Longitudinal EHR Modeling

EHR: Electronic Health Record

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Overview

Longitudinal electronic health record modeling studies how diagnoses, measurements, treatments, notes, and other events change across a patient’s care. It supports tasks such as early risk prediction, disease trajectory forecasting, medication recommendation, and treatment-effect estimation. Common approaches include temporal transformers and recurrent networks, continuous-time models, graph and state-space methods, and multimodal or language-model-based representations. A central challenge is making predictions reliable across irregular and incomplete records and different hospitals, while evaluating calibration, causal validity, and performance beyond retrospective benchmarks.

Latest papers

CardsList

158 papers26 papers in the last four weeks, up 100% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. A Nationwide Japanese Medical Claims Foundation Model: Balancing Model Scaling and Task-Specific Computational Efficiency

    Apr 24, 2026Nanae Aratake, Taisei Tosaki, Yuji Okamoto +5Self-Supervised Pre-TrainingClinical Outcome Prediction

    1Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. · 2Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. · 3IQVIA Solutions Japan G.K., Tokyo, Japan. +1

  2. Learning Dynamic Representations and Policies from Multimodal Clinical Time-Series with Informative Missingness

    Apr 23, 2026Zihan Liang, Ziwen Pan, Ruoxuan XiongClinical Outcome PredictionOffline RL

    Emory University, Atlanta, USA

  3. Causal-Transformer with Adaptive Mutation-Locking for Early Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury

    Apr 22, 2026Weizhi Nie, Haolin ChenCausal InterpretabilityLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University

  4. Handling and Interpreting Missing Modalities in Patient Clinical Trajectories via Autoregressive Sequence Modeling

    Apr 20, 2026Andrew Wang, Ellie Pavlick, Ritambhara SinghMissing-Modality LearningMultimodal Contrastive Learning

    Brown University

  5. A multimodal and temporal foundation model for virtual patient representations at healthcare system scale

    Apr 20, 2026Andrew Zhang, Tong Ding, Sophia J. Wagner +8Multimodal IRRepresentation Learning

    Department of Pathology, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA · Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA · Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA +5

  6. RePrompT: Recurrent Prompt Tuning for Integrating Structured EHR Encoders with Large Language Models

    Apr 20, 2026Arya Hadizadeh Moghaddam, Drew Ross, Mohsen Nayebi Kerdabadi +2Representation LearningPrompt Tuning

    University of Kansas, USA

  7. OC-Distill: Ontology-aware Contrastive Learning with Cross-Modal Distillation for ICU Risk Prediction

    Apr 18, 2026Zhongyuan Liang, Junhyung Jo, Hyang-Jung Lee +2Contrastive LearningCross-Modal Knowledge Distillation

    Computational Precision Health UC Berkeley, UCSF · Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) · Computational Precision Health UC Berkeley, UCSF[cs.LG]

  8. Representation Before Training: A Practical Benchmark for Generative Medical Event Model Tokenization

    Apr 18, 2026Inhyeok Lee, Luke Solo, Michael C. Burkhart +5HealthcarePredictive Representation Learning

    University of Chicago

  9. Nationwide EHR-Based Chronic Rhinosinusitis Prediction Using Demographic-Stratified Models

    Apr 16, 2026Sicong Chang, Yidan Shen, Justina Varghese +7Medical DiagnosisClinical Prediction

    Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston, USA · Otolaryngology Houston Methodist Hospital Houston, USA · Information Science Technology, University of Houston & Otolaryngology, Houston Methodist Hospital Houston, USA

  10. Sparse Autoencoder Decomposition of Clinical Sequence Model Representations: Feature Complexity, Task Specialisation, and Mortality Prediction

    Apr 13, 2026Chris Sainsbury, Feng Dong, Andreas KarwathEHR Foundation ModelsSparse Autoencoders

    School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, UK · School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK · NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, UK +2

  11. FlatASCEND: Autoregressive Clinical Sequence Generation with Continuous Time Prediction and Association-Based Pharmacological Testing

    Apr 13, 2026Chris Sainsbury, Feng Dong, Andreas KarwathAutoregressive GenerationLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, UK · School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK · NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, UK +2

  12. TrajOnco: a multi-agent framework for temporal reasoning over longitudinal EHR for multi-cancer early detection

    Apr 12, 2026Sihang Zeng, Young Won Kim, Wilson Lau +4Clinical Risk PredictionLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Truveta Inc., Bellevue, WA, United States. · University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. · Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States.

  13. Modeling Patient Care Trajectories with Transformer Hawkes Processes

    Apr 7, 2026Saumya Pandey, Varun ChandolaTrajectory PredictionLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Computational and Data-Enabled Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA

  14. A Clinical Point Cloud Paradigm for In-Hospital Mortality Prediction from Multi-Level Incomplete Multimodal EHRs

    Apr 6, 2026Bohao Li, Tao Zou, Junchen Ye +2Electronic Health RecordsClinical Risk Prediction

    Beihang University, Beijing, China · The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

  15. MATA-Former & SIICU: Semantic Aware Temporal Alignment for High-Fidelity ICU Risk Prediction

    Apr 2, 2026Zhichong Zheng, Xiaohang Nie, Xueqi Wang +3Clinical Risk PredictionLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Tongji University · Shanghai Innovation Institute · Harbin Institute of Technology +1

  16. Scaling Recurrence-aware Foundation Models for Clinical Records via Next-Visit Prediction

    Mar 25, 2026Haresh Rengaraj Rajamohan, Xiang Gao, Weicheng Zhu +10EHR Foundation ModelsLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA · Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA · Center for Biomedical Imaging, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA +1

  17. Can we generate portable representations for clinical time series data using LLMs?

    Mar 25, 2026Zongliang Ji, Yifei Sun, Andre Amaral +2Domain GeneralizationTime Series Representation Learning

    University of Toronto, Canada · Vector Institute, Canada · Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Canada

  18. CDMT-EHR: A Continuous-Time Diffusion Framework for Generating Mixed-Type Time-Series Electronic Health Records

    Mar 24, 2026Shaonan Liu, Yuichiro Iwashita, Soichiro Nakako +2Synthetic Data GenerationDiffusion Models

    Department of Core Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan · Smart Data & Knowledge Services Department, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI GmbH), 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany · Department of Computer Science, RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany +1

  19. GraphDiffMed: Knowledge-Constrained Differential Attention with Pharmacological Graph Priors for Medication Recommendation

    Mar 21, 2026Krati Saxena, Tomohiro ShibataMedication RecommendationDifferential Attention

    Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

  20. HypeMed: Enhancing Medication Recommendations with Hypergraph-Based Patient Relationships

    Mar 19, 2026Xiangxu Zhang, Xiao Zhou, Hongteng Xu +1Medication RecommendationRecommender Systems

    Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, China · Beijing Key Laboratory of Research on Large Models and Intelligent Governance · Engineering Research Center of Next-Generation Intelligent Search and Recommendation, MOE +1

  21. Multimodal Deep Learning for Early Prediction of Patient Deterioration in the ICU: Integrating Time-Series EHR Data with Clinical Notes

    Mar 16, 2026Binesh SadanandanClinical Risk PredictionLongitudinal EHR Modeling

  22. The Taxonomies, Training, and Applications of Event Stream Modelling for Electronic Health Records

    Mar 14, 2026Mingcheng Zhu, Yu Liu, Zhiyao Luo +1Electronic Health RecordsLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    University of Oxford, UK

  23. DT-BEHRT: Disease Trajectory-aware Transformer for Interpretable Patient Representation Learning

    Mar 10, 2026Deyi Li, Zijun Yao, Qi Xu +4Disease Progression ModelingLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA · University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA · MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA +1

  24. Automatic Cardiac Risk Management Classification using large-context Electronic Patients Health Records

    Mar 10, 2026Jacopo Vitale, David Della Morte, Luca Bacco +5Clinical Risk PredictionCardiovascular Risk Prediction

    Research Unit of Intelligent Health Technologies, Universit`a Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy. · Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

  25. TA-RNN-Medical-Hybrid: A Time-Aware and Interpretable Framework for Mortality Risk Prediction

    Mar 9, 2026Zahra Jafari, Azadeh Zamanifar, Amirfarhad FarhadiMortality PredictionLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Department of Computer Engineering, SRC.,Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran · School of Computer Engineering, Iran university of Science and technology, Tehran, Iran

  26. EveryQuery: A Promptable Foundation Model for Clinical Prediction Tasks over Electronic Health Records

    Mar 9, 2026Payal Chandak, Gregory Kondas, Liat Antwarg Friedman +2EHR Foundation ModelsClinical Outcome Prediction

    Harvard-MIT HST · Columbia University · Harvard Medical School

  27. Learning Clinical Representations Under Systematic Distribution Shift

    Mar 7, 2026Yuanyun Zhang, Shi LiOOD GeneralizationInvariant Representation Learning

    Columbia University

  28. From Statistical Fidelity to Clinical Consistency: Scalable Generation and Auditing of Synthetic Patient Trajectories

    Mar 6, 2026Guanglin Zhou, Armin Catic, Motahare Shabestari +4Synthetic Data GenerationSynthetic Clinical Data Generation

    The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia · The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia · Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran +1

  29. Tokenization Tradeoffs in Structured EHR Foundation Models

    Mar 3, 2026Lin Lawrence Guo, Santiago Eduardo Arciniegas, Joseph Jihyung Lee +4EHR Foundation ModelsLongitudinal EHR Modeling

    Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada · Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada · Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada +1

  30. Inferring Chronic Treatment Onset from ePrescription Data: A Renewal Process Approach

    Feb 27, 2026Pavlin G. Poličar, Dalibor Stanimirović, Blaž ZupanLongitudinal EHR ModelingElectronic Health Records

    Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia · Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia