Medical Image Classification

Latest papers 486

53 papers in the last four weeks, up 8% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Medical AI
Mar 16, 2026Tin HoangDifferentially Private Federated Learning Differential Privacy
School of Computer Science and Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
Self-Supervised ImageNet Representations for In Vivo Confocal Microscopy: Tortuosity Grading without Segmentation Maps
Mar 16, 2026Kim Ouan, Noémie Moreau, Katarzyna BozekMedical Image Classification Microscopy Image Analysis
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Germany · Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany · Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany +1
Vision-Language Model Based Multi-Expert Fusion for CT Image Classification
Mar 16, 2026Jianfa Bai, Kejin Lu, Runtian Yuan +5Medical Image Classification Mixture-of-Experts Models
College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University · University of Oxford · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clinical Priors Guided Lung Disease Detection in 3D CT Scans
Mar 16, 2026Kejin Lu, Jianfa Bai, Qingqiu Li +5Medical Image Classification 3D Medical Imaging
College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University · University of Oxford · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Halfway to 3D: Ensembling 2.5D and 3D Models for Robust COVID-19 CT Diagnosis
Mar 16, 2026Tuan-Anh Yang, Bao V. Q. Bui, Chanh-Quang Vo-Van +1Medical Image Classification 3D Medical Imaging
VNUHCM University of Science, Vietnam National University, Vietnam · Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, Vietnam National University, Vietnam · The University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
Automated Diabetic Screening via Anterior Segment Ocular Imaging: A Deep Learning and Explainable AI Approach
Mar 16, 2026Hasaan Maqsood, Saif Ur Rehman Khan, Sebastian Vollmer +2Medical Image Classification Medical Image Analysis
BiogentX (biogentx.com, Renala Khurd, District Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. · Department of Computer Science, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany. · German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Kaiserslautern, 67663, Germany. +2
TopoCL: Topological Contrastive Learning for Medical Imaging
Mar 15, 2026Guangyu Meng, Pengfei Gu, Peixian Liang +3Medical Image Representation Learning Contrastive Learning
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame · The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley · Dept. of IT, Analytics, and Operations, University of Notre Dame
LUMINA: A Multi-Vendor Mammography Benchmark with Energy Harmonization Protocol
Mar 15, 2026Hongyi Pan, Gorkem Durak, Halil Ertugrul Aktas +9Medical Image Analysis Mammography
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA · Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Health Sciences Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey · Department of Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
A Heterogeneous Ensemble for Multi-Center COVID-19 Classification from Chest CT Scans
Mar 15, 2026Aadit Nilay, Bhavesh Thapar, Anant Agrawal +1Medical Image Classification Domain Generalization
University of Maryland, College Park
Diffusion-Based Feature Denoising and Using NNMF for Robust Brain Tumor Classification
Mar 13, 2026Hiba Adil Al-kharsan, Róbert RajkóMedical Image Classification Brain Tumor Classification
Doctoral School of Computer Science, University of Szeged, Árpád tér 2, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary · University Research and Innovation Center (EKIK), Óbuda University, Bécsi út 96/b, H-1034 Budapest, Hungary · Academic Staff, Doctoral School of Computer Science, University of Szeged, Árpád tér 2, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
Fair Lung Disease Diagnosis from Chest CT via Gender-Adversarial Attention Multiple Instance Learning
Mar 13, 2026Aditya Parikh, Aasa FeragenMedical Image Classification Algorithmic Fairness
Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Deep Learning-based Assessment of the Relation Between the Third Molar and Mandibular Canal on Panoramic Radiographs using Local, Centralized, and Federated Learning
Mar 12, 2026Johan Andreas Balle Rubak, Sara Haghighat, Sanyam Jain +9Medical Image Classification Medical Imaging
Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark · Private Dental Practice Dr. Jörg Deike, Hannover, Germany · Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, King George's Medical University, India. Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India +6
UltrasoundAgents: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Evidence-Chain Reasoning for Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis
Mar 11, 2026Yali Zhu, Kang Zhou, Dingbang Wu +1Explainable Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Classification
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong
Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Architectures for Multi-Disease Classification of Single-Label Chest X-rays
Mar 11, 2026Ali M. Bahram, Saman Muhammad Omer, Hardi M. MohammedChest X-Ray Classification Medical Image Classification
Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Charmo University, 46023 Chamchamal, Kurdistan Region, Iraq · Department of Software Engineering, University of Raparin, Ranya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
A Computer-aided Framework for Detecting Osteosarcoma in Computed Tomography Scans
Mar 10, 2026Maximo Rodriguez-Herrero, Dante D. Sanchez-Gallegos, Marco Antonio Núñez-Gaona +5Medical Image Classification Oncology
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Departamento de Informática, ARCOS, Avenida de la Universidad, 30 (edificio Sabatini), 28911 Leganés (Madrid), España · Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, México · SECIHTI - Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, Mexico City, México +1
GIIM: Graph-based Learning of Inter- and Intra-view Dependencies for Multi-view Medical Image Diagnosis
Mar 10, 2026Tran Bao Sam, Hung Vu, Dao Trung Kien +3Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Classification
NVIDIA, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
MIL-PF: Multiple Instance Learning on Precomputed Features for Mammography Classification
Mar 10, 2026Nikola Jovišić, Milica Škipina, Nicola Dall'Asen +1Medical Image Classification Multiple Instance Learning
Institute for AI R&D of Serbia, Serbia · Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia · University of Trento, Italy +2
Vision-Language Models Encode Clinical Guidelines for Concept-Based Medical Reasoning
Mar 9, 2026Mohamed Harmanani, Bining Long, Zhuoxin Guo +6Explainable Medical Image Analysis Medical Reasoning
Queen’s University · Vector Institute · McMaster University +1
Multi-Kernel Gated Decoder Adapters for Robust Multi-Task Thyroid Ultrasound under Cross-Center Shift
Mar 9, 2026Maziar Sabouri, Nourhan Bayasi, Arman RahmimUltrasound Image Segmentation Multi-Task Learning
Department of Astronomy and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada · Department of Basic and Translational Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada · Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada +1
Interpretable Aneurysm Classification via 3D Concept Bottleneck Models: Integrating Morphological and Hemodynamic Clinical Features
Mar 8, 2026Toqa Khaled, Ahmad Al-KabbanyExplainable Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Classification
Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology · Multimedia Interaction and Communication Lab, Arab Academy for Science and Technology · Multimedia Interaction and Communication Lab, Wearables, Biosensing, and Biosignal Processing Research lab, Arab Academy for Science and Technology
A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Cerebral Palsy Detection
Mar 6, 2026Karan Kumar Singh, Nikita Gajbhiye, Gouri Sankar MishraMedical Image Classification
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sharda University, India
CRESTomics: Analyzing Carotid Plaques in the CREST-2 Trial with a New Additive Classification Model
Mar 4, 2026Pranav Kulkarni, Brajesh K. Lal, Georges Jreij +11Medical Image Classification Explainable Medical Image Analysis
University of Maryland Institute for Health Computing · University of Maryland, College Park · University of Maryland School of Medicine +3
Slice-wise quality assessment of high b-value breast DWI via deep learning-based artifact detection
Mar 4, 2026Ameya Markale, Luise Brock, Ihor Horishnyi +10Medical Image Classification Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Maximiliansplatz 3, 91054 Erlangen, Germany · Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland · Department of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany +2
Retrieving Patient-Specific Radiomic Feature Sets for Transparent Knee MRI Assessment
Mar 2, 2026Yaxi Chen, Simin Ni, Jingjing Zhang +7Radiomics Explainable Medical Image Analysis
Mechanical Engineering Department, University College London, London, UK · Hawkes Institute, University College London, London, UK · Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK +4
Learning to Read Where to Look: Disease-Aware Vision-Language Pretraining for 3D CT
Mar 2, 2026Simon Ging, Philipp Arnold, Sebastian Walter +6Medical VLMs 3D VLMs
Computer Vision Group, University of Freiburg, Germany · Adaptive & Agentic AI · Adaptive & Agentic AI (A3) Lab, Aarhus University, Denmark +5
Robust White Blood Cell Classification with Stain-Normalized Decoupled Learning and Ensembling
Mar 2, 2026Luu Le, Hoang-Loc Cao, Ha-Hieu Pham +2Medical Image Classification Class-Imbalanced Learning
University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam +2
Adaptive Bidirectional Task Interaction for Joint Segmentation and Classification of Breast Ultrasound
Mar 1, 2026Abdullah Al Shafi, Md Kawsar Mahmud Khan Zunayed, Safin Ahmmed +2Ultrasound Image Segmentation Image Segmentation
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh · University Clermont Auvergne, France
Specializing Foundation Models via Mixture of Low-Rank Experts for Comprehensive Head CT Analysis
Feb 28, 2026Youngjin Yoo, Han Liu, Bogdan Georgescu +14Medical Imaging Foundation Models Low-Rank Adaptation
Digital Technology and Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, NJ USA · Department of Computed Tomography, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany · Department of Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD USA +4
A multimodal slice discovery framework for systematic failure detection and explanation in medical image classification
Feb 27, 2026Yixuan Liu, Kanwal K. Bhatia, Ahmed E. FetitAlgorithmic Auditing Medical Image Classification
Department of Computing, Imperial College London, UK · Aival, London, UK
Revisiting Integration of Image and Metadata for DICOM Series Classification: Cross-Attention and Dictionary Learning
Feb 27, 2026Tuan Truong, Melanie Dohmen, Sara Lorio +1Medical Image Classification Multimodal Classification
Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany

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Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Medical AI

Tin Hoang

School of Computer Science and Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

Differentially Private Federated Learning Differential Privacy Medical Image Classification Alzheimer's Disease Classification Heterogeneous Federated Learning

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This dissertation investigates privacy-preserving federated learning for Alzheimer's disease classification using three-dimensional MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Existing methodologies often suffer from unrealistic data partitioning, inadequate privacy guarantees, and insufficient benchmarking, limiting their practical deployment in healthcare. To address these gaps, this research proposes a novel site-aware data partitioning strategy that preserves institutional boundaries, reflecting real-world multi-institutional collaborations and data heterogeneity. Furthermore, an Adaptive Local Differential Privacy (ALDP) mechanism is introduced, dynamically adjusting privacy parameters based on training progression and parameter characteristics, thereby significantly improving the privacy-utility trade-off over traditional fixed-noise approaches. Systematic empirical evaluation across multiple client federations and privacy budgets demonstrated that advanced federated optimisation algorithms, particularly FedProx, could equal or surpass centralised training performance while ensuring rigorous privacy protection. Notably, ALDP achieved up to 80.4% accuracy in a two-client configuration, surpassing fixed-noise Local DP by 5-7 percentage points and demonstrating substantially greater training stability. The comprehensive ablation studies and benchmarking establish quantitative standards for privacy-preserving collaborative medical AI, providing practical guidelines for real-world deployment. This work thereby advances the state-of-the-art in federated learning for medical imaging, establishing both methodological foundations and empirical evidence necessary for future privacy-compliant AI adoption in healthcare.