Human-AI Decision Making

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16 papers in the last four weeks, up 300% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Justice After Identity: Large Language Models and the View from Everywhere
Oct 6, 2026W. Russell NeumanMoral Reasoning in Language Models Moral Reasoning
Careful Judge: Safe and Efficient Human-AI Collaborative Decision Making
Oct 6, 2026Chenyu Zhang, Rachel Luo, Boyi Li +3Human-AI Decision Making Human-in-the-Loop AI
MIT · NVIDIA · NVIDIA, Stanford University
DelegationBench: Measuring When AI Agents Should Ask Before Acting
Oct 4, 2026Shiva PochampallyLLM Agent Evaluation AI Agent Benchmarks
Judgement in the Age of Jev: From Evaluation Scarcity to Evaluation Abundance
Oct 1, 2026Richard HillAutomated Evaluation Human-AI Decision Making
Department of Computer Science, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
Should I stay or should I show? Learning to selectively disclose information
Sep 30, 2026Carlotta Giacchetta, Alessando Bogani, Cesare Barbera +4Value of Information Human-AI Decision Making
University of Trento, Trento, Italy · University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy · ETH AI Center & ETH, Zürich, Switzerland +1
Referential Uncertainty in Human--AI Collaboration
Sep 30, 2026Christian Poelitz, Finale Doshi-Velez, Siân LindleyLLM Uncertainty Estimation Human-AI Decision Making
Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK · Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Rational Clarification by Assistive Agents via Value-of-Information Reasoning
Sep 29, 2026T. Duy Nguyen-Hien, Yee Whye Teh, Wee Sun Lee +1Value of Information Clarification Question Generation
Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore · Department of Statistics, University of Oxford · Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
ThuRunel: Dynamic Decoupling for Structured Advisory Dialogue
Sep 28, 2026Yuyan ChenConversational Agents Human-AI Decision Making
ModelsLive Inc.
An auditable conditional-strategy framework for open-ended decision-making in complex lung cancer
Sep 24, 2026Daoyun Wang, Zhicheng Huang, Huaiyuan Sun +39Clinical Decision Support Clinical Decision-Making
Learning to Defer with Guidance on Real World Medical Data
Sep 22, 2026Emma Sun, Joshua Strong, Alison NobleLearning to Defer Human-in-the-Loop AI
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
Toward Responsible AI-Augmented Cyber Defense: Pattern Recognition, Defense-in-Depth, and the Case for Human-AI Collaboration
Sep 22, 2026Mustafa S. Aljumaily, Hayder Kareem Abed, Nawar S. AlseelawiCybersecurity Human-AI Decision Making
Research and Development (R&D) Department, Daw Alfada Company, Baghdad, Iraq · CEO, Daw Alfada Company, Baghdad, Iraq · University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
Deflecting the Value Compass: Interacting with Large Language Models Temporarily Shifts Human Value Priorities Toward Personal Focus
Sep 22, 2026Hasibur Rahman, Malak Sadek, Smit DesaiAI-Assisted Decision Making Human-AI Decision Making
Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA · Centre for Human-Inspired Artificial Intelligence (CHIA) University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Trustworthy FinAInce: Unpacking How AI-Mediated Financial Advice is Judged
Sep 17, 2026Aryan Ramchandra Kapadia, Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Koustuv SahaTrust in AI Human-AI Decision Making
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
Designing Against Deskilling: Metacognitive Feedback Reduces Cognitive Offloading to LLM Assistants
Sep 17, 2026Sebastian Maier, Kai Schwabe, Manuel Schneider +1AI in Education Human-AI Decision Making
LMU Munich & Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Germany · LMU Munich, Germany
What Counts as Strategic Reasoning? A Systematic Mapping of Chess Research on Humans, Engines, and Language Models
Sep 16, 2026Paolo Ciancarini, Remo PareschiChess Human-AI Decision Making
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy · Stake Lab, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
LLMs as Oracles: Reliance on LLMs for Subjective Personal Questions
Sep 13, 2026Myra Cheng, Lujain Ibrahim, Grace Liu +5Trust in AI Human-AI Decision Making
University of Oxford Oxford, England · Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Understanding Operator Attitudes Toward AI-Supported Decision Making in Maritime Operations
Sep 12, 2026Doreen Jirak, Armeen Saroukanoff, Dirk van RooyAI-Assisted Decision Making Explainable Artificial Intelligence
University of Antwerp, Paardenmarkt 94, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium · Antwerp Maritime Academy (AMA), Noordkasteel Oost 6, 2030 Antwerp, Belgium
Emergency Department Revisit Quality Review Screening: Exploring Human Decision-Making and Artificial Intelligence Support
Sep 9, 2026Jonathan A. Handler, Marlene I. Robles-Granda, Jacob E. Mefford +5Clinical Decision Support Clinical Decision-Making
Clinical Intelligence and Advanced Data Lab, OSF HealthCare, Peoria, IL · Digital Innovation Development, OSF HealthCare, Peoria, IL · OnCall, OSF HealthCare, Peoria, IL +7
One AI Signal, Many Human Judgments: A Bayesian Cascade Analysis of AI-based Credibility Indicators in Online Information Spread
Aug 31, 2026Zhuoran Lu, Weilong Wang, Yangyang Yu +4Trust in AI Human-AI Decision Making
Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana, USA · St John’s University New York, New York, USA · Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey, USA +2
Are Concept Bottleneck Models Effective as Decision-Support Systems?
Aug 26, 2026Alessandro Bogani, Nicola Debole, Emanuele Marconato +3Concept Bottleneck Models Human-AI Decision Making
DISI, University of Trento, Italy · CIMeC, University of Trento, Italy
BoardroomAI: Dependency-Aware Human-Steerable Multi-Agent Deliberation through Evolving Decision Graphs
Aug 13, 2026Sanjeev ManivannanHuman-in-the-Loop AI Multi-Agent Systems
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
How People Evaluate AI-, Expert-, and Peer-Style Financial Advice
Aug 10, 2026Aryan Ramchandra Kapadia, Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Koustuv SahaHuman-AI Interaction Human-AI Decision Making
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA
Shaping Human-AI Interactions to Provide Improvement Pathways and Balance Competing Objectives
Aug 6, 2026Keziah NaggitaStrategic Classification Human-AI Interaction
TOYOTA TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE AT CHICAGO Chicago, Illinois
The Judgment-Consequence Gap: LLM Moral Reasoning in Healthcare Decisions
Aug 6, 2026Hadi Hosseini, Samarth Khanna, Leona PierceMoral Reasoning in Language Models Clinical Decision-Making
Pennsylvania State University
Responsibility in Multi-Agent Sequential Decision-Making: Comparing Human Judgments to Formal Models of Causal Attribution
Aug 5, 2026Nripsuta Ani Saxena, Stelios Triantafyllou, Goran RadanovićActual Causality Multi-Agent Systems
University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA · Max Planck Institute for Software Systems Saarbrücken, Germany
PredAct-Bench: Benchmarking Tool-Augmented Dialogue under Controlled Tool Noise
Aug 3, 2026Abdulrahman AlRabah, Xiaocheng Yang, Dilek Hakkani-Tür +1AI Agent Reliability AI-Assisted Decision Making
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
The Scaling Paradox in Human-AI Collaboration
Aug 1, 2026Anyan Qi, Mengxin WangHuman-AI Decision Making Human-AI Collaboration
Naveen Jindal School of Management, University of Texas at Dallas, USA
The Social Cost of an AI Teammate: How an Artificial Teammate Reshapes Human-Human Communication in Small-Team Decision-Making
Jul 29, 2026Nia Nixon, Jaeyoon Choi, Pedro Martins De Bastos +4Human-AI Decision Making Human-AI Collaboration
University of California, Irvine, USA · University of Tübingen, Germany
Position: We Need Practical AI Alignment Methods to Mirror Human Reasoning
Jul 20, 2026Vijay Keswani, Breanna K. Nguyen, Cyrus Cousins +3Explainable Artificial Intelligence AI Alignment
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Delhi · Department of Philosophy, Duke University · Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University +1
Does Multi-Agent Debate Improve AI Feedback on Research Papers?
Jul 16, 2026Tomas Havranek, Zuzana IrsovaLLM-as-a-Judge Multi-Agent Debate
Charles University, Prague · Centre for Economic Policy Research, London · Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford

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Justice After Identity: Large Language Models and the View from Everywhere

W. Russell Neuman

Moral Reasoning in Language Models Moral Reasoning Human-AI Decision Making Algorithmic Fairness

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The search for a common view of justice and fairness has challenged human collective activity, as our diverging judgments are unavoidably shaped by the self-interests of social position, personal benefit, cultural inheritance, and historical circumstance. John Rawls famously attempted to overcome this limitation through popularizing a philosophical tradition known by the phrase "the original position" - a thought experiment by which people select principles of justice without knowing the identities or advantages they will possess. Critics, however, have long questioned whether people can meaningfully suspend their social identities and suppress morally relevant forms of lived experience. Artificial intelligence engaged to calculate algorithmic and agentic fairness introduces a novel possibility. LLMs have no singular class, race, gender, nationality, or biography, yet their parameters encode linguistic representations of a vast range of human identities and moral traditions. Perhaps the ethical judgments of LLMs could approximate an integrative original position - a "view from everywhere" generated not by excluding social identities but by computationally incorporating their diversity.It is unlikely that humankind will "hand over the keys" to computational systems by simply delegating complete agentic control of distributive and procedural collective processes. But AI may play a role, perhaps a positive one, interacting with individual and collective human judgment as we often confront increasingly polarized views on what is fair and just. We present data comparing human, base model, and frontier/fine-tuned model judgments about classic moral dilemmas while systematically varying identity relationships and Rawlsian constraints on identity. We conclude by speculating whether, if advanced AI systems provide humans with thoughtful advice, humans would actually be likely to accept it.

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