Control in LLM Agents
Sep 22, 2026Tiantong Wu, Wei Yang Bryan LimLLM Inference Efficiency LLM Agent Evaluation
Nanyang Technological University Singapore
The Tasteful Agent: Measuring and Improving Taste in Long-Horizon Tasks
Sep 22, 2026Wenbo Pan, Zhichao Liu, Shujie Liu +6Software Engineering Benchmarks Long-Horizon Agent Evaluation
City University of Hong Kong · Microsoft · Independent Researcher
When LLM Agents Fail to Read the Room: ReAdapt for Relational Social Reasoning
Sep 21, 2026Jianzhe Lin, Xiaolin Li, Yunda Liu +2LLM Agent Evaluation Relational Reasoning
MetaAI · Work done at Meta
Jev for Scientific Decisions: Evaluating Semantic Choices and Their Consequences
Sep 21, 2026Boyuan Deng, Shuyi Fan, Hongyang Zhang +1AI-Assisted Scientific Research LLM Decision-Making
Johns Hopkins University · Columbia University · The Hong Kong Polytechnic University +1
this-that-model-1.0: A typed decision model that decides in 30 ms, for a millionth of a cent
Sep 20, 2026Zehua Cheng, Wei Dai, Jiahao SunOn-Device Language Model Inference LLM Decision-Making
University of Oxford
When Agents Disagree: Bayesian Backward Reasoning as a Label-Free Anchor for Multi-Agent Collective Decision-Making
Sep 12, 2026Ken Chen, Wei Wang, Sachith Seneviratne +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems Bayesian Inference
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia · Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Sri Lanka
When Does Defendant Statement Matter? A Study of Bias and Persuasion in LLM-Simulated Jurors
Sep 9, 2026Cho-Ying WuLegal Judgment Prediction Social Bias in Language Models
Bosch AI Research
Necessary or Sufficient? Evaluating LLM Explanations With Behavioural Evidence
Sep 4, 2026Urja Pawar, Rajitha Ramanayake, Nabeel Kemal +6Faithfulness of Language Model Explanations LLM Auditing
BNY
Epistemic Warrant for LLM Recommendations: Characterizing the Basis for Reliance When Ground Truth Is Unavailable
Sep 3, 2026Shai Vardi, João SedocLLM Reliability LLM Decision-Making
University of South Florida, Muma College of Business · New York University
Adapting to Evolving Requirements: Agentic AI for Retail Supply Chain Operations
Sep 3, 2026Lei Zheng, Liping Yang, Zihao Li +3LLM Agent Orchestration LLM Decision-Making
School of Business and Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China · Institute of Operations Research and Analytics, National University of Singapore +1
Accountable AI with Grounded, Faithful, Consistent, Actionable Rationales: A Case Study in Clinical Trial Matching with VERDICT
Sep 3, 2026Zikai Zhou, Yufei Jin, Yilin Xu +3AI Accountability LLM Decision-Making
Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA · Samueli Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA · Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA +1
Do LLMs Take Care of Their Own? Similarity Signals Can Induce Cooperation
Aug 12, 2026Akash Kundu, Emanuel Tewolde, Ratip Emin Berker +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems LLM Agent Evaluation
Cooperative AI Research Fellowship · Carnegie Mellon University · Foundations of Cooperative AI Lab (FOCAL)
Persuasive and Compliant Tendencies Predict Group Decision-Making in Humans and Language Models
Aug 8, 2026Wenwen He, Wenke Huang, Wei Yang Bryan Lim +1Multi-Agent LLM Systems Personality Modeling in Language Models
College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
The Authority Expectancy Effect in Multi-User Conflict
Aug 8, 2026Eunna LeeSocial Bias in Language Models LLM Decision-Making
Independent Researcher
When the Judge Should Not Decide: Evidence-Locked, Non-Compensatory Selection Bounds LLM-Judge Failure in Reasoning Pipelines
Aug 7, 2026Yiyao Zhang, Diksha Goel, Hussain Ahmad +2LLM-as-a-Judge LLM Reliability
School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia · CSIRO’s Data61, Clayton, VIC, Australia · School of Computer Science and Information Technology, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Evaluating Investment Logic in Large Language Models: A Real-World Benchmark Towards Personalzied Financial Agents
Aug 6, 2026Yuanhong Jiang, Jingjie Zou, Zhenghong Lin +4AI-Assisted Decision Making LLM Agent Evaluation
Seeing Is Not Deciding: Can Multimodal LLMs Act as Effective CEOs?
Aug 6, 2026Yuyang Dai, Xueqing Peng, Yuxia Wang +2Multimodal Grounding LLM Decision-Making
INSAIT, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bulgaria · Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE
EcoAgent-Bench: Evaluating Economic Decision-Making in Budget-Constrained LLM Agents
Aug 6, 2026Jie Wu, Ming Gong, Feixiang Cheng +1Computer-Use Agent Benchmarks Tool-Use Evaluation
Atlassian
EuroExec: Frontier Language Models Fall Short of Expert Judgment on European Executive Decision Tasks
Aug 5, 2026Pau Arnal, Khaled Denfir, Danylo Smahliuk +2Open-Ended Generation LLM Evaluation
Sovrano AI
When Policies Change Probabilities: Modular Decision-Making for LLM Code Review
Aug 2, 2026Rasvik Kudum, Max Corbett, Hitansh Paliwal +3LLM Evaluation LLM Decision-Making
Isotropy Cliffs: The Geometric Signature of Decision-Making in Large Language Models
Aug 1, 2026Okan S. Coskun, Florian Rottach, Carsten Eickhoff +1Multiple-Choice Question Answering LLM Decision-Making
University of Tubingen · The University of Texas at Austin
Bayesian and Motivated Reasoning in AI Agents
Jul 31, 2026Eddie YangLLM Decision-Making Agentic Reasoning
Purdue University
Guiding Large Language Models with Genetic Programming-Evolved Heuristic Knowledge for Dynamic Multi-Mode Project Scheduling
Jul 30, 2026Yuan Tian, Yi Mei, Mengjie ZhangLarge Language Model-Guided Optimization Combinatorial Optimization
Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence & School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
Scores Are Not Decisions: Cost-Aware Stopping for Tool Acquisition in LLM Agents
Jul 29, 2026Yicheng Feng, Yan Zhang, Yan Cheng +1Decision-Focused Learning Tool-Using Agents
School of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, Peking University · Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University · Business School, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics +1
Thinking Under Uncertainty: Evidence Use and Information-Seeking in Language Models
Jul 29, 2026Hua-Dong Xiong, Xinyuan Yan, Ji-An Li +3LLM Decision-Making LLM Uncertainty Estimation
School of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Georgia Tech · Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine · Department of Psychology, New York University +1
One More Turn, Less Regret: A Regret-Based Multi-Turn Benchmark for LLMs' Clarification Policies
Jul 23, 2026Minh Ngoc Ta, My Anh Tran Nguyen, Duong D. Nguyen +2LLM Evaluation Clarification Question Generation
MBZUAI · BKAI Research Center, Hanoi University of Science and Technology · INSAIT, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski"
Multi-Head Latent Control: A Unified Interface for LLM Agent Decision Making
Jul 15, 2026Amirhosein Ghasemabadi, Ruichen Chen, Bahador Rashidi +1Multi-Agent LLM Systems Language Model-Based Control
1ECE Department, University of Alberta · 2Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.
Can Induced Emotion Bias LLM Behaviors in Sequential Decision Making?
Jul 14, 2026Minh Khoi Ho, Zihao Zhu, Runchuan Zhu +4Sequential Decision Making LLM Decision-Making
MBZUAI · Texas A&M University · National University of Singapore +4
Behavioural Signatures of Risk-Sensitive Decision-Making in Large Language Models
Jul 11, 2026Xuankun Rong, Wenke Huang, Bo Du +2Personality Modeling in Language Models LLM Decision-Making
School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China · College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Sep 22, 2026, cs.AIJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Type-Safe Is Not Error-Free: Typed Decision Models Follow the Option Name, Not the Definition Bound to It

Yu Sun, Junhao Xu, Jiajia Shi, Zijin Yang

Fudan University · University of Science and Technology of China

LLM Decision-Making Structured Output Generation

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Typed decision models return structured results, but output-type correctness alone does not ensure that decisions follow explicit option definitions. Each option pairs a name with a definition that defines its intended meaning; the name, however, can provide a competing semantic cue. We study this conflict in Jev and two open-weight models by changing only the name-definition mapping, leaving the question, state, and the names and definition texts themselves unchanged. We measure decision flips at the level of the selected definition, rather than the returned name. On 1200 decision tasks with task-specific definitions, decision-flip rates are up to 70.4 pp higher with yes/no names than with the 0/1 control. This gap holds across all 4 binary decision rules. With yes/no names, reassignment also lowers their mean AUC from 93.8% to a below-chance 23.2%. In the binary evaluations, random strings used as option names yield mean flip rates close to those of neutral controls across all three models, with comparable balanced accuracy before reassignment. Together, these results support option-name polarity as a contributor to decision instability beyond reassignment alone. The type-error rate remains 0% throughout, showing that type-correct outputs can still fail to follow explicit option definitions.

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