Human-AI Decision Making

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The field examines how people and AI can combine judgment, divide tasks, or transfer decision authority, especially when decisions are uncertain or consequential. Common approaches include calibrated advice, selective prediction and deferral, adaptive routing and ensembles, preference elicitation, and explanations designed to support human review. Researchers test these methods in behavioral experiments and applied settings such as clinical diagnosis, finance, negotiation, and public services, measuring both decision outcomes and interaction behavior. A central tension is that AI assistance can improve performance yet also encourage overreliance, weaken human skills, or shift influence and responsibility; gains depend on task context, complementary strengths, and whether people can detect when the AI is wrong.

Latest papers

175 papers22 papers in the last four weeks, up 5% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

Human-AI Co-reasoning for Clinical Diagnosis with Evidence-Integrated Language Agent
Mar 11, 2026Zhongzhen Huang, Yan Ling, Hong Chen +7Medical Diagnosis Clinical Decision Support
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China · Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China · Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China +3
Noncooperative Human-AI Agent Dynamics
Mar 10, 2026Dylan Waldner, Vyacheslav Kungurtsev, Mitchelle AshimosiProspect Theory Human-AI Decision Making
Alignment-Process-Outcome: Rethinking How AIs and Humans Collaborate
Mar 9, 2026Haichang Li, Anjun Zhu, Arpit NarechaniaHuman-AI Collaboration Human-AI Decision Making
George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA · Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
Not Too Short, Not Too Long: How LLM Response Length Shapes People's Critical Thinking in Error Detection
Mar 6, 2026Natalie Friedman, Adelaide Nyanyo, Kevin Weatherwax +4Human-AI Decision Making LLM Reasoning
BTP Innovation, SAP, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Not All Trust is the Same: Effects of Decision Workflow and Explanations in Human-AI Decision Making
Mar 5, 2026Laura Spillner, Rachel Ringe, Robert Porzel +1AI-Assisted Decision Making Trust in AI
Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Germany
Delegation and Verification Under AI
Mar 3, 2026Lingxiao Huang, Wenyang Xiao, Nisheeth K. VishnoiHuman-in-the-Loop AI Human-AI Decision Making
Nanjing University · Yale University
Strategic Advice in the Age of Personal AI
Mar 2, 2026Yueyang Liu, Wichinpong Park SinchaisriTrust in AI Human-AI Decision Making
1Jones Graduate School of Business, Rice University · 2Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley
Language Models Exhibit Inconsistent Biases Towards Algorithmic Agents and Human Experts
Feb 25, 2026Jessica Y. Bo, Lillio Mok, Ashton AndersonHuman-AI Decision Making LLM Decision-Making
Computer Science University of Toronto
2-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
Feb 25, 2026Otto Nyberg, Davide Tugnoli, Fausto Carcassi +1AI-Assisted Decision Making Human-AI Decision Making
Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands · Department of Mathematics and Earth Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
Align When They Want, Complement When They Need! Human-Centered Ensembles for Adaptive Human-AI Collaboration
Feb 23, 2026Hasan Amin, Ming Yin, Rajiv KhannaHuman-AI Complementarity Human-AI Collaboration
Purdue University, USA
Multi-Round Human-AI Collaboration with User-Specified Requirements
Feb 19, 2026Sima Noorani, Shayan Kiyani, Hamed Hassani +1Human-AI Complementarity Human-AI Collaboration
University of Pennsylvania
The Bots of Persuasion: Examining How Conversational Agents' Linguistic Expressions of Personality Affect User Perceptions and Decisions
Feb 19, 2026Uğur Genç, Heng Gu, Chadha Degachi +3Persuasion in Language Models Human-AI Decision Making
Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
Human-AI Collaboration in Large Language Model-Integrated Building Energy Management Systems: The Role of User Domain Knowledge and AI Literacy
Feb 18, 2026Wooyoung Jung, Kahyun Jeon, Prosper Babon-AyengHuman-AI Collaboration Human-AI Interaction
The University of Arizona · Illinois Institute of Technology
Mind the (DH) Gap! A Contrast in Risky Choices Between Reasoning and Conversational LLMs
Feb 16, 2026Luise Ge, Yongyan Zhang, Yevgeniy VorobeychikLLM Decision-Making Framing Effects in Language Models
Washington University in St. Louis
Choose Your Agent: Tradeoffs in Adopting AI Advisors, Coaches, and Delegates in Multi-Party Negotiation
Feb 12, 2026Kehang Zhu, Nithum Thain, Vivian Tsai +2Automated Negotiation Human-AI Interaction
Harvard University, United States · Google DeepMind, Canada · Google DeepMind, United States +1
Using predictive multiplicity to measure individual performance within the AI Act
Feb 12, 2026Karolin Frohnapfel, Mara Seyfert, Sebastian Bordt +2AI Accountability AI Governance
University of Tübingen and Tübingen AI Center, Germany · Tübingen AI Center, Germany · University of Tübingen and CZS Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Law, Germany +2
Language Model Goal Selection Differs from Humans' in a Self-Directed Learning Task
Feb 6, 2026Gaia Molinaro, Dave August, Danielle Perszyk +1Human-AI Decision Making
University of California, Berkeley · Amazon AGI Lab
Predicting Biased Human Decision-Making with Large Language Models in Conversational Settings
Jan 16, 2026Stephen Pilli, Vivek NallurLLM Decision-Making Human-AI Decision Making
University College Dublin · Dublin, Ireland
Generative AI for Analysts
Dec 12, 2025Jian Xue, Qian Zhang, Wu ZhuFinancial Services Financial Forecasting
School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University · School of Management, Xiamen University
It's My Agent, Not Me: Personal Privacy Boundaries in AI-Delegated Information Sharing
Sep 26, 2025Bingcan Guo, Eryue Xu, Zhiping Zhang +1Preference Elicitation Human-AI Decision Making
Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington, United States · School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States · Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, United States
Understanding Role Switching in Human-AI Collaboration through Multimodal Behavioral Signals
Sep 25, 2025Avinash Ajit Nargund, Arthur Caetano, Kevin Yang +7Intent Classification Human-AI Decision Making
University of California, Santa Barbara, USA · Washington University in St.Louis, USA
Unequal Uncertainty: Rethinking Algorithmic Interventions for Mitigating Discrimination from AI
Aug 11, 2025Holli Sargeant, Mackenzie Jorgensen, Arina Shah +3Selective Prediction Algorithmic Fairness
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom · Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom · George Washington University, Washington D.C., United States +2
Rethinking Group Recommender Systems in the Era of Generative AI: From One-Shot Recommendations to Conversational Group Decision Support
Jul 1, 2025Dietmar Jannach, Amra Delić, Francesco Ricci +1Recommender Systems Human-AI Decision Making
University of Klagenfurt, Austria · University of Sarajevo, Bosnia · Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
Serious Games: Human-AI Interaction, Evolution, and Coevolution
May 22, 2025Nandini Doreswamy, Louise HorstmanshofHuman-AI Interaction Human-AI Decision Making
Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia · National Coalition of Independent Scholars · National Coalition of Independent Scholars (NCIS)
Human Responses to Algorithmic Correction: Evidence from Centre Court
Jan 30, 2024David Almog, Romain Gauriot, Lionel Page +1Human-AI Decision Making Human Oversight of AI
Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University · Deakin University · University of Queensland +1

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Human-AI Co-reasoning for Clinical Diagnosis with Evidence-Integrated Language Agent

Zhongzhen Huang, Yan Ling, Hong Chen, Ye Feng+6

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China · Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China · Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China+3

Medical Diagnosis Clinical Decision Support Human-AI Decision Making Medical LLMs Clinical Language Model Evaluation

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We present PULSE, a medical reasoning agent that combines a domain-tuned large language model with scientific literature retrieval to support diagnostic decision-making in complex real-world cases. To evaluate its capabilities, we curated a benchmark of 82 authentic endocrinology case reports encompassing a broad spectrum of disease types and incidence levels. In controlled experiments, we compared PULSE's performance against physicians with varying levels of expertise-from residents to senior specialists-and examined how AI assistance influenced human diagnostic reasoning. PULSE attained expert-competitive accuracy, outperforming residents and junior specialists while matching senior specialist performance at both Top@1 and Top@4 thresholds. Unlike physicians, whose accuracy declined with disease rarity, PULSE maintained stable performance across incidence tiers. The agent also exhibited adaptive reasoning, increasing output length with case difficulty in a manner analogous to the longer deliberation observed among expert clinicians. When used collaboratively, PULSE enabled physicians to correct initial errors and broaden diagnostic hypotheses, but also introduced risks of automation bias. The study explores both serial and concurrent collaboration workflows, revealing that PULSE offers robust support across common and rare presentations. These findings underscore both the promise and the limitations of language model-based agents in clinical diagnosis, and offer a framework for evaluating their role in real-world decision-making.