Long Short-Term Memory

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Agent Memory

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Long-Term Memory

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Factual Recall

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Large Language Model Memory

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Retrieval Recall

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Memory-Augmented Large Language Models

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Explicit Memory

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Long-Term Conversational Memory

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Hierarchical Graph Memory

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Episodic Memory

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Multimodal Memory

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Memory Retrieval

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Do Factual Recall Mechanisms Carry over from Text to Speech in Multimodal Language Models?
May 21, 2026Luca Modica, Filip Landin, Mehrdad Farahani +3Multi-Modal Large Language Models Factual Recall
Short-Term-to-Long-Term Memory Transfer for Knowledge Graphs under Partial Observability
May 21, 2026Taewoon Kim, Vincent François-Lavet, Michael CochezHierarchical Graph Memory Temporal Knowledge Graphs
The Log is the Agent: Event-Sourced Reactive Graphs for Auditable, Forkable Agentic Systems
May 21, 2026Yohei NakajimaHierarchical Graph Memory Agentic Systems
Memory Grafting: Scaling Language Model Pre-training via Offline Conditional Memory
May 20, 2026Runxi Cheng, Yuchen Guan, Yongxian Wei +7N$-Grams Features Long-Term Memory
DualOptim+: Bridging Shared and Decoupled Optimizer States for Better Machine Unlearning in Large Language Models
May 20, 2026Xuyang Zhong, Qizhang Li, Yiwen Guo +1Machine Unlearning Memory-Augmented Large Language Models
MemGym: a Long-Horizon Memory Environment for LLM Agents
May 20, 2026Wujiang Xu, Yu Wang, Kai Mei +8Agent Memory Agentic Benchmarks
Auto-Dreamer: Learning Offline Memory Consolidation for Language Agents
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MedExpMem: Adapting Experience Memory for Differential Diagnosis
May 20, 2026Qianhan Feng, Zhongzhen Huang, Yakun Zhu +4Clinical Reasoning Diagnostic Benchmark
SMA-DP: Spectral Memory-Aware Differential Privacy for Deep Learning
May 19, 2026Mohammad Partohaghighi, Roummel MarciaDifferential Privacy Stochastic Gradient Descent
Graph-Augmented Retrieval for Cross-Entity Financial Sentiment Analysis: A Comparative Study
May 19, 2026Rajan Bastakoti, Sagar Bhetwal, Nirajan Acharya +1Financial Sentiment Analysis Graph-Based Retrieval Augmented Generation
CogScale: Scalable Benchmark for Sequence Processing
May 19, 2026Yannis Bendi-Ouis, Romain de Coudenhove, Xavier HinautNeural Architectures Sequence Modeling
Memory-Augmented Reinforcement Learning Agent for CAD Generation
May 19, 2026Yin Xiaolong, Liu Yu, Shen Jiahang +4Computer-Aided Design Memory-Augmented Large Language Models
An Objective Performance Evaluation of the LSTM Networks in Time Series Classification
May 19, 2026Sooraj Sunil, Balakumar BalasingamTime-Series Classification Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory
MMoA: An AI-Agent framework with recurrence for Memoried Mixure-of-Agent
May 18, 2026Rui ChuMulti-Agent Large Language Model Multi-Agent Large Language Model Systems
EgoExoMem: Cross-View Memory Reasoning over Synchronized Egocentric and Exocentric Videos
May 18, 2026Ruiping Liu, Junwei Zheng, Yufan Chen +7Egocentric Video Egocentric Vision
Predictable Confabulations: Factual Recall by LLMs Scales with Model Size and Topic Frequency
May 18, 2026Matthew L. Smith, Jonathan P. Shock, Samuel T. Segun +2Large Language Model Performance Factual Recall
MementoGUI: Learning Agentic Multimodal Memory Control for Long-Horizon GUI Agents
May 18, 2026Ziyun Zeng, Hang Hua, Bocheng Zou +3Agent Memory Graphical User Interface
Data Presentation Over Architecture: Resampling Strategies for Credit Risk Prediction with Tabular Foundation Models
May 18, 2026Aditya Tanna, Mitul Solanki, Mohamed Bouadi +3Credit Risk Prediction Tabular Foundation Models
MINTEval: Evaluating Memory under Multi-Target Interference in Long-Horizon Agent Systems
May 18, 2026Hyunji Lee, Justin Chih-Yao Chen, Joykirat Singh +3Agent Memory Long-Horizon Tasks
OEP: Poisoning Self-Evolving LLM Agents via Locally Correct but Non-Transferable Experiences
May 18, 2026Kaixiang Wang, Jiong Lou, Zhaojiacheng Zhou +1Language Model Evasion Attacks Poisoning
EvoMemBench: Benchmarking Agent Memory from a Self-Evolving Perspective
May 18, 2026Yuyao Wang, Zhongjian Zhang, Mo Chi +7Agent Memory Cognitive Memory
CommitDistill: A Lightweight Knowledge-Centric Memory Layer for Software Repositories
May 18, 2026Divya Chukkapalli, Thejesh Avula, Aditya Aggarwal +2Repository Commits
KVDrive: A Holistic Multi-Tier KV Cache Management System for Long-Context LLM Inference
May 18, 2026Jian Lin, Jiazhi Mi, Zicong Hong +5Key-Value Cache Efficient Long-Context Inference
Remembering More, Risking More: Longitudinal Safety Risks in Memory-Equipped LLM Agents
May 18, 2026Ahmad Al-Tawaha, Shangding Gu, Peizhi Niu +2Agent Memory Large Language Model Safety
Evidence-Guided Unknown Rejection for High-Confidence Near-Known Unknowns
May 18, 2026Xi Chen, Yingjun Xiao, Gang FangRejection Open-Set Recognition
SocialMemBench: Are AI Memory Systems Ready for Social Group Settings?
May 18, 2026Olukunle OwolabiConversational Benchmarks Agent Memory
Sequential Structure in Intraday Futures Data: LSTM vs Gradient Boosting on MNQ
May 18, 2026Mathias MesfinBidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Stochastic Volatility
EXG: Self-Evolving Agents with Experience Graphs
May 18, 2026Yuxin Jin, Siyuan Zhang, Hanchen Wang +3Self-Evolving Agents Experience
Causal Intervention-Based Memory Selection for Long-Horizon LLM Agents
May 17, 2026Saksham Sahai SrivastavaLong-Term Memory Causal Intervention
MARQUIS: A Three-Stage Pipeline for Video Retrieval-Augmented Generation
May 17, 2026Debashish Chakraborty, Dengjia Zhang, Jialiang Jin +7Multi-Source Retrieval-Augmented Generation Retrieval Recall
Episodic-Semantic Memory Architecture for Long-Horizon Scientific Agents
May 17, 2026Nikola MilosevicLarge Language Model Memory Episodic Experiences
NeuSymMS: A Hybrid Neuro-Symbolic Memory System for Persistent, Self-Curating LLM Agents
May 17, 2026Mujahid Sultan, Sri Thuraisamy, Daya RajaratnamAgent Memory Neuro-Symbolic Framework
MemRepair: Hierarchical Memory for Agentic Repository-Level Vulnerability Repair
May 17, 2026Simiao Liu, Li Zhang, Fang Liu +3Vulnerability Detection & Repair Repository-Level Code Understanding
MATE: Solving Contextual Markov Decision Processes with Memory of Accumulated Transition Embeddings
May 17, 2026Himchan Hwang, Hyeokju Jeong, Gene Chung +3Markov Decision Processes Markov
Memory-Augmented Query Intent Understanding for Efficient Chat-based Image Retrieval
May 17, 2026Xianke Chen, Daizong Liu, Yushuo Lou +5Composed Image Retrieval Single Images
Taming "Zombie'' Agents: A Markov State-Aware Framework for Resilient Multi-Agent Evolution
May 17, 2026Taolin Zhang, Pukun Zhao, Qizhou Chen +5Multi-Agent Evolution Agent Memory
Parallel Recursive LSTM
May 16, 2026Tristan Gaudreault, Yongyi MaoParallel Recurrent Neural Networks
PyraVid: Hierarchical Multimodal Memory for Long-Horizon Video Reasoning
May 16, 2026Sikuan Yan, Sicheng Dong, Haotong Wang +8Multimodal Memory Video Understanding
MemForest: An Efficient Agent Memory System with Hierarchical Temporal Indexing
May 16, 2026Han Chen, Zining Zhang, Wenqi Pei +6Agent Memory Lifecycle
LASAR: Towards Spatio-temporal Reasoning with Latent Cognitive Map
May 16, 2026Jinzhou Tang, Sidi Liu, Waikit Xiu +2Cognitive Map Embodied Agents
NGM: A Plug-and-Play Training-Free Memory Module for LLMs
May 16, 2026Yuwen Qu, Wenhui Dong, Chenyang Si +1Large Language Model Memory N$-Grams Features
MixSD: Mixed Contextual Self-Distillation for Knowledge Injection
May 16, 2026Jiarui Liu, Lechen Zhang, Yongjin Yang +5Knowledge Distillation Supervised Fine-Tuning
Pedestrian-Aware LLM-Driven Behavioral Planning for Autonomous Vehicles
May 16, 2026Aidana Baimbetova, Haruki Yonekura, Hamada Rizk +1Pedestrian Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
Learning to Learn from Multimodal Experience
May 16, 2026Xingyu Sui, Weixiang Zhao, Yongxin Tang +4Experience-Driven Learning Multimodal Memory
State Contamination in Memory-Augmented LLM Agents
May 16, 2026Yian Wang, Agam Goyal, Yuen Chen +1Agent Memory Large Language Model Agents
GRID: Graph Representation of Intelligence Data for Security Text Knowledge Graph Construction
May 15, 2026Liangyi Huang, Zichen Liu, Fei Shao +5Knowledge Graphs Graph Representations
Recall Isn't Enough: Bounding Commitments in Personalized Language Systems
May 15, 2026Rui Tang, Yichi Zhang, Xi Chen +4Label Constraint Modeling Factual Recall
Visual Agentic Memory: Enabling Online Long Video Understanding via Online Indexing, Hierarchical Memory, and Agentic Retrieval
May 15, 2026Aiden Yiliu Li, Nels Numan, Anthony SteedVideo Understanding Visual Memory
FORGE: Self-Evolving Agent Memory With No Weight Updates via Population Broadcast
May 15, 2026Igor Bogdanov, Chung-Horng Lung, Thomas Kunz +3Large Language Model Agents Agent Memory
RecMem: Recurrence-based Memory Consolidation for Efficient and Effective Long-Running LLM Agents
May 15, 2026Zijie Dai, Shiyuan Deng, Sheng Guan +4Cognitive Memory Long-Term Memory
DimMem: Dimensional Structuring for Efficient Long-Term Agent Memory
May 15, 2026Wentao Qiu, Haotian Hu, Fanyi Wang +2Agent Memory Long-Term Memory
SMMBench: A Benchmark for Source-Distributed Multimodal Agent Memory
May 15, 2026Huacan Chai, Yukai Wang, Yingxuan Yang +7Multimodal Memory Multimodal Reasoning Benchmarks
H-Mem: A Novel Memory Mechanism for Evolving and Retrieving Agent Memory via a Hybrid Structure
May 15, 2026Jiawei Yu, Yixiang Fang, Xilin Liu +1Agent Memory Evolving
Residual Reinforcement Learning for Robot Teleoperation under Stochastic Delays
May 14, 2026Kaize Deng, Zewen YangIterative Reinforcement Learning Teleoperation
DrugSAGE:Self-evolving Agent Experience for Efficient State-of-the-Art Drug Discovery
May 14, 2026Yikun Zhang, Xiwei Cheng, Tianyu Liu +2Drug Discovery Self-Evolving Agents
DualKV: Shared-Prompt Flash Attention for Efficient RL Training with Large Rollouts and Long Contexts
May 14, 2026Jiading Gai, Shuai Zhang, Xiang Song +2Quadratic Attention Efficient Long-Context Inference
Is One Score Enough? Rethinking the Evaluation of Sequentially Evolving LLM Memory
May 14, 2026Songwei Dong, Zihan Chen, Chengshuai Shi +3Large Language Model Memory Sequential
One Pass Is Not Enough: Recursive Latent Refinement for Generative Models
May 14, 2026Mehdi Esmaeilzadeh, Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau, Chirag Vashist +1Large-Scale Image Generation Generative Models
MeMo: Memory as a Model
May 14, 2026Ryan Wei Heng Quek, Sanghyuk Lee, Alfred Wei Lun Leong +6Large Language Model Memory
MemEye: A Visual-Centric Evaluation Framework for Multimodal Agent Memory
May 14, 2026Minghao Guo, Qingyue Jiao, Zeru Shi +14Multimodal Memory

May 21, 2026 · cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Do Factual Recall Mechanisms Carry over from Text to Speech in Multimodal Language Models?

Luca Modica, Filip Landin, Mehrdad Farahani, Livia Qian+2

Zenseact · Chalmers University of Technology · University of Gothenburg · Unbox AI · KTH Royal Institute of Technology

In recent years, several Speech Language Models (SLMs) that represent speech and written text jointly have been presented. The question then emerges about how model-internal mechanisms are similar and different when operating in the two modalities. We focus on how these systems encode, store, and retrieve factual knowledge, which has previously been investigated for text-only models. To investigate mechanisms behind the storage and recall of factual association in SLMs, we leverage Causal Mediation Analysis, a technique previously applied to text-based models. Initial results using SpiritLM, a multimodal model integrating discrete speech tokens reveal discrepancies between text-to-text and speech-to-text results, suggesting that the emergent mechanisms for factual recall are only partially carried over from the text to the speech modality. These results advance our understanding of how internal mechanisms encode factual associations in SLMs while contributing insights for improving speech-enabled AI systems.

Multi-Modal Large Language Models Factual Recall Causal Mediation Analysis

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