Medical LLMs

LLM: Large Language Model

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26 papers in the last four weeks, up 160% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

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  1. The widening evaluation gap in medical large language model research 2023 to 2026

    Sep 11, 2026Raad Bin Tareaf, Murad Al-Rajab, Samia LoucifLLM EvaluationClinical Language Model Evaluation

    XU Exponential University of Applied Sciences, Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Cluster, Marlene-Dietrich-Allee 12B, 14482 Potsdam, Germany · College of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates · College of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

  2. Auditable Emergency Triage for Maternal and Newborn Care in India

    Sep 10, 2026Shobhit Jagga, Aman Dalmia, Niharika Priyadarshini +7HealthcareLLM Auditing

    Noora Health · The Agency Fund

  3. Automated Chest CT Protocol Selection via Large Language Model Derived Text Embeddings from Imaging Request Text

    Sep 7, 2026Zahra Hosseini, Mahan Pouromidi, Farzad Khalvati +1Medical ImagingClinical Decision Support

    Joint Department of Medical Imaging (JDMI), University Health Network – Toronto General Hospital, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada · Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada · Joint Department of Medical Imaging (JDMI), University Health Network – Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

  4. Perspectives on Cross-Lingual Consistency in LLMs for Medical Questions

    Sep 7, 2026Minh Duc Bui, Mario Sanz-Guerrero, Abteen Ebrahimi +4Multilingual QACross-Lingual Consistency in Language Models

    Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany · University of Colorado Boulder, USA · University of Marburg, Germany +1

  5. LLM4CKD: Large Language Models for Early Stage Chronic Kidney Disease Screening

    Sep 3, 2026Muhammad Ashad Kabir, Sirajam MuniraMedical DiagnosisIn-Context Learning

    School of Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Charles Sturt University NSW, Australia · Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute NY, USA

  6. Investigating the Ability of Large Language Models to Analyze Recipes for Diabetes

    Sep 3, 2026Revathy Venkataramanan, Aditya Luthra, Venkatesan Nadimuthu +1LLM EvaluationHealthcare

    AI Institute, University of South Carolina 1112 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29201 USA

  7. Dense Clinical Contrasts Enhance Medical Knowledge Updating in Large Language Models

    Aug 31, 2026Yangmin Huang, Shu Quan, He Geng +5Supervised Fine-TuningFactual Knowledge in Language Models

    Xunfei Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd. · USTC-Xunfei Healthcare Digital and Health Joint Laboratory

  8. Automatic Conversion of NICE Guidelines to an Executable Computational Model Using Large Language Models

    Aug 30, 2026Ashvin Gupta, Denys Prociuk, Alessandra Russo +1Clinical Decision SupportKnowledge Representation

    Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK · Department of Surgery and Cancer and I-­X/Digital Foundry, Imperial College London, London, UK

  9. A corpus-specific clinical RAG system matches or outperforms newer frontier LLMs on HealthBench

    Aug 12, 2026Praveen Reddy, Charuta Mandke, Suvrankar Datta +4Retrieval-Augmented GenerationLLM Grounding

  10. Rethinking LLM Verification: Evidence Structure, Uncertainty, and Selective Refinement

    Aug 11, 2026Uma Ranjan, Kunal Tilaganji, Aditya Koul +9LLM GroundingLLM Answer Verification

    Indian Institute of Technology Jammu · Microsoft Research · SCB Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack

  11. Locally Deployable Small Language Models for Emergency Department Decision Support: A Systematic Benchmark of Fine-Tuning Strategies

    Aug 10, 2026Qingfeng Zhang, Yuanxiong Guo, Yanmin GongLLM Fine-TuningClinical Decision Support

    The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX · Texas A&M University, Houston, TX

  12. TAF-MED: Multi-Turn Safety Refusal Collapse in LLMs Under Declared Self-Treatment Intent

    Aug 10, 2026Waleed Jamil, Raphael SchmittLLM Safety BenchmarksLLM Safety Evaluation

    1Independent Researcher, Edinburgh, United Kingdom · School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Germany · Institute of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany

  13. Coupled Graph--Policy Distillation for Personalized Medication Safety in Older Adults with Multimorbidity

    Aug 10, 2026Zihan Wang, Anglin Liu, Rongyi Wang +6Multi-Agent LLM SystemsHealthcare

    1Artificial Intelligence Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales · 3Medical Big Data Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University +2

  14. An Agentic Generative Large Language Model for Treatment Planning of Colorectal Cancer

    Aug 10, 2026Mengxian Lyu, Cheng Peng, Tim Jang +18Clinical Decision-MakingDomain Adaptation for LLMs

    Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. · Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA · University of Florida Health Cancer Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA +8

  15. From Manuals to Maintenance: Fine-Tuning MedGemma for Multi-Modal Imaging System Support in Low-Resource Settings

    Aug 9, 2026Bernes Lorier Atabonfack, Zion Kongbi Nfo, Ahmed Tahiru Issah +9LLM Fine-TuningDocument QA

    Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Kigali, Rwanda · IngenziAI, Kigali, Rwanda · Medical Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Lagos, Nigeria +5

  16. Scale-to-Dialogue: Low-Burden Elicitation of Daily Premenstrual Symptom Ratings with Small Language Models

    Aug 9, 2026Yifan WangMedical LLMs

    The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen)

  17. MetaboLLM: a metabolomics-specialized large language model for biochemical knowledge integration and predictive metabolite graph construction

    Aug 6, 2026Dohyun Ku, Min Gu Kwak, Francisco J. Pasquel +1LLM Fine-TuningClinical Outcome Prediction

    H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA · Capital One, NY · Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA

  18. Guideline-as-Oracle: Zero-Annotation Training of an Ophthalmic Telephone Triage Agent

    Aug 5, 2026Chenyu Wang, Yi Liu, Baoqing Li +2Supervised Fine-TuningClinical Triage

    Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory · ByteDance Inc.

  19. Quantization Effects on Biomedical LLM Reliability

    Aug 4, 2026Anton Rasmussen, Hong QinLLM QuantizationText Classification

    Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA 23529, USA

  20. MedPRESS: A Multi-turn Benchmark for Patient-Pressure-Induced Medical Sycophancy in LLMs

    Aug 3, 2026Saman Sarker Joy, Niloy FarhanLLM Safety BenchmarksLLM Sycophancy

    Universiti Malaya, Malaysia · BRAC University, Bangladesh

  21. Generative AI and Foundation Models in Medical Image

    Aug 3, 2026Masahiro OdaMedical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Image Synthesis

    Data Science Research Division, Information Technology Center, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. · Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.

  22. Why LLMs Give In: Conversational Factors and Reasoning Behind Medical Sycophancy

    Aug 2, 2026Kaike Ping, Buse Çarık, Caleb Wohn +3LLM SycophancyLanguage Modeling

    Virginia Tech · Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine · Emory University

  23. MedUPS: Towards Diagnostic Assistance in Uncommon Medical Cases with Large Language Models

    Aug 2, 2026Ofir Ben Shoham, Oriel Perets, Nir Grinberg +1LLM AlignmentClinical Decision Support

    Stein Faculty of Computer and Information Science Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

  24. Gaokerena: A Small Persian Medical Language Model Family

    Aug 2, 2026Mehrdad Ghassabi, Hamidreza Baradaran Kashani, Pedram Rostami +5RL for Language Model ReasoningSmall Language Models

    University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran · University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran · University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada +3

  25. Large language models improve physician accuracy but lead to false reliance

    Aug 1, 2026Tirtha Chanda, Christoph Wies, Franziska Schramm +10Retrieval-Augmented GenerationLLM Grounding

    Division of Digital Prevention, Diagnostics and Therapy Guidance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany · Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany · Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany +6

  26. TreeProbe : A Tibetan Medicine Benchmark for Cultural Bias in LLMs

    Aug 1, 2026Jin Zhang, Linyu Li, Weili Jiang +7Cultural Bias in Language ModelsLanguage Model Bias Evaluation

    University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · Peking University · Southwest Jiaotong University +1

  27. Bridging the English-Arabic Medical Knowledge Gap: Targeted Low-Rank Adaptation via Causal Layer Selection

    Jul 31, 2026Chaimae Abouzahir, Musa Khan, Hala Ali-Hassan +7LLM Fine-TuningLow-Rank Adaptation

    New York University Abu Dhabi · Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi

  28. The MADRS Pipeline: Supporting Depression Assessment in Clinical Trials

    Jul 30, 2026Mila Fodor, Katalin Ócsai, Francesco Periti +2Depression DetectionClinical Decision Support

    Clario, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific

  29. MedLLM: An Open Medical Language Model at the Sub-Billion Scale

    Jul 29, 2026Maxx Richard Rahman, Asim Ahmed, Mihan Mohagheghzadeh +1LLM Fine-TuningSmall Language Models

    German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany · Saarland University, Germany

  30. GuideSkill: Evolving Executable LLM Agent Skills for Guideline-Grounded Clinical Reasoning

    Jul 28, 2026Lang Cao, Yuhao Shen, Tianyang Luo +3Clinical Decision SupportLLM Agent Skill Learning

    University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · ♦The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · ⋂Albert Einstein College of Medicine