Medical Image Synthesis

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25 papers in the last four weeks, up 92% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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  1. Prob-BBDM: a Probabilistic Brownian Bridge Diffusion Model for MRI sequence image-to-image translation

    Jun 23, 2026Martin Valls, Pascal Bourdon, Christine Fernandez-Maloigne +2Image-to-Image TranslationMagnetic Resonance Imaging

    UFR SFA · University of Poitiers, CNRS, XLIM, France · I3M common laboratory CNRS-Siemens Healthinners, Poitiers University Hospital and University of Poitiers, France +4

  2. C^2GR: Coupled Comprehensive Generative Replay for a Continually Learnable Universal Segmentation Model

    Jun 22, 2026Wei Li, Jingyang Zhang, Guoan Wang +4Cross-Modality Medical Image SegmentationReplay-Based Continual Learning

    Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Southeast University · Stevens Institute of Technology +2

  3. Delta-Diffusion: Modeling Longitudinal Brain Amyloid-PET Trajectories via Conditional Poisson Diffusion Bridge

    Jun 20, 2026Yongheng Sun, Minhui Yu, Mengqi Wu +2Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisPET/CT Imaging

    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

  4. 2D Versus 3D Diffusion for In Silico Training of Interventional X-ray AI Models

    Jun 19, 2026Sampath Rapuri, Jeremy Ko, Benjamin D. Killeen +2Synthetic Data AugmentationMedical Imaging

    Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

  5. Pixel-Level Residual Diffusion Transformer: Scalable 3D CT Volume Generation

    Jun 18, 2026Zhenkai Zhang, Markus Hiller, Krista A. Ehinger +1Diffusion Transformer3D Medical Imaging

    School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne · School of Computing

  6. BrainG3N: A Dual-Purpose Tokenizer for Controllable 3D Brain MRI Generation

    Jun 17, 2026Max Van Puyvelde, Ibrahim Gulluk, Wim Van Criekinge +1Masked AutoencodersLatent Diffusion Models

    Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine · Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics & Bioinformatics, Ghent University · Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University

  7. Scaling Generative Foundation Models for Chest Radiography with Rectified Flow Transformers

    Jun 17, 2026Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro, Emma A. M. Stanley, Charles Jones +7Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Image Synthesis

    Imperial College London · Causality in Healthcare AI Hub · Cleveland Clinic London +4

  8. Structural MRI Synthesis for Alzheimer's Disease via Conditional Diffusion on Anatomical Masks

    Jun 16, 2026Muge Zhang, Muhammad Ali Khaliq, Jamal Alsakran +2Synthetic Data AugmentationAlzheimer's Disease

    Fairleigh Dickinson University, Vancouver, BC, Canada · University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA

  9. Recover Semantics First, Generate Better: Improved Latent Modeling for 3D MRI Reconstruction and Cross-Contrast Synthesis

    Jun 16, 2026Yonghao Chen, Sicheng Yang, Rui Tang +13D Medical ImagingMagnetic Resonance Imaging

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Xi’an Jiaotong University

  10. BrainWorld: A Structural-Prior-Conditioned Generative Model for Whole-Brain 4D fMRI Dynamics

    Jun 16, 2026Junfeng Xia, Wenhao Ye, Junxiang Zhang +3Medical Image SynthesisNeuroimaging

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, China · School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, China

  11. Do We Really Need Diffusion? A Fast U-Net for Paired Medical Image Translation

    Jun 16, 2026Alicia Pirwass, Birte Glimm, Michael Munz +1Image-to-Image TranslationU-Net

    Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany · Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research, University Hospital Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081, Ulm, Germany · AI for Sensor Data Analytics Research Group, Ulm University of Applied Sciences,2026 89081, Ulm, Germany

  12. Transformation-driven generation of comparable projection images from multimodal anatomical scenes

    Jun 15, 2026Dariusz Pojda, Krzysztof Domino, Michał Tarnawski +1Medical Image Synthesis

    Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bałtycka 5, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland

  13. Propagating Structural Guidance: Synthesizing Fluorescein Angiography from Fundus Images and Sparse OCT Scans

    Jun 15, 2026Tengfei Ma, Ruiqi Wu, Chenran Zhang +6Medical ImagingCross-Modal Alignment

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, China · Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China · Tianyuan Honors School, Nanjing Medical University, China +2

  14. Lesion-DDPM: Lesion-Enhanced 3D Diffusion for MS MRI Synthesis

    Jun 13, 2026Weidong Zhang, Yongchan Jung, Shafayat Mowla Anik +5Medical Image SynthesisDiffusion MRI

    Northeastern University, Vancouver, BC · Fairleigh Dickinson University, Vancouver, BC · University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO +2

  15. HemExp: Clinically-Guided Latent Diffusion for Modeling Hematoma Expansion

    Jun 13, 2026Orhun Utku Aydin, Satoru Tanioka, Tzu I Chuang +7Longitudinal Medical Image AnalysisClinical Prediction

    CLAIM – Charité Lab for AI in Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany · Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, 2158-5 Myojin-cho,2026 514-1101, Hisai,Tsu, Japan

  16. Dual-Domain Equivariant Generative Adversarial Network for Multimodal CT-PET Synthesis

    Jun 11, 2026Gabriel Steele, Alzahra Altalib, Alessandro PerelliEquivariant Neural NetworksPET/CT Imaging

    School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK · Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 21410, Jordan · School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK

  17. Unified MRI Brain Image Translation via Hierarchical Tumor Structure Comparison

    Jun 11, 2026Yupeng Cai, Jia Wei, Jianlong ZhouImage-to-Image TranslationMedical Image Synthesis

    South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China · UTS Data Science Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia

  18. Performance Analysis and Optimization of 3D Generative Diffusion Models across GPU Architectures

    Jun 11, 2026Jeeho Ryoo, Yongchan Jung, Muhammad Ali Khaliq +3Medical ImagingGPU Kernel Optimization

    Fairleigh Dickinson University Vancouver, BC, Canada · The University of Colorado at Colorado Springs Colorado Springs, CO, USA · Northeastern University Vancouver, BC, Canada

  19. Temporally Consistent and Controllable Video Generation of 2D Cine CMR via Latent Space Motion Modeling

    Jun 8, 2026Yiheng Cao, Gustavo Andrade-Miranda, Jiatian Zhang +2Latent Dynamics ModelingText-to-Video Generation

    SyCoIA - IMT Mines Alès · Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China · SyCoIA, IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France

  20. WaveDiT: Distribution-Aware Wavelet Flow Matching for Efficient 3D Brain MRI Synthesis

    Jun 7, 2026Danilo Danese, Angela Lombardi, Giuseppe Fasano +2Flow Matching3D Medical Imaging

    Politecnico di Bari, Italy · Sapienza University of Rome, Italy

  21. Segmentation-Assisted Brain MRI Synthesis with Cross-Image Multi-Contrast Feature Memory Bank Retrieval Augmentation

    Jun 7, 2026Wenwei Huang, Jia Wei, Jianlong ZhouImage GenerationMedical Image Synthesis

    South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China · UTS Data Science Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia

  22. Impact of Synthetic Lesional MR Images in Automated Focal Cortical Dysplasia Detection in Low-Data Scenarios

    Jun 5, 2026Prabhjot Kaur, Hakim Ouaalam, Sedat Kandemirli +2Synthetic Data AugmentationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

  23. STREAM: Stochastic Riemannian Flow Matching with Anisotropic Decoder for Digital Histopathology Image Generation

    Jun 5, 2026Won June Cho, Daeky Jeong, Hyeongyeol Lim +1Flow MatchingDiffusion Transformer

    DEEPNOID Inc.

  24. What neurosurgeons need to see: synthetic intra-operative MRI from ultrasound for brain-shift compensation in brain tumour surgery

    Jun 3, 2026Santiago Cepeda, Olga Esteban-Sinovas, Ignacio Arrese +1Medical Image SynthesisDeformable Image Registration

    Department of Neurosurgery, Neurovascular Unit Río Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain · Specialized Group in Biomedical Imaging and Computational Analysis (GEIBAC)2026 Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Valladolid (IBioVALL), Valladolid, Spain

  25. FairGen: Preference-Aligned Diffusion for Demographically Equitable Medical Image Synthesis

    Jun 1, 2026Zhimin Li, Ruichen Zhang, Zhen Tan +3Diffusion Model AlignmentSynthetic Data Augmentation

    University of Pittsburgh, Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, 15261, USA · 2The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Computer Science, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA · 3Arizona State University, School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Tempe, 85281, USA +1

  26. No Free Lunch for Synthetic Images under Data Scarcity Conditions

    Jun 1, 2026Borja Arroyo Galende, Alejandro Almodóvar, Patricia A. Apellániz +3Synthetic Data GenerationGenerative Modeling

    Information Processing and Telecommunications Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28030, Spain · Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28030, Spain

  27. Deep Learning for Generating Computational PIN-4 Immunohistochemistry Staining from Prostate Biopsy H&E Images

    Jun 1, 2026Vietbao Tran, Pratik ShahComputational PathologyConditional Image Generation

    Biomedical Engineering University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA, USA · Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Biomedical Engineering Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA, USA

  28. PathAR: Structure-First Autoregressive Synthesis of Multimodal Pathology Images

    Jun 1, 2026Yuan Zhang, Jiahao Xia, Junzhang Huang +4Conditional Image GenerationAutoregressive Image Generation

    Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China · Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore · Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore +2

  29. MedSyn2: Flexible Control of 3D CT Generation via Text and Semantically-Defined Segmentation Prompts

    May 31, 2026Weicheng Dai, Chenyu Wang, Binxu Li +4Diffusion TransformerConditional Image Generation

    Boston University School of Engineering, Boston, MA, USA · Stanford University · University of Pittsburgh Medical Center +1

  30. Wavelet-Fusion Diffusion Model for Multimodal Brain MRI Synthesis with Modality and Metadata Conditioning

    May 30, 2026Muhammad Nabi Yasinzai, Remika Mito, Mangor PedersenVariational AutoencodersLatent Diffusion Models

    Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. · Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia. · Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.