Oncology

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8 papers in the last four weeks, down 50% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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Latest papers 212

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OncoTraj: a public benchmark for longitudinal resistance prediction in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer on osimertinib
Jun 9, 2026Abhijoy Sarkar, Aarchi Singh ThakurCancer Genomics Clinical Outcome Prediction
Span AI
Multimodal Brain Tumour Classification Using Feature Fusion
Jun 9, 2026Wajih ul Islam, Muhammad Yaqoob, Javed Ali Khan +1Multimodal Classification Medical Image Classification
School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, UK
An Uncertainty Estimation Framework for Dose Accumulation in Adaptive Radiotherapy: Application to CBCT-Guided Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer
Jun 9, 2026Cedric Hemon, Delphine Lebret, Jean-Claude Nunes +8Uncertainty Quantification Oncology
Univ. Rennes, CLCC Eugène Marquis, INSERM, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France · Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Georges-Francois Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France · Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest–Site Paul Papin, F-49000 Angers, France +1
Patient-Level Diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia via Deep Learning Analysis of Bone Marrow Smear
Jun 9, 2026Yuqi Ma, Tianyi Wang, Weihua Meng +6Computational Pathology Medical Diagnosis
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. · Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China. · Shanghai Dishuo Beiken Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Building 9-10, No. 3377 Kangxin Highway, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201315, China.
Belief-Space Control for Personalized Cancer Treatment via Active Inference
Jun 9, 2026Deniz Sargun, H. Bugra Tulay, C. Emre KoksalBelief-Space Planning Healthcare
Amazon.com Inc. Palo Alto, CA · HP Inc. Denver, CO · The Ohio State University Columbus, OH
GD-MIL: Grade-Disentangled Multiple Instance Learning for Multimodal Biochemical Recurrence Prediction in Prostate Cancer
Jun 8, 2026Dasari Naga RajuAdversarial Representation Learning Cancer Survival Prediction
A practical probabilistic framework for deformable image registration uncertainty in radiotherapy dose propagation
Jun 8, 2026Stefan Heldmann, Sven Kuckertz, Nasim Givehchi +4Uncertainty Quantification Oncology
Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Lübeck, Germany · Varian, a Siemens Healthineers company, Dättwil, Switzerland · Icon Group, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Routine laboratory trajectories encode the onset of organ-level complications in cancer
Jun 7, 2026Jannik Lübberstedt, Krischan Braitsch, Jacqueline Lammert +21Toxicity Detection Oncology
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum, Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany. · Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum, Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany. · Chair of Medical Informatics, Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Healthcare, School of Medicine and Health, TUM Klinikum, Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany. +8
Mitosis Detection in the Wild: Multi-Tumor and Context-Aware Generalization in the MIDOG 2025 Challenge
Jun 5, 2026Marc Aubreville, Jonas Ammeling, Sweta Banerjee +64Computational Pathology Domain Generalization
TRAPS: Therapeutic Response Analysis via Pathway-informed Stratification
Jun 5, 2026Sujoy Banik, Sayantan Chakraborty, Boishakhi Das Toma +4Cancer Genomics Cancer Survival Prediction
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Bangladesh · University of Dhaka Bangladesh · American International University of Bangladesh Bangladesh +2
Multi-FRuGaL: Multimodal Flexible Redundancy-aware Decomposed Gated Learning for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis
Jun 5, 2026Sanket Kachole, Siddhesh Thakur, Shubham Innani +4Missing-Modality Learning Cancer Survival Prediction
Division of Computational Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA · IU Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA · Departments of Biostatistics and Health Data Science; Radiology and Imaging Sciences; Neurological Surgery; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA +1
BreastGPT: A Multimodal Large Language Model for the Full Spectrum of Breast Cancer Clinical Routine
Jun 3, 2026Yang Liu, Jiajin Zhang, Danyang Tu +8Breast Cancer Medical Imaging
DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group · Zhejiang University · West China Hospital +1
A Pathology Foundation Model for Gastric Cancer with Real-World Validation
Jun 3, 2026Ling Liang, Jiabo Ma, Zhengyu Zhang +25Computational Pathology Medical Diagnosis
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China +18
Probabilistic learning to perform pre-onset individualised prediction of disease severity: application to Veno Occlusive Disease
Jun 2, 2026Dalia Chakrabarty, Kane Warrior, Chuqiao Zhang +2Clinical Outcome Prediction Clinical Prediction
University of York, Department of Mathematics, York, YO10 5DD, U.K. · Narayana Superspecialty Hospital, Kolkata 711103, India
Pathway-Structured Privileged Distillation for Deployable Computational Pathology
Jun 1, 2026Yongxin Guo, Hao Lu, Onur Koyun +2Computational Pathology Oncology
1*School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Traj-Evolve: A Self-Evolving Multi-Agent System for Patient Trajectory Modeling in Lung Cancer Early Detection
Jun 1, 2026Sihang Zeng, Matthew Thompson, Ruth Etzioni +1Retrieval-Augmented Generation Medical Diagnosis
University of Washington · Fred Hutch Cancer Center · Google
Automated Report-Derived Oncology VQA Benchmark for Evaluating Vision-Language Models on 3D Medical Imaging
Jun 1, 2026Bo Liu, Hanxue Gu, Xiangru Li +6VLM Evaluation Medical Imaging
UCSF–UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering · Department of Radiology, UCSF · Department of Radiation Oncology, UCSF
Genotype-Conditioned Molecular Generation via Evidence-Grounded Multi-Objective Latent Perturbation in Diffusion Models
May 31, 2026Brenda Nogueira, Gisela A. Gonzalez-Montiel, Nitesh V. Chawla +1Molecular Optimization Oncology
Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN, 46556 · Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN, 46556 · Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN, 46556
When Are Multimodal Predictions Biologically Supported? A Diagnostic Evaluation Framework
May 29, 2026Dylan Steiner, Gustavo Arango-Argoty, Gerald Sun +1Pathology Foundation Models Multimodal Embedding
Oncology Data Science & AI, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, US
Developing a novel Comorbidities Index for predicting 10-year mortality in Prostate Cancer patients: A computational data-driven approach
May 29, 2026Davide Farinati, Francesco Barletta, Paolo Zaurito +6Cancer Survival Prediction Metaheuristic Optimization
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy Comprehensive Cancer Center/Unit of Urology; URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy · School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK · Department of Urology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Digitally enriching a high-risk population for pancreatic cancer using routine blood-based measures and clinical histories
May 28, 2026Chris Varghese, Leo Y. Li-Han, Richa Bisht +10Oncology Longitudinal EHR Modeling
Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA · Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, NZ · Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA +5
Genetically Aligned Patient Representations Improve Hematological Diagnosis
May 28, 2026Muhammed Furkan Dasdelen, Fatih Ozlugedik, Ilaria Looser +3Computational Pathology Healthcare
Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Munich, Germany · International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Türkiye · Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Germany +4
An Approach for Thyroid Nodule Analysis Using Thermographic Images
May 28, 2026J. R. González, É. O. Rodrigues, C. P. Damião +6Thermal Imaging Medical Image Analysis
Computer Science Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Milton Tavares de Souzas, s/n—Boa Viagem, Niterói, RJ 24210-330, Brazil · Radiology Department, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (HUAP), Av. Marquês do Paraná, 303, Niterói, RJ, Brazil · Applied Computation Group NCA-UFMA, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, São Luís, 1966, MA, Brazil +2
Clinical Validation of the Melanoscope AI Mobile Dermoscopy Clinical Decision Support System
May 26, 2026Elena Sergeevna Kozachok, Sergey Sergeevich SereginSkin Lesion Classification Clinical Triage
1Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISP RAS),2026 25 Alexander Solzhenitsyn str., Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation · 2Orel Regional Oncology Dispensary,May 2 Ippodromny lane, Orel, Russian Federation
BioFact-MoE: Biologically Factorized Mixture of Experts for Vision-Language Prognostic Modeling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
May 25, 2026Junlin Yang, Tian Yu, Nicha C. Dvornek +6Radiology VLMs Cancer Survival Prediction
Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA · Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA +1
The Daily Dose: Workflow-Integrated Large Language Model Automation for Clinical Summarization and Trial Identification in Radiation Oncology
May 25, 2026Jason Holmes, Federico Mastroleo, Mariana Borras-Osorio +17Healthcare Clinical Decision Support
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States · Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy · Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy +2
CNNs, Transformers, Hybrid, and Vision Language Models for Skin Cancer Detection
May 25, 2026Durjoy Dey, Yuhong Yan, Hassan HajjdiabHybrid CNN-Transformer Architectures Vision Transformer
Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada · Ebovir Biotechnologie Inc., Montreal, Canada
PathWISE: Multi-Agent Cancer Pathway Triaging Ontology Learning from Clinical Flowcharts
May 25, 2026Sofiat Abioye, Ufaq Khan, Shazad Ashraf +6Healthcare Clinical Triage
Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE · University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK +2
RAPTOR+: A Visually Grounded Vision-Language Framework to Improve Clinical Trust and Auditability in Automated Cancer Referral Processing
May 25, 2026Sofiat Abioye, Ufaq Khan, Shazad Ashraf +4Document Understanding Healthcare
Birmingham City University, Birmingham, England, UK · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, UAE · University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, England, UK +1
A Clinically Validated Foundation Model for Comprehensive Lung Pathology Interpretation
May 25, 2026Zhengrui Guo, Zhengyu Zhang, Jiabo Ma +23Computational Pathology Clinical Decision Support
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China +15

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OncoTraj: a public benchmark for longitudinal resistance prediction in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer on osimertinib

Abhijoy Sarkar, Aarchi Singh Thakur

Span AI

Cancer Genomics Clinical Outcome Prediction Clinical Prediction Oncology

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Resistance to first-line osimertinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the canonical example of predictable clonal evolution under therapeutic pressure, yet no public benchmark exists for training or evaluating computational models on the corresponding longitudinal patient trajectories. We introduce OncoTraj, a public benchmark of 813 EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients receiving first-line osimertinib, harmonized from three real-world clinical-genomic sources: MSK-CHORD (672 patients), AACR Project GENIE BPC NSCLC (34 patients), and the FLAURA molecular-resistance supplement (107 patients). OncoTraj defines three locked tasks: (A) binary classification of progression by a fixed 12-month landmark, (B) regression of time-to-first-progression in days, and (C) six-class classification of the dominant resistance mechanism. We release the harmonized dataset, patient-level train/validation/test splits with an audited no-leakage guarantee, an open-source evaluation harness, and six reference baselines spanning a majority-class predictor, logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, an LSTM, and a multi-task transformer. With v1's single-timepoint snapshot features, no task clears chance on clean within-source evaluation: the uniformity of this ceiling across every model class localizes the limit to the input modality (single-snapshot tissue NGS rather than serial ctDNA), not the algorithm. The benchmark does recover a reproducible literature-consistent association: TP53 co-mutation raises the 12-month progression rate from 29% to 59% cohort-wide. OncoTraj establishes a reproducible, leakage-audited baseline and converts the modality limit into concrete design requirements for a serial-ctDNA-enriched v2.

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