Fundus Images

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Fundus Images

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Retinal Vessel Segmentation

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Retinal Imaging

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Optical Coherence Tomography

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Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

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Ophthalmology

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136 papers

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From Convolution to Transformer: A Comparative Study of U-Net Variants for Brain Tumor and Retinal Vessel Segmentation
Jun 20, 2026Khoa Pham, Sindhuja Penchala, Jiacheng Li +2U-Net Retinal Vessel Segmentation
OphthaDT: Generative Digital Twins for Forecasting Visual Acuity Trajectories in Ophthalmology
Jun 20, 2026Pietro Belligoli, Nikita Makarov, Sayedali Shetab Boushehri +3Ophthalmology Digital Twins
CurvSegFlow: Time-Conditioned Flow Matching for Robust Segmentation of Curvilinear Structures in Noisy Biomedical Images
Jun 19, 2026Sidi Mohamed Sid'El Moctar, Achraf Ait Laydi, Alexandre Beber +4Retinal Vessel Segmentation Robust Segmentation
EFIQA: Explainable Fundus Image Quality Assessment via Anatomical Priors
Jun 18, 2026Pengwei Wang, José Morano, Qian Wan +1Fundus Images Image Quality Assessment
CSWinUNETR: Segmentation of Thin Anatomical Structures in Medical Images
Jun 18, 2026Junho Moon, Haejun Chung, Ikbeom JangRetinal Vessel Segmentation U-Net
REVEAL++: Differentiable Phenotypic Grouping for Vision-Language Retinal Modeling of Alzheimer's Disease Risk
Jun 17, 2026Ethan Elio Meidinger, Seowung Leem, Zeyun Zhao +1Alzheimer Retinal Imaging
Test-Time Adaptation in Optical Coherence Tomography Using Trajectory-Aligned Time-Independent Flow
Jun 17, 2026Veit Hucke, Thomas Pinetz, Gregor Reiter +2Optical Coherence Tomography Stable Test-Time Adaptation
Propagating Structural Guidance: Synthesizing Fluorescein Angiography from Fundus Images and Sparse OCT Scans
Jun 15, 2026Tengfei Ma, Ruiqi Wu, Chenran Zhang +6Optical Coherence Tomography Fundus Images
EyeMVP: OCT-Informed Fundus Representation Learning via Paired CFP--OCT Pretraining
Jun 13, 2026Zhuo Deng, Ruiheng Zhang, Ziheng Zhang +23Fundus Images Vision Foundation Models
HSQ-VLM: A Novel Spatially-Constrained Quadrant Segmentation VLM Model for Explainability in Diabetic Retinopathy
Jun 11, 2026Shivum TelangInterpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Fundus Images
Anatomically Conditioned Recurrent Refinement for Topology-Aware Circle of Willis Segmentation
Jun 10, 2026Juraj Perić, Marija Habijan, Dario Mužević +3Retinal Vessel Segmentation U-Net
FADA: Accessible fetal ultrasound interpretation and annotation with a selectively distilled unified vision-language model
Jun 9, 2026Mahmood Alzubaidi, Uzair Shah, Raden Muaz +6Prenatal Ultrasound Fundus Images
FSS-Net: Frequency-Spatial Synergy Network with Wavelet Attention for Carotid Artery Ultrasound Segmentation
Jun 9, 2026Jiawei Liu, Zhijiang Wan, Junhua Hu +5Retinal Vessel Segmentation Ultrasound
GenEyePose: Patient-Free, Knowledge-Based Saccadic Eye Movement Modeling for Digital Neurophysiologic Biomarker Development
Jun 8, 2026Tianyu Lin, Jooyoung Ryu, Puvada Sreevarsha +12Eye Tracking Biomarker
MAGIS: Evidence-Based Multi-Agent Reasoning for Interpretable Strabismus Clinical Decision-Making
Jun 8, 2026Xikai Tang, Yifan Wang, Jiafan Zhuang +12Ophthalmology Diagnostic Benchmark
DiffSight-Former: Modeling Structural Differences and Temporal Dynamics for Glaucoma Progression Prediction
Jun 8, 2026Yi Huang, Lei Bi, Jinman KimFundus Images Longitudinal Data
Deep Learning-assisted AMD Staging based on OCT and OCT Angiography
Jun 3, 2026Yukun Guo, Tristan T. Hormel, An-Lun Wu +4Optical Coherence Tomography Auc-Roc
Three-Dimensional Retinal Microvasculature Restoration in OCT Angiography
Jun 3, 2026Yukun Guo, Min Gao, Tristan T. Hormel +3Optical Coherence Tomography Coronary Angiography
LightVesselNet: An Ultra-Lightweight Sub-100K Parameter Network for Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation
Jun 3, 2026Shadman Sobhan, Farhana JalilRetinal Vessel Segmentation Mobilenetv2
Learning to See via Epiretinal Implant Stimulation in silico with Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning
Jun 2, 2026Jacob Lavoie, Marwan Besrour, William Lemaire +3Retinal Imaging Deep Reinforcement Learning
Response-Aware Multimodal Learning for Post-Treatment Visual Acuity Forecasting
May 30, 2026Phuoc-Nguyen Bui, Van-Vi Vo, Duc-Tai Le +5Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Robust Multimodal Learning
DarkVesselNet: Multi-Modal Remote Sensing and Trajectory Reasoning for Dark Vessel Detection
May 30, 2026Arun SharmaVessels Remote Sensing
DefSynUS: Real-time Patient-specific Intrahepatic Vessel Identification via Deformation-Aware CT-US Domain Adaptation
May 28, 2026Karl-Philippe Beaudet, Yordanka Velikova, Sidaty El Hadramy +4Ultrasound Retinal Vessel Segmentation
OphIn-500K: Curating Web-Scale Visual Instructions for Scaling Ophthalmic Multimodal Large Language Models
May 27, 2026Xuanzhao Dong, Wenhui Zhu, Xiwen Chen +13Ophthalmology Multi-Modal Large Language Models
Rethinking Gradient Modulation in Multimodal Regression
May 26, 2026Haojie Yin, Chengcheng Feng, Tianyi Liu +2Ophthalmology Optical Coherence Tomography
VesselSim: learning 3D blood vessel segmentation without expert annotations
May 25, 2026Erin Rainville, Melissa Ananian, Tristan Mirolla +2Retinal Vessel Segmentation Vessels
MARVEL: Universal Murray's Law-informed Vessel Tree Segmentation and Topology Estimation
May 25, 2026Yi Zhou, Thiara Sana Ahmed, Jacqueline Chua +7Retinal Vessel Segmentation Topological Data Analysis
Explainable Multi-Task Retinal Imaging Reveals Microvascular Signals for Systemic Risk Stratification in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study
May 24, 2026Mini Han Wang, Liting Huang, Wei Hong +1Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Retinal Imaging
Explainable Retinal Imaging for Prediction of Multi-Organ Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
May 24, 2026Mini Han Wang, Liting Huang, Wei Hong +1Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Hypoglycemia Classification
Towards Clinically Interpretable Ophthalmic VQA via Spatially-Grounded Lesion Evidence
May 21, 2026Xingyue Wang, Bo Liu, Meng Wang +4Fundus Images Medical Visual Question Answering
VEELA: A Clinically-Constrained Benchmark for Liver Vessel Segmentation in Computed Tomography Angiography
May 21, 2026Ziya Ata Yazıcı, N. Sinem Gezer, İlkay Öksüz +19Retinal Vessel Segmentation Coronary Angiography
Local-sensitive connectivity filter (ls-cf): A post-processing unsupervised improvement of the frangi, hessian and vesselness filters for multimodal vessel segmentation
May 20, 2026Erick O Rodrigues, Lucas O Rodrigues, João HP Machado +5Retinal Vessel Segmentation Unsupervised
SmoCap: Unified Scale-Pose Canonicalization with Proxy-Mapped Trust-Region QP
May 20, 2026Shihao Li, Naohiko SugitaMotion Capture Neural Scaling Laws
Gaze into the Details: Locality-Sensitive Enhancement for OCTA Retinal Vessel Segmentation
May 20, 2026Tuopusen Huang, Ding Ma, Xiangqian WuRetinal Vessel Segmentation Coronary Angiography
Uncertainty-Guided Conservative Propagation for Structured Inference in Vessel Segmentation
May 19, 2026Huan Huang, Michele Esposito, Chen ZhaoRetinal Vessel Segmentation Convolutional
ELEMENT: Multi-Modal Retinal Vessel Segmentation Based on a Coupled Region Growing and Machine Learning Approach
May 19, 2026Erick O. Rodrigues, Aura Conci, Panos LiatsisRetinal Vessel Segmentation Fundus Images
Knowing When Not to Predict: Self Supervised Learning and Abstention for Safer DR Screening
May 18, 2026Muskaan Chopra, Lorenz Sparrenberg, Jan H. Terheyden +1Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Self-Supervised
Physics-Based iOCT Sonification for Real-time Interaction Awareness in Subretinal Injection
May 14, 2026Luis D. Reyes Vargas, Veronica Ruozzi, Andrea K. M. Ross +7Optical Coherence Tomography Anatomy
Bridging the Rural Healthcare Gap: A Cascaded Edge-Cloud Architecture for Automated Retinal Screening
May 13, 2026Nishi Doshi, Shrey ShahInterpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Skin Lesion Classification
A General Bézier Tree Encoding Counterfactual Framework for Retinal-Vessel-Mediated Disease Analysis
May 13, 2026Tan Su, Ethan Elio Meidinger, Lin Gu +1Retinal Vessel Segmentation Medical Image Generation
Anatomy-Slot: Unsupervised Anatomical Factorization for Homologous Bilateral Reasoning in Retinal Diagnosis
May 13, 2026Yingzhe Ma, Xiao Yang, Yuguo Yin +1Retinal Imaging Anatomical Priors
Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Downscaling Algorithms and Deep Learning
May 12, 2026Nishi Doshi, Urvi Oza, Pankaj KumarInterpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Deep Learning
Polygon-mamba: Retinal vessel segmentation using polygon scanning mamba and space-frequency collaborative attention
May 11, 2026Yuanyuan Peng, Wen LiRetinal Vessel Segmentation Feature Pyramid Networks
Cross-Modal Semantic-Enhanced Diffusion Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Grading
May 10, 2026Yiqun WangInterpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Cross-Modal Distillation
Establishing Robust Retinal Eye Tracking: A Weakly Supervised Algorithmic Framework
May 9, 2026Bo Wen, Dillon Lohr, Yatong An +8Retinal Imaging Eye Tracking
MPD $^2$ -Router: Mask-aware Multi-expert Prior-regularized Dual-head Deferral Router in Glaucoma Screening and Diagnosis
May 8, 2026Wenxin ZhanOphthalmology Triage
OphEdit: Training-Free Text-Guided Editing of Ophthalmic Surgical Videos
May 8, 2026Ritul Jangir, Arkya Jyoti Bagchi, Aiman Farooq +3Surgical Videos Video Editing
Retina-RAG: Retrieval-Augmented Vision-Language Modeling for Joint Retinal Diagnosis and Clinical Report Generation
May 7, 2026Abdelrahman Zaian, Sheethal Bhat, Mohamed Abdalkader +1Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Medical Report Generation
Scientific Domain Knowledge Improves Vision-Language Fundus Models
May 4, 2026Verena Jasmin Hallitschke, Carsten Eickhoff, Philipp BerensOphthalmology Medical Vision-Language Models
OphMAE: Bridging Volumetric and Planar Imaging with a Foundation Model for Adaptive Ophthalmological Diagnosis
May 4, 2026Tienyu Chang, Zhen Chen, Renjie Liang +9Ophthalmology Optical Coherence Tomography
SAIL: Structure-Aware Interpretable Learning for Anatomy-Aligned Post-hoc Explanations in OCT
May 4, 2026Tienyu Chang, Tianhao Li, Ruogu Fang +2Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Imaging
Representation learning from OCT images
May 4, 2026Hedi Tabia, Désiré Sidibé, Nawres Khlifa +6Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Imaging
Sparse Representation Learning for Vessels
May 2, 2026Chinmay Prabhakar, Bastian Wittmann, Paul Büschl +3Retinal Vessel Segmentation Voxel
Deep Kernel Learning for Stratifying Glaucoma Trajectories
May 1, 2026Bruce Rushing, Angela Danquah, Alireza Namazi +2Patient Trajectories Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading
Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors from Retinal Images via Deep Learning: Development and Validation of Biologically Relevant Morphological Associations in the UK Biobank
May 1, 2026Seowung Leem, Yunchao Yang, Adam J. Woods +1Retinal Imaging Alzheimer
Vesselpose: Vessel Graph Reconstruction from Learned Voxel-wise Direction Vectors in 3D Vascular Images
May 1, 2026Rajalakshmi Palaniappan, Christoph Karg, Nemesio Navarro-Arambula +4Retinal Vessel Segmentation Voxel
Toward Multimodal Conversational AI for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Apr 28, 2026Ran Gu, Benjamin Hou, Mélanie Hébert +5Ophthalmology Multimodal Clinical Data
From Pixels to Explanations: Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading with CNN-Transformer Ensembles, Visual Explainability and Vision-Language Models
Apr 25, 2026Pir Bakhsh Khokhar, Carmine Gravino, Fabio Palomba +2Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Retinal Imaging
Anatomy-Aware Unsupervised Detection and Localization of Retinal Abnormalities in Optical Coherence Tomography
Apr 24, 2026Tania Haghighi, Sina Gholami, Hamed Tabkhi +1Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Imaging
Physics-Informed Conditional Diffusion for Motion-Robust Retinal Temporal Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging
Apr 22, 2026Qian Chen, Yuehao Chen, Qiang Wang +3Retinal Imaging Speckle

Jun 20, 2026 · cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

From Convolution to Transformer: A Comparative Study of U-Net Variants for Brain Tumor and Retinal Vessel Segmentation

Khoa Pham, Sindhuja Penchala, Jiacheng Li, Andy Perkins+1

Mississippi State University · The University of Alabama

Medical image segmentation plays an important role in computer aided diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. U-Net has been widely used for biomedical image segmentation because of its encoder decoder structure and skip connections. However, conventional convolution based U-Net models may have limited ability to capture long range dependencies and global contextual information, which can affect performance in complex segmentation tasks. This paper presents a comparative study of five U-Net based architectures: U-Net 3D, Residual U-Net, Attention U-Net, UNETR, and Swin UNETR. The models are evaluated on two benchmark datasets: BraTS 2023 for brain tumor segmentation and DRIVE for retinal vessel segmentation. Experimental results show that Swin UNETR achieves the best overall performance, with Dice scores of 0.8965 on BraTS 2023 and 0.8078 on DRIVE. The results suggest that transformer based U-Net variants are effective for segmentation tasks requiring global contextual modeling, while residual learning remains useful for fine structure segmentation. This study provides practical insights into model selection for medical image segmentation across volumetric MRI and retinal imaging tasks.

U-Net Retinal Vessel Segmentation Swin Convolutional Transformer Architectures

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