Medical Imaging Foundation Models

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24 papers in the last four weeks, up 167% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Evaluation of Clinically Steerable Retinal Image Generation from Foundation Model Latent Spaces
Aug 13, 2026Zuzanna A. Wakefield-Skórniewska, Bartłomiej W. PapieżSynthetic-to-Real Domain Adaptation Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Mr3D-VL: A generalist vision language foundation model for Multiparametric 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Aug 13, 2026Zhi Qiao, Xintong Wu, Yichu He +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models 3D Medical Imaging
United Imaging Intelligence, Shanghai, China
GenFAR: A generalized representation of brain structure, derived from 49,246 multi-cohort MRIs via deep learning
Aug 12, 2026Vishnu M. Bashyam, Guray Erus, Junhao Wen +29Medical Imaging Foundation Models Multi-Task Learning
Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Lab, University of Pennsylvania · Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania · Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne +16
Frozen Brain-MRI Foundation Models Are Site Fingerprints
Aug 10, 2026Saman RahbarMedical Imaging Medical Imaging Foundation Models
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
A continually expandable foundation model for brain MRI
Aug 8, 2026Michail Mamalakis, Carmen Jimenez-Mesa, Yonghao Li +8Medical Imaging Foundation Models Continual Learning
1*Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. · Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0FD, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. · Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. +7
Distilling CT Foundation Models into Editable Concept Bottlenecks for Lung Nodule Malignancy Prediction
Aug 8, 2026Fakrul Islam Tushar, Stephen Adamo, Geoffrey D. RubinMedical Imaging Foundation Models Concept Bottleneck Models
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
DINO-3DRA: Leveraging 2D Foundation Model Semantics for 3D Cerebral Aneurysm Segmentation
Aug 7, 2026Jiayang Lu, Fengming Lin, Alejandro F. Frangi +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Transfer Learning
Centre for Computational Imaging and Modelling in Medicine (CIMIM), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK · Christabel Pankhurst Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK · Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK +2
Foundation Models Adaptation for Multi-View Multi-modal Cardiac MRI Segmentation and Direct Ejection Fraction Estimation
Aug 7, 2026Sina Amirrajab, Cian M Scannell, Volker Vehof +2Medical Imaging Foundation Models Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Estimation
The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. · Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Cardiology I, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
A foundation-model approach to pediatric headache classification from rs-fMRI
Aug 7, 2026Guilherme S. Imai Aldeia, Clara Moon, Julie Shulman +5Medical Imaging Foundation Models Medical Diagnosis
Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA · Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA · Pediatric Pain Pathway Lab; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA +3
Do 3D Medical Foundation Models See Through MRI Artifacts? A Controlled Study of Representation Robustness
Aug 6, 2026Julia Anna Mielcarz, Daniel Klaaby, Mostafa Mehdipour Ghazi3D Foundation Models Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Pioneer Centre for AI, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Big, Bright, or Invisible: A Frozen-Feature Benchmark of 3D CT Foundation Models
Aug 6, 2026Maulik Chevli, Johannes Brandt, Rickmer Braren +23D Foundation Models Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Chair for AI in Healthcare and Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) and TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany · Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, UKE Hamburg, Germany · Dept. of Computing, Imperial College London, UK +1
Curia-MAE: Multi-Modal Multi-Anatomy MAE Pre-Training for 3D Medical Image Segmentation
Aug 6, 2026Théo Danielou, Antoine Saporta, Léo Alberge +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Masked Autoencoders
Raidium
Text-Guided Refinement of Multi-sequence Glioma Subregion Segmentation with a Vision-Language Foundation Model
Aug 5, 2026Zach Eidex, Yu-nong Lin, Mojtaba Safari +4Interactive Medical Image Segmentation Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA · Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA · Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
EndoVLM: An Endoscopy Vision-Language Pre-training Model via Anatomy-Guided Sparsity and Progressive Alignment
Aug 5, 2026Zhenyu Yi, Jianwei Xu, Yue Hu +6Medical Imaging Foundation Models Medical VLMs
1DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group · 3Shanghai Jiao Tong University · 4Hupan Lab +3
Generative AI and Foundation Models in Medical Image
Aug 3, 2026Masahiro OdaMedical Imaging Foundation Models Medical Image Synthesis
Data Science Research Division, Information Technology Center, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. · Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Few-Shot Concept Prompt Learning for Segmentation Foundation Models via Visual Grounding
Aug 3, 2026Rahul Venkataramani, Rachana SathishMedical Imaging Foundation Models Promptable Image Segmentation
Advanced Technology Group, GE HealthCare
Location-Aware Fine-Grained Representation Learning for Medical Vision Foundation Models
Aug 2, 2026Myeongkyun Kang, Yanting Yang, Xiaoxiao LiMedical Imaging Foundation Models Medical Image Grounding
The University of British Columbia · Vector Institute
Representation Transfer of Foundation Models for Ultra-Widefield Retinal Imaging
Aug 1, 2026Mingya Alexa Gong, Da Ma, Lovre Antonio Budimir +7Medical Imaging Foundation Models Diabetic Retinopathy Grading
Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom · Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA · Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA +5
MedSAM2-Anatomy: Training-Free Inference-Time Optimization for Musculoskeletal Segmentation
Jul 31, 2026John Garcia Henao, Nicholas Bünger, Benedikt Herzog +11Medical Imaging Foundation Models Inference-Time Optimization
Digital Medicine Unit Team, Balgrist University Hospital, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland · Research Centre for Computational Health, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland · Hip and Pelvis Surgery Team, Balgrist University Hospital, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland +1
MoPET: Parameter-Efficient Mixture-of-Experts for Unified Medical Image Classification
Jul 31, 2026Sebastian Doerrich, Daniel Würtinger, Francesco Di Salvo +2Medical Imaging Foundation Models Medical Image Classification
xAILab Bamberg, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
UltraSAM3: A Concept-Driven Foundation Model for Universal Ultrasound Image Segmentation
Jul 31, 2026Bo Xu, Quanhao Zhu, Rui Lin +5Ultrasound Image Segmentation Medical Imaging Foundation Models
School of Software Dalian University of Technology · School of Computing Technologies RMIT University · Dalian University of Technology Affiliated Center Hospital
Do Medical Foundation Models Generalize on the African Brain?
Jul 30, 2026Kaouther Mouheb, Gonzalo Esteban Mosquera Rojas, Juancito van Leeuwen +2Medical Imaging Foundation Models Neuroimaging
Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Negative controls reveal volume-driven confounding in radiomics and imaging foundation model features
Jul 30, 2026Katy L. Scott, Sejin Kim, Joshua Siraj +6Medical Imaging Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto, ON · Radiation Medicine Program Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Toronto, ON
Benchmarking Foundation and Large Language Models for Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
Jul 30, 2026Jinghong Liu, Yuchuan Deng, Fanping Liu +2Medical Imaging Foundation Models Few-Shot Medical Image Segmentation
Renmin University of China
Rethinking Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Assumptions, Reality, and Reframing
Jul 29, 2026Arman Rahmim, Nourhan Bayasi, Xiaoxiao Li +2Medical Imaging Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Department of Basic and Translational Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada · Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada · Departments of Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada +3
Anatomy Contextualized Adaption of CT Foundation Models
Jul 29, 2026Roshan Kenia, Stephanie L McNamara, William LotterMedical Imaging Foundation Models VLM Adaptation
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA · Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA · Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA +2
Empirical investigation of 3D CT Foundation Models and Unsupervised Adaptation for Head and Neck Cancer Recurrence Prediction
Jul 29, 2026Bilel Guetarni, Feryal Windal, David Pasquier +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
University of Lille, CRISTAL UMR CNRS 9189, France · Junia, Lille, France · UMR 8520, CNRS, France +4
Comparing the Performance of Foundation Model Derived Embeddings with Traditional Approaches for Distant Metastasis Prediction in Head and Neck Cancer
Jul 28, 2026Erich Schmitz, Meixu Chen, Bowen Jing +1Medical Imaging Foundation Models Clinical Outcome Prediction
Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) and Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
Rad-JEPA 3D: Radiology Joint-Embedding Predictive Model for 3D Computed Tomography
Jul 28, 2026Quoc-Huy Trinh, Minh-Van Nguyen, Ulas BagciMedical Imaging Foundation Models 3D Medical Imaging
Northwestern University · Technical University of Denmark
OrganLens: Organ-Specific Representation Learning for CT Foundation Models
Jul 28, 2026Zhixuan Ge, Anqi Li, Sadeer Al-Kindi +2Medical Imaging Foundation Models Representation Learning
Rice University Houston, Texas, USA · Department of Cardiology DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center Houston, Texas, USA · University of Washington Seattle, Washington, USA

Aug 13, 2026, cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Evaluation of Clinically Steerable Retinal Image Generation from Foundation Model Latent Spaces

Zuzanna A. Wakefield-Skórniewska, Bartłomiej W. Papież

Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom

Synthetic-to-Real Domain Adaptation Medical Imaging Foundation Models Medical Image Synthesis Image Generation Evaluation Controllable Image Generation

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Medical foundation models learn latent representations of clinically meaningful phenotypes, yet their ability to support controllable image generation remains largely unexplored. We evaluate four retinal foundation models within the representation tokenizer framework and examine whether demographic and clinical information encoded in latent representations from foundation models is preserved during synthetic image generation. We show that generated representations and images faithfully inherit phenotype information when evaluated within their originating foundation models, consistently outperforming conventional latent diffusion on multiple downstream prediction tasks. However, these gains largely disappear when evaluated using classifiers trained on real images, revealing a previously uncharacterised synthetic-to-real representation gap. These findings demonstrate that foundation-model latent spaces provide a powerful substrate for controllable retinal synthesis while highlighting the need to better align synthetic representations with real-image distributions.

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