Medical Diagnosis

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21 papers in the last four weeks, up 320% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Latest papers 168

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Genetically Aligned Patient Representations Improve Hematological Diagnosis
May 28, 2026Muhammed Furkan Dasdelen, Fatih Ozlugedik, Ilaria Looser +3Computational Pathology Healthcare
Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Munich, Germany · International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Türkiye · Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Germany +4
Clinically-Grounded Counterfactual Reasoning for Medical Video Diagnosis
May 26, 2026Jianzhe Gao, Churan Wang, Weiyi Zhang +5Healthcare Medical Diagnosis
Benchmarking Convolutional, Transformer, Hybrid, and Vision Language Models for Multi Disease Retinal Screening
May 25, 2026Durjoy Dey, Aymane Ajbar, Yuhong YanHybrid CNN-Transformer Architectures Vision Transformer
Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Montreal, QC, Canada · Ebovir Biotechnologie Inc. Montreal, QC, Canada
Context-driven Missing-Modality Learning for Robust Medical Diagnosis with Image-Tabular Data
May 25, 2026Tianling Liu, Lequan Yu, Tong Han +1Missing-Modality Learning Multimodal Robustness
College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China. · Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, School of Computing and Data Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. · Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China. +2
Towards Real-World Identification of Fatigued Muscle Groups via Musculoskeletal Simulation
May 23, 2026Jenishkumar Chauhan, Samarth Brahmbhatt, Vineet VashistaMedical Diagnosis Sim-to-Real Transfer
Human-Centered Robotics Lab at IIT Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India · independent researcher from Mountain View, California, USA
Structured Visual Evidence Decomposition for Evidence-Grounded Multimodal Screening of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
May 23, 2026Chen Zhan, Yingchen Wei, Xiaoyu Tan +2Healthcare Clinical Triage
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 200438, China · Tencent Youtu Lab, Shanghai 200233, China · ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China +1
Knowledge Graph Modulated Deep Learning for Limited-Sample Clinical Data Analysis
May 22, 2026Yuwei Xue, Sakib Mostafa, James Zou +5Graph Representation Learning Medical Diagnosis
Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA · Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA · Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA +6
Class-Dependent Hybrid Data Augmentation for Multiclass Migraine Classification under Severe Class Imbalance
May 22, 2026Elvin Somón, Miguel A. Gutiérrez-NaranjoClass-Imbalanced Learning Synthetic Data Augmentation
Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Seville, Seville, Spain
GMENet: Generative Mixture of Experts Network for Multi-Center Glioma Diagnosis with Incomplete Imaging Sequences
May 22, 2026Pengfei Song, Fangjin Liu, Wenwen Zeng +5Missing-Modality Learning Medical Diagnosis
School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Innovation, Fudan University · Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University · 3Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Laboratory for Brain Diseases, Joint Laboratory of Neurosurgery Department of Huashan Hospital and School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University
When Symptoms Are Not Enough: Evidence-Weighting Patterns in Large Language Model Psychiatric Screening
May 22, 2026Jianfeng Zhu, Megan Korhummel, Ruoming Jin +1Medical Diagnosis Mental Health
Departments of Computer Science1 and Psychological Science2 Kent State University Kent, OH USA
Reliable Automated Triage in Spanish Clinical Notes: A Hybrid Framework for Risk-Aware HIV Suspicion Identification
May 20, 2026Rodrigo Morales-Sánchez, Soto Montalvo, Raquel MartínezSelective Prediction Healthcare
Dept. Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, ETSI Informática, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) · Dept. Informática y Estadística, ETSI Informática, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC)
MedExpMem: Adapting Experience Memory for Differential Diagnosis
May 20, 2026Qianhan Feng, Zhongzhen Huang, Yakun Zhu +4Radiology VLMs Healthcare
The Chinese University of Hong Kong · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Shanghai Innovation Institue
On-Device Continual Learning with Dual-Stage Buffer and Dynamic Loss for Point-of-Care Pneumonia Diagnosis
May 19, 2026Danu KimMedical Diagnosis Continual Learning
Korea International School, Jeju Campus, Jeju-do 63644, Republic of Korea
Domain Incremental Learning for Pandemic-Resilient Chest X-Ray Analysis
May 18, 2026Danu KimChest X-Ray Classification Medical Diagnosis
Korea International School, Jeju Campus, Jeju-do 63644, Republic of Korea
GLT-PEFT: Gated Lie-Tucker Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis with Hippocampal Segmentation Pretraining
May 16, 2026Guanghua He, Hancan Zhu, Gaohang Yu +1Medical Diagnosis Low-Rank Adaptation
Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China · School of Mathematics, Physics and Information, Shaoxing2026 University, Shaoxing, 312000, China · Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
MedMIX: Modality-Internal Expert Fusion for Multimodal Medical Diagnosis
May 15, 2026Seungik Cho, Anqi Li, Wei QiuMissing-Modality Learning Multimodal Robustness
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston, TX 77005
How Sensitive Are Radiomic AI Models to Acquisition Parameters?
May 14, 2026D. Gil, I. Sanchez, C. SanchezMedical Imaging Medical Diagnosis
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Computer Vision Center, Edifici O, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola), 08193, Barcleona, Spain
Robust and Explainable Bicuspid Aortic Valve Diagnosis Using Stacked Ensembles on Echocardiography
May 13, 2026Christos Chrysanthos Nikolaidis, Vasileios Sachpekidis, Nikolas Moustakidis +2Medical Diagnosis Echocardiography
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, 67100, Greece · Department of Cardiology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece · Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece +1
A Unified Three-Stage Machine Learning Framework for Diabetes Detection, Subtype Discrimination, and Cognitive-Metabolic Hypothesis Testing
May 13, 2026Vishal Pandey, Ruzina Haque Laskar, Rishav TewariMedical Diagnosis Clinical Prediction
Independent Researcher · London, UK · Research Scientist - B +4
PRA-PoE: Robust Multimodal Alzheimer's Diagnosis with Arbitrary Missing Modalities
May 13, 2026Guangqian Yang, Ye Du, Wenlong Hou +2Missing-Modality Learning Alzheimer's Disease
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China · Department of Technology Management for Innovation, The University of Tokyo,2026 Japan · Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
Medical Model Synthesis Architectures: A Case Study
May 10, 2026Katherine M. Collins, Marlene Berke, Ilia Sucholutsky +6Explainable Artificial Intelligence Healthcare
MIT · University of Cambridge · Princeton University +8
Learning predictive models for combinations of heterogeneous proteomic data sources
May 9, 2026Michal Valko, Richard Pelikan, Miloš HauskrechtMedical Diagnosis Multimodal Classification
Computer Science Department University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
PromptDx: Differentiable Prompt Tuning for Multimodal In-Context Alzheimer's Diagnosis
May 9, 2026Lujia Zhong, Yihao Xia, Shuo Huang +2Multimodal ICL Medical Diagnosis
Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California · Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California · Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California
MPD $^2$ -Router: Mask-aware Multi-expert Prior-regularized Dual-head Deferral Router in Glaucoma Screening and Diagnosis
May 8, 2026Wenxin ZhanAI-Assisted Decision Making Learning to Defer
Baruch college
SGC-RML: A reliable and interpretable longitudinal assessment for PD in real-world DNS
May 8, 2026Wenbin Wei, Ruixiang Gao, Suyuan Yao +3Selective Prediction Unified Multimodal Models
∗ Equal contribution. · † Corresponding author.
MedAction: Towards Active Multi-turn Clinical Diagnostic LLMs
May 8, 2026Hsin-Ling Hsu, Zizheng Wang, Donghua Zhang +9Healthcare Medical Diagnosis
1National Chengchi University · 2Georgetown University · University of Michigan +3
MedExAgent: Training LLM Agents to Ask, Examine, and Diagnose in Noisy Clinical Environments
May 8, 2026Yicheng Gao, Xiaolin Zhou, Yahan Li +2Healthcare Medical Diagnosis
University of Southern California · Arizona State University
Learning Cross-Atlas Consistent Brain Disorder Representations via Disentangled Multi-Atlas Functional Connectivity Learning
May 7, 2026Minheng Chen, Chao Cao, Jing Zhang +2Multi-View Consistency Disentangled Representation Learning
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, United States · School of Computing, University of Georgia, United States
RAM-H1200: A Unified Evaluation and Dataset on Hand Radiographs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
May 7, 2026Songxiao Yang, Haolin Wang, Yao Fu +9Medical Imaging Medical Diagnosis
Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan · Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan · Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China +2
Ask Before You Diagnose: Safe-Psych, a Sequential Evaluation Benchmark for LLMs in Psychiatry
May 6, 2026Oriana Presacan, Andreea Grama, Larisa Irimină +6Selective Prediction Healthcare
National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest · Psychiatric Hospital Doctor Gheorghe Preda · Oslo Metropolitan University +3

May 28, 2026, cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Genetically Aligned Patient Representations Improve Hematological Diagnosis

Muhammed Furkan Dasdelen, Fatih Ozlugedik, Ilaria Looser, Rao Muhammad Umer+2

Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Munich, Germany · International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Türkiye · Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Germany+4

Computational Pathology Healthcare Medical Diagnosis Cross-Modal Alignment Oncology Medical Image Representation Learning

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Multimodal alignment of histopathology encoders with transcriptomic and genomic data has been shown to significantly improve performance in downstream diagnostic tasks. Hematological cytology is unique in that visual single-cell evaluation is often paired with cytogenetics and molecular genetics for blood cancer diagnosis. In this study, we present a framework to align single white blood cell images with chromosomal aberrations (karyotype) and somatic mutations from targeted gene panels. Our training strategy follows a two-stage approach: (i) self-supervised, vision-only pretraining of a transformer aggregator using an iBOT head on a cohort of over 1500 patients, and (ii) genetic alignment via supervised contrastive loss on acute myeloid leukemia patients. Our genetically aligned patient encoder improves hematological diagnostic tasks, outperforming slide-level histopathology foundation models. Additionally, the model provides off-the-shelf retrieval capabilities for diseases and genetic alterations. Incorporating genetic data into patient encoders increases the quality of patient representations, providing a framework that aligns with clinical diagnostic workflows and paves the way for future multimodal hematology-specific AI. The code and model weights are available at https://github.com/marrlab/GenBloom.

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Latest papers 168