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7 papers in the last four weeks, against 1 the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. SciExam for ENSO: Can AI Agents Build Climate Models?

    Oct 7, 2026Yinling Zhang, Langchen Liu, Dongbin Xiu +4AI for ScienceAI Agent Benchmarks

    The Ohio State University · Yale University · University of California, San Diego +2

  2. Artificial intelligence pathways from weather to climate

    Oct 7, 2026Tom Beucler, J. David Neelin, Hui Su +10Climate ModelingWeather Forecasting

    University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. · University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China. +6

  3. EC-EarthFlow: Probabilistic emulation of daily transient global climate model simulations with flow matching

    Oct 7, 2026Kirien Whan, Nikolaj T. Mücke, Karin van der WielClimate ModelingSurrogate Modeling

    KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, De Bilt, 3731GA, The Netherlands · Scientific Computing, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, Amsterdam, 1098XG, The Netherlands · Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands +1

  4. Beyond Pointwise Error: A Multi-Metric Evaluation of Spatial Climate Downscaling

    Oct 1, 2026Loys Masquelier, Etienne Le NaourClimate ScienceClimate Modeling

    EDF R&D, Palaiseau, France

  5. Learning Hierarchical Causal Representations of the Effects of Forcings on Temperature in Climate Models

    Sep 25, 2026Shan Zhao, Ilija Trajkovic, Julia Kaltenborn +4Surrogate ModelingCausal Representation Learning

    Technical University of Munich Munich, Germany · Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany · McGill University & Mila Montreal, Canada +1

  6. HClimRep-Ocean: A Global Ocean Emulator on an Unstructured Mesh

    Sep 23, 2026Kacper Nowak, Aleksei Koldunov, Nikolay Koldunov +7Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Modeling

    Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany · Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Supercomputing Center, Jülich, Germany · Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany +3

  7. Learning Prognostic Variables for AI Convective Parameterizations via Symbolic Distillation

    Sep 21, 2026Jurij Schönfeld, Tom Beucler, Julien Savre +2Latent Variable ModelsClimate Modeling

    Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany · University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), Bremen, Germany · Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland +3

  8. Optimizing Geoengineering Interventions Using Differentiable Climate Models

    Sep 14, 2026Pulkit Dubey, Dorian S. Abbot, Ashesh ChattopadhyayClimate ScienceClimate Modeling

    Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 · Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637

  9. Neptune: An AI model for Global Ocean Subseasonal Prediction

    Sep 8, 2026Davide Donno, Italo Epicoco, Massimo Cafaro +8Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Modeling

    Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce, Italy · CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Italy · Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA +2

  10. Steering Diffusion Priors with Sparse Observations for High-Resolution Temperature Downscaling

    Sep 8, 2026Anirudh Avireddy, Manmeet Singh, Shivanshi Singh +4Diffusion Model GuidanceClimate Modeling

    Shiv Nadar University, India · Western Kentucky University, USA · Ashoka University, India

  11. Stochastic Emulation of a Fully Coupled Preindustrial E3SMv3 Simulation

    Aug 10, 2026Elynn Wu, James P. C. Duncan, Troy Arcomano +11Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (Ai2), Seattle, WA, USA · Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA · Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA +2

  12. Temporal Bridges for Spatial Resolution: Enhancing Climate Data Super-Resolution with Bidirectional Alignment

    Aug 6, 2026Yichen Zhang, Yixiong Xiao, Congxi Xiao +1Climate ModelingImage Super-Resolution

    Baidu, Inc., Beijing, China

  13. Rescene: band-limited stochastic forcing turns a frozen neural weather operator into a climate emulator

    Jul 30, 2026Minjong CheonNeural Surrogate ModelingClimate Modeling

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea

  14. Projected climate memory and inherited warm-tail risk in accelerated European summer warming

    Jul 28, 2026Mauricio Herrera-Marín, Alex Godoy-Faúndez, Diego RiveraProbabilistic ForecastingClimate Modeling

    Research Center on Sustainability and Strategic Resource Management (CISGER), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad del Desarrollo, Avda. Plaza 700, Santiago, Chile.

  15. Physics-Informed Super-Resolution of Atmospheric Data

    Jul 21, 2026Chang Xu, Gencer Sumbul, Hugo Porta +3Climate ModelingPhysics-Informed ML

    EPFL, Switzerland · University of Cambridge, England

  16. Residual-Guided Multi-Resolution Refinement of Foundation Models: A Case Study in Drought Forecasting

    Jul 20, 2026Wentao Gao, Jiuyong Li, Lin Liu +4Time Series ForecastingClimate Modeling

    Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia · CSIRO Technology, Canberra, Australia · CSIRO Environment, Canberra, Australia

  17. AeroMELD: A Linear Embedding of Aerosol Populations for Diagnostics and Latent Dynamics

    Jul 13, 2026Ehsan Saleh, Saba Ghaffari, Wenhan Tang +5Representation LearningLatent Dynamics Modeling

    Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA · National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA · Now at Amazon, Sunnyvale, California, USA +3

  18. Domain-Adaptive Climate Downscaling Under Temporal Distribution Shift

    Jul 6, 2026Shuochen Wang, Nishant Yadav, Auroop R. GangulyDistribution Shift RobustnessDomain Adaptation

    Sustainability and Data Sciences Laboratory, Northeastern University · Microsoft · AI for Climate and Sustainability, The Institute for Experiential AI, Northeastern University

  19. NIVA: A Multimodal Foundation Model for Actionable Earth System Intelligence

    Jun 26, 2026Anisha Pal, Aodhan Sweeney, Kyle Heyblom +1Climate ScienceMultimodal Pretraining

    Independent Researcher · Work done while at Planette AI · Planette AI, USA.

  20. Optimal scenario design for climate emulation

    Jun 17, 2026Christopher B. Womack, Shahine Bouabid, Andrei Sokolov +4Surrogate ModelingClimate Modeling

    Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States · Center for Sustainability Science and Strategy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States · Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States +2

  21. ThousandWorlds: A benchmark for climate emulation of potentially habitable exoplanets

    Jun 16, 2026Edward T. Stevenson, Mei Ting Mak, Eric Wolf +4Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    University of Cambridge · University of Oxford · University of Colorado Boulder +3

  22. Regional Climate Model Emulation with Diffusion Approaches: What is the Added Value of Generative Machine Learning?

    Jun 12, 2026Mikel N. Legasa, Antoine Doury, Achille Gellens +4Surrogate ModelingPrecipitation Downscaling

    Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), CEA/CNRS/UVSQ, Universit´e Paris Saclay, UMR8212, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France · CNRM, Universit´e de Toulouse, M´et´eo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France · Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL), FR636, Paris, France +1

  23. CMIP-Forge: An Agentic System that Retrieves, Computes, and Self-Reviews Climate Science

    Jun 10, 2026Dmitrii Pantiukhin, Boris Shapkin, Ivan Kuznetsov +2Climate ScienceClimate Modeling

    Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

  24. Scalable Deep Learning Framework for Global High-Resolution Land Use Reconstruction

    Jun 10, 2026Amirpasha Mozaffari, Marina Castaño, Stefano Materia +7Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    Earth Science Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, 08034, Spain · AI Institute, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, 08034, Spain

  25. Temporal Coverage over Density: Parsimonious Training-Set Design for ML Climate Downscaling

    Jun 5, 2026Karandeep Singh, Stefan Rahimi, Chad W. Thackeray +2Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA · Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, WY, USA

  26. Evaluating Skill and Stability of ArchesWeather and ArchesWeatherGen under Multi-Decadal Climate Simulations

    May 28, 2026Renu Singh, Robert Brunstein, Antonia Jost +5Climate ScienceClimate Modeling

    Google DeepMind, Paris, France · INRIA, Paris, France · Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany +3

  27. Probabilistic bias adjustment of seasonal forecasts using generative machine learning: A case study of Arctic sea ice predictions

    May 27, 2026Parsa Gooya, Reinel Sospedra-AlfonsoTime Series ForecastingProbabilistic Forecasting

    Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

  28. Samudra 2: Scaling Ocean Emulators across Resolutions

    May 24, 2026Yuan Yuan, Jesse Rusak, Alexander Merose +5Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    Courant Institute School of Mathematics, Computing, and Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA · Open Athena AI Foundation, Inc., New York, NY, USA · Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA

  29. No Epoch Like the Present: Robust Climate Emulation Requires Out-of-Distribution Generalisation

    May 21, 2026Bradley Stanley-Clamp, Anson Lei, Hannah M. Christensen +1Distribution Shift RobustnessClimate Science

    Applied AI Lab · University of Oxford, UK · Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics

  30. Deep Learning Surrogates for Emulating Stochastic Climate Tipping Dynamics

    May 20, 2026Adeline Hillier, Jennifer Sleeman, Jay Brett +3Neural Surrogate ModelingMultivariate Time Series Forecasting

    Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory Hopkins University · Johns

  31. Longwang: Zero-Shot Global Spatiotemporal Precipitation Downscaling with a Latent Generative Prior

    May 17, 2026Yue Wang, Daniele VisioniZero-Shot LearningClimate Science

    1*Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, 112 Hollister Drive, Ithaca, 14853, NY, USA.

  32. Beyond Linear Superposition: Discovering Climate Features in AI Weather Models with KAN-SAE

    May 17, 2026Minjong CheonTransformer InterpretabilityClimate Science

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong University

  33. Emulating the Forced Response of Climate Models with Generative Machine Learning

    May 16, 2026Graham Clyne, Julia Kaltenborn, Peer Nowack +2Neural Surrogate ModelingSurrogate Modeling

    1INRIA, Paris, France · 2MILA, Montreal, Canada · 3Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

  34. Generative climate downscaling enables high-resolution compound risk assessment by preserving multivariate dependencies

    May 12, 2026Takuro Kutsuna, Noriko N. Ishizaki, Norihiro Oyama +1Climate ScienceClimate Modeling

    Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. · National Institute for Environmental Studies

  35. PnP-Corrector: A Universal Correction Framework for Coupled Spatiotemporal Forecasting

    May 9, 2026Hao Wu, Fan Xu, Yuxu Lu +9Long-Term Time Series ForecastingClimate Modeling

    Tsinghua University · Tencent · Shenzhen Loop Area Institute +6

  36. Towards accurate extreme event likelihoods from diffusion model climate emulators

    May 5, 2026Peter Manshausen, Noah Brenowitz, Julius Berner +2Diffusion Model GuidanceClimate Science

    NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA, USA

  37. Conditional Flow Matching for Probabilistic Downscaling of Maximum 3-day Snowfall in Alaska

    Apr 28, 2026Douglas Brinkerhoff, Elizabeth FischerUncertainty QuantificationClimate Science

    Department of Computer Science, University of Montana · International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska

  38. A Differentiable Framework for Global Circulation Model Precipitation Bias Correction

    Apr 24, 2026Kamlesh Sawadekar, Seth McGinnis, Peijun Li +2Climate ScienceClimate Modeling

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania · Computational & Information Systems Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80307

  39. climt-paraformer: Stable Emulation of Convective Parameterization using a Temporal Memory-aware Transformer

    Apr 22, 2026Shuochen Wang, Nishant Yadav, Joy Merwin Monteiro +1Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    Sustainability and Data Sciences Laboratory, Northeastern University · Microsoft · Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune +2

  40. Earth System Foundation Model (ESFM): A unified framework for heterogeneous data integration and forecasting

    Apr 20, 2026Firat Ozdemir, Yun Cheng, Salman Mohebi +11Geospatial Foundation ModelsClimate Science

    Swiss Data Science Center (SDSC), ETH Zurich & EPFL, Zurich & Lausanne, Switzerland · ETH AI Center, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland · ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland +1

  41. Global Attention with Linear Complexity for Exascale Generative Data Assimilation in Earth System Prediction

    Apr 17, 2026Xiao Wang, Zezhong Zhang, Isaac Lyngaas +10Climate ScienceHigh-Performance Computing

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA · Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA · Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA +2

  42. High-Resolution Climate Projections Using Diffusion-Based Downscaling of a Lightweight Climate Emulator

    Feb 13, 2026Haiwen Guan, Dibyajyoti Chakraborty, Moein Darman +3Climate ScienceClimate Modeling

    1Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania · Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California · 3Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), Seattle, Washington +1

  43. Symmetric Composition of Anisotropic Operators for Global Subseasonal-to-Seasonal Climate Forecasting

    Feb 4, 2026Ziyu Zhou, Yuchen Fang, Weilin Ruan +4Climate ScienceTime Series Forecasting

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China · DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China

  44. Climate Surrogates for Scalable Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: A Case Study with CICERO-SCM

    Oct 9, 2025Oskar Bohn Lassen, Serio Angelo Maria Agriesti, Filipe Rodrigues +2Neural Surrogate ModelingSurrogate Modeling

    Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

  45. ArchesClimate: Probabilistic Decadal Ensemble Generation With Flow Matching

    Sep 19, 2025Graham Clyne, Guillaume Couairon, Guillaume Gastineau +2Neural Surrogate ModelingClimate Science

    ARCHES, INRIA, Paris, France · UMR LOCEAN, IPSL, Sorbonne Universit´e, IRD, CNRS, MNHN, Paris, France · Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, USA