Object Detection

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Overview

Object detection asks models to identify what objects are present and where they appear, usually by predicting labeled bounding boxes in images or video. Common approaches include fast one-stage CNN detectors such as YOLO, proposal-based Faster R-CNN, and end-to-end transformer detectors such as DETR; feature pyramids and attention help handle objects at different scales. Work also explores oriented and 3D detection, sensor fusion, open-vocabulary recognition, and learning with limited or changing labels, with COCO, VisDrone, DOTA, KITTI, and nuScenes among the benchmarks used. A central challenge is transferring strong benchmark results to small, occluded, or unfamiliar objects and real-world conditions while keeping models efficient and evaluations reliable despite incomplete annotations.

Latest papers

CardsList

624 papers51 papers in the last four weeks, down 25% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

  1. FruitProM-V2: Robust Probabilistic Maturity Estimation and Detection of Fruits and Vegetables

    Apr 28, 2026Rahul Harsha Cheppally, Sidharth Rai, Sudan Baral +2Agricultural Image AnalysisObject Detection

    Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA

  2. Real-time windrow detection from onboard tractor sensors for automated following

    Apr 27, 2026Lorenz Gunreben, Nico Heider, Sebastian Zürner +2Object DetectionAgricultural Robotics

    Leipzig University, Smart Farming Lab, Grimmaische Straße 12, 04109 Leipzig

  3. BMD-45: A Large-Scale CCTV Vehicle Detection Dataset for Urban Traffic in Developing Cities

    Apr 27, 2026Akash Sharma, Chinmay Mhatre, Sankalp Gawali +8Distribution ShiftObject Detection

    Department of Computational and Data Sciences (CDS) Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India · Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation & Urban Planning (CiSTUP) Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India · Center of Data for Public Good (CDPG) Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India +1

  4. Caries DETR: Tooth Structure-aware Prior and Lesion-aware Dynamic Loss Refinement for DETR Based Caries Detection

    Apr 26, 2026Xuefen Liu, Xinquan Yang, Mianjie Zheng +5Medical ImagingMedical Image Analysis

    College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. · School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. · Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

  5. ResAF-Net: An Anchor-Free Attention-Based Network for Tree Detection and Agricultural Mapping in Palestine

    Apr 26, 2026Rabee Al-QasemAgricultural Remote SensingObject Detection

    Ministry of Labor - GGateway.ps Nablus, Palestine

  6. Exploring Hierarchical Consistency and Unbiased Objectness for Open-Vocabulary Object Detection

    Apr 25, 2026Sanghoon Lee, Geon Lee, Hyekang Park +1Open-Vocabulary Object DetectionProbability Calibration

    Yonsei University · Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)

  7. Hard to See, Hard to Label: Generative and Symbolic Acquisition for Subtle Visual Phenomena

    Apr 24, 2026Renjith Prasad, Rishabh Sharma, Andrew E. Shao +8Industrial Anomaly DetectionActive Learning

    University of South Carolina · AI Research Lab, HPE Labs, Hewlett Packard Enterprise · Indian AI Research Organization +1

  8. Transferable Physical-World Adversarial Patches Against Pedestrian Detection Models

    Apr 24, 2026Shihui Yan, Ziqi Zhou, Yufei Song +3Adversarial Patch AttacksTransfer-Based Adversarial Attacks

    Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

  9. Railway Artificial Intelligence Learning Benchmark (RAIL-BENCH): A Benchmark Suite for Perception in the Railway Domain

    Apr 24, 2026Annika Bätz, Pavel Klasek, Seo-Young Ham +3Visual OdometryObject Detection

    Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 21, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany · Deutsches Zentrum für Schienenverkehrsforschung (DZSF), August-Bebel-Straße 10, 01219 Dresden, Germany · DB InfraGO AG, EUREF-Campus 17, 10829 Berlin, Germany

  10. VFM4^{4}SDG: Unveiling the Power of VFMs for Single-Domain Generalized Object Detection

    Apr 23, 2026Yupeng Zhang, Ruize Han, Ningnan Guo +3Detection TransformerCross-Domain Generalization

    College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China · Faculty of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China

  11. UHR-DETR: Efficient End-to-End Small Object Detection for Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

    Apr 23, 2026Jingfang Li, Haoran Zhu, Wen Yang +4Remote Sensing Small Object DetectionSmall Object Detection

    School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 China

  12. A Probabilistic Framework for Improving Dense Object Detection in Underwater Image Data via Annealing-Based Data Augmentation

    Apr 23, 2026Eleanor Wiesler, Trace BaxleySynthetic Data AugmentationData Augmentation

    Harvard Department of Mathematics. · Harvard Department of Computer Science.

  13. Attention-Augmented YOLOv8 with Ghost Convolution for Real-Time Vehicle Detection in Intelligent Transportation Systems

    Apr 22, 2026Syed Sajid Ullah, Muhammad Zunair Zamir, Ahsan Ishfaq +1Intelligent Transportation SystemsObject Detection

    School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China · School of Information Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China

  14. RefAerial: A Benchmark and Approach for Referring Detection in Aerial Images

    Apr 22, 2026Guyue Hu, Hao Song, Yuxing Tong +5Object DetectionAerial Object Detection

    School of Artificial Intelligence, Anhui University · State Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Protection Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China · Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Security Artificial Intelligence, Anhui University, Hefei, China +2

  15. Fourier Series Coder: A Novel Perspective on Angle Boundary Discontinuity Problem for Oriented Object Detection

    Apr 22, 2026Minghong Wei, Pu Cao, Zhihao Chen +3Object Detection

    School of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100082, China

  16. RareSpot+: A Benchmark, Model, and Active Learning Framework for Small and Rare Wildlife in Aerial Imagery

    Apr 21, 2026Bowen Zhang, Jesse T. Boulerice, Charvi Mendiratta +4Remote Sensing Small Object DetectionSmall Object Detection

    University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, California, United States of America. · 2Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 20008, Washington, DC, United States of America. · 3Stanford University, 94305, California, United States of America. +1

  17. HMR-Net: Hierarchical Modular Routing for Cross-Domain Object Detection in Aerial Images

    Apr 20, 2026Pourya Shamsolmoali, Masoumeh Zareapoor, Michael Felsberg +3Open-Vocabulary Object DetectionAdaptive Model Routing

    Department of Computer Science, University of York, UK · SEIEE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China · Computer Vision Laboratory, Linkoping University, Sweden +2

  18. SemLT3D: Semantic-Guided Expert Distillation for Camera-only Long-Tailed 3D Object Detection

    Apr 20, 2026Hao Vo, Khoa Vo, Thinh Phan +5Autonomous Driving Perception3D Object Detection

    AICV Lab, University of Arkansas, USA · University of Utah, USA · University of Houston, USA +1

  19. Domain-Specialized Object Detection via Model-Level Mixtures of Experts

    Apr 20, 2026Svetlana Pavlitska, Malte Stüven, Beyza Keskin +1Object DetectionMixture-of-Experts Models

    FZI Research Center for Information Technology · Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

  20. Autonomous Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Enhanced Search and Rescue of Drowning Swimmers: Image-Based Localization and Mission Simulation

    Apr 20, 2026Sascha Emanuel Zell, Toni Schneidereit, Armin Fügenschuh +1Aerial RoboticsObject Detection

    Chair of Engineering Mathematics and Numerical Optimization Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1 03046 Cottbus, Germany · Chair of Applied Mathematics Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1 03046 Cottbus, Germany

  21. Class-specific diffusion models improve military object detection in a low-data domain

    Apr 20, 2026Ella P. Fokkinga, Jan Erik van Woerden, Thijs A. Eker +4Synthetic Data AugmentationDiffusion Model Guidance

    TNO - Intelligent Imaging, Oude Waalsdorperweg 63, the Hague, the Netherlands

  22. Exploring Boundary-Aware Spatial-Frequency Fusion for Camouflaged Object Detection

    Apr 20, 2026Song Yu, Yang Hu, Haokang Ding +2Frequency-Domain Feature LearningObject Detection

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

  23. DGSSM: Diffusion guided state-space models for multimodal salient object detection

    Apr 19, 2026Suklav Ghosh, Arijit Sur, Pinaki MitraDiffusion Model GuidanceSalient Object Detection

    Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati

  24. StomaD2: An All-in-One System for Intelligent Stomatal Phenotype Analysis via Diffusion-Based Restoration Detection Network

    Apr 18, 2026Quanling Zhao, Meng'en Qin, Yanfeng Sun +2Agricultural Image AnalysisPlant Phenotyping

    1Henan Engineering Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Theory and Algorithms, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China. · 3State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China. · 2International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.

  25. A Real-Time Bike-Pedestrian Safety System with Wide-Angle Perception and Evaluation Testbed for Urban Intersections

    Apr 18, 2026Mehmet Kerem TurkcanCollision AvoidanceModel Calibration

    Columbia University

  26. Tri-Modal Fusion Transformers for UAV-based Object Detection

    Apr 17, 2026Craig Iaboni, Pramod AbichandaniInfrared Object DetectionMultimodal Object Detection

    New Jersey Institute of Technology

  27. Dental Panoramic Radiograph Analysis Using YOLO26 From Tooth Detection to Disease Diagnosis

    Apr 17, 2026Khawaja Azfar Asif, Rafaqat Alam KhanMedical ImagingMedical Image Segmentation

    Department of Software Engineering, Lahore Garrison University, DHA Phase 6, Lahore, Pakistan

  28. Integrating Object Detection, LiDAR-Enhanced Depth Estimation, and Segmentation Models for Railway Environments

    Apr 16, 2026Enrico Francesco Giannico, Federico Nesti, Gianluca D'Amico +5Monocular Depth EstimationCamera-LiDAR Fusion

    Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy · Progress Rail Signaling S.p.A., Serravalle Pistoiese (PT), Italy

  29. PIEDet: Prototype-Driven Intrinsically Explainable Object Detection

    Apr 15, 2026Jianlin Xiang, Linhui Dai, Xue Yang +2Explainable Object DetectionObject Detection

    Institute of Intelligent Information Processing, Shenzhen University · the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Shenzhen University · the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Communications and Information Processing, Shenzhen University +1

  30. A Multi-Stage Optimization Pipeline for Bethesda Cell Detection in Pap Smear Cytology

    Apr 15, 2026Martin Amster, Camila María PolottoObject DetectionComputational Pathology

    Instituto de Ciencias de la Computación (ICC), CONICET-UBA · Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires · Instituto de Física Interdisciplinaria y Aplicada, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires