Counterfactual Generation

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10 papers in the last four weeks, up 233% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. Counterfactual Generation via Flow Matching: Coupling-Sensitive End-to-End Rates

    Oct 1, 2026Yunrui Guan, Krishnakumar Balasubramanian, Shiva Prasad KasiviswanathanCounterfactual GenerationAccelerated Sampling

    Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University. · Amazon · Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis.

  2. Towards Fast and Disentangled Counterfactuals for Visual Foundation Models

    Oct 1, 2026Sidney Bender, Benedikt Kunz, Ahmed Zeid +3Wireless Foundation ModelsCounterfactual Generation

    Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data (BIFOLD), Berlin, Germany · Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

  3. Fixing a Model That Learned Worse Cancer Means Lower Risk: Monotonic Constraints in Bladder Cancer Recurrence Prediction

    Oct 1, 2026Saram Abbas, David Thomas, Naeem Soomro +3Multidisciplinary Tumor BoardsMulticenter Evaluation

    School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK · Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK · Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK +1

  4. ASCT: Attentive Search over Counterfactual Trees for Credit Assignment in Agentic Reinforcement Learning

    Sep 28, 2026Yang Li, Jinhan Yang, hai liu +8Agentic Reinforcement LearningCredit Assignment

    University of Hong Kong · The Chinese University of Hong Kong · Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University +1

  5. InfraVLA: Extending Vision-Language-Action Navigation with Infrastructure Cameras

    Sep 27, 2026Lukas Vierling, Benjamin Ramtoula, Luke Robinson +2Object Goal NavigationCamera

    Dept. of Computer Science, University of Oxford · Oxford Robotics Institute, University of Oxford

  6. Pulseflow: PPG Counterfactual Generation Via Latent Transport

    Sep 27, 2026Hung Manh Pham, Dong Ma, Bin Zhu +1Remote PhotoplethysmographyGenerative Models

    University of Cambridge, United Kingdom

  7. HelloWorld: Towards Practical Applications of Generative Driving World Models

    Sep 24, 2026Fan Lu, Hanshi Wang, Zijing Wang +20World ModelsCounterfactual Generation

  8. Reproducing Transparent and Scrutable Recommendations: Exploring Open-Weight Models via Natural-Language User Profiles

    Sep 17, 2026Noah Mamié, Laurin van den BerghProfileTransparency

    University of Zurich Department of Informatics

  9. Legible Failures: Detecting and Repairing In-Context Binding Errors

    Sep 11, 2026Manas Venkata Sai Ravulapalli, Samrath Singh Chadha, Abhinav M. HariIn-ContextConfidence Calibration

    Efficient Computation Inc.

  10. AVCG: A Generalized Variational Framework for Counterfactual Generation under Hypothesis Distributions

    Sep 7, 2026Jamie Duell, Alejandro Jimenez Rodriguez, Mahault AlbarracinCounterfactual ExplanationCounterfactual Generation

    School of Computing and Digital Technologies, Sheffield Hallam University · Centre of Excellence in AI and Robotics (CEAIR), Sheffield Hallam University · 3Laboratoire d’analyse cognitive de l’information (LANCI), Université du Québec à Montréal +2

  11. Dual Spatial-Temporal Attribution: Architecture-Aligned Post-Hoc Explainability for Recurrent Graph Anomaly Detection

    Aug 12, 2026Iyad Assaad Nekka, Hamida Seba, Khaled Walid Hidouci +1Generalist Graph Anomaly DetectionGraph Representations

    LCSI Laboratory, National Higher School of Computer Science (ESI), Algiers, Algeria · Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France

  12. How Can Driving World Models Do Counterfactual Prediction?

    Aug 12, 2026Jiaru Zhang, Can Cui, Yi Xu +3Counterfactual GenerationCounterfactuals

    Purdue University · Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence

  13. Twin Rollouts: Noise-Coupled Counterfactual Branching in Interactive Video World Models

    Aug 10, 2026Yu Ma, Hongli Shi, Xinran XuCounterfactual GenerationVideo World Models

  14. Evidence-RL: Towards Evidence-intensive Visual Reasoning

    Aug 8, 2026Haojie Huang, Xinlei Yu, Chengming Xu +6Vision-Language Model GroundingVisual Reasoning

    National University of Singapore · Zhejiang University · Fudan University +2

  15. AlphaG-OPD: Reliability-Gated Sibling Counterfactuals for On-Policy Distillation in Symbolic Alpha Factor Discovery

    Aug 2, 2026Yaoyu SuUni-OpdGenerative Flow Networks

  16. Class-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Counterfactual Explanation Generation

    Jul 30, 2026Muhammad Adil Saleem, Syed Ali Raza, Mary-Anne WilliamsCounterfactual ExplanationCounterfactual Generation

    Department of Computer Science, Institute of Business Administration Karachi, University Road, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan. · Commonwealth Bank of Australia, The Foundry, 1 Locomotive St, Eveleigh NSW 2015, Sydney, 2015, NSW, Australia. · Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, California, USA. +1

  17. Bounding the Causal Impact of ML-assisted Decision-Making via Counterfactual Correctness

    Jul 23, 2026Jonathan Zhang, Erik Skalnes, Jacob Chen +1Causal InferencesCounterfactual Generation

    Computer Science Dept., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

  18. Beyond Sufficiency: Time Series Explanation with Counterfactual Necessity

    Jul 23, 2026Hongnan Ma, Yiwei Shi, Mengyue Yang +1Time SeriesCounterfactual Explanation

    School of Computer Science, University of Bristol · School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol

  19. A Multi-Dimensional Evaluation of Explainability in Media Bias Detection

    Jul 22, 2026Ting Chen, Raina Zhang, Benjamin M. Ampel +1ExplainabilityMulti-Dimensional Evaluation

    Carnegie Mellon University · Indiana University · Georgia State University

  20. Generating Bearing Vibration Signals at User-Specified Fault Probabilities Using PR-GAN and Counterfactual Methods

    Jul 21, 2026Seyed Mohammadreza Alavi, Ardeshir Shojaeinasab, Reza Jalayer +2VibrationFault Diagnosis

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, Canada · FAST-Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 7, 33720 Tampere, Finland +1

  21. ConceptCF: Concept-based Counterfactuals for the Explainability of Time Series

    Jul 21, 2026Annemarie Jutte, Faizan Ahmed, Jeroen Linssen +1Counterfactual ExplanationCounterfactual Generation

    Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands · University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

  22. The Information Shadow: Measuring Structural Limits on What Language Models Can Learn

    Jul 17, 2026Priyansh Srivastava, Romit ChatterjeeFundamental LimitsLanguage Modeling

    Sirena Ai · Independent Researcher

  23. Counterfactuals for Feature-Weighted Clustering

    Jul 16, 2026Richard J. Fawley, Renato Cordeiro de AmorimClusteringCounterfactual Explanation

    School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Wivenhoe, UK.

  24. Constraint-Aware Counterfactual Editing for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

    Jul 15, 2026S M Rafiuddin, Vamsi Krishna Pavuluri, Atriya SenCounterfactual GenerationSentiment

    Department of Computer Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA

  25. CRiT-QA: Evaluating Multi-hop Reasoning with Counterfactual Chains and Distractor Traps

    Jul 12, 2026JungMin Yun, JuneHyoung Kwon, YoungBin KimMulti-Hop ReasoningLLM Reasoning Strategies

    Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University · Graduate School of Advanced Imaging Sciences, Multimedia and Film, Chung-Ang University

  26. Counterfactual Methods for Detecting Unfairness in Anti-Money Laundering Algorithms

    Jul 6, 2026Lea Multerer, Michele Inchingolo, David Kletz +3Anti-Money LaunderingAlgorithmic Fairness

    IDSIA, Switzerland · UBS Switzerland AG and its affiliates, Germany

  27. Adaptive Group-Based Counterfactual Explanations for Time-Series Rehabilitation Data

    Jul 2, 2026Emmanuel C. Chukwu, Rianne M. Schouten, Monique Tabak +1Counterfactual ExplanationRehabilitation

    Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, the Netherlands · University of Twente Enschede, the Netherlands

  28. Einstein World Models

    Jun 25, 2026Munachiso Samuel Nwadike, Zangir Iklassov, Ali Mekky +2Visual ReasoningReasoning Skills

    MBZUAI · RIKEN AIP, Japan · Tohoku University

  29. LoCC: Detection and Localization of Lip-Syncing Deepfakes via Counterfactual Frame Consistency

    Jun 22, 2026Soumyya Kanti Datta, Shan Jia, Siwei LyuDeepfake DetectionPrecise Lip Synchronization

    University at Buffalo, State University of New York

  30. Target-confidence Recourse Using tSeTlin machines: TRUST

    Jun 17, 2026K. Darshana Abeyrathna, Sara El Mekkaoui, Nils Enric Canut Taugbøl +1Counterfactual GenerationConfidence Calibration

    Group Research and Development Det Norske Veritas (DNV) Oslo, Norway

  31. ConTex: Reformulating Counterfactual Generation For Time Series Forecasting

    Jun 16, 2026Jan Voets, Hasan Tercan, Tobias Meisen +1Counterfactual GenerationForecasting Backbone

    Institute for Technologies and Management of Digital Transformation University of Wuppertal

  32. CoCoGEC: Counterfactual Generation for Robust Grammatical Error Correction

    Jun 13, 2026Qianyu Wang, Xiaoman Wang, Yuanyuan Liang +2Grammatical Error CorrectionCounterfactual Generation

    East China Normal University

  33. Flow Matching with In-Context Priors for Out-of-Distribution Brain Dynamics

    Jun 10, 2026Sam Gijsen, Michał Łukomski, Marc-André Schulz +1Functional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGenerative Models

    Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Germany · Tübingen AI Center, University of Tübingen, Germany · Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany +1

  34. Counterfactual Reasoning for Fine-Grained Evidence Disentanglement in VideoQA

    Jun 8, 2026Zhou Du, Hamid Krim, Xiao Wu +3Long Video Question AnsweringCounterfactual Generation

    Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA · School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611730, China +1

  35. scCBGM: Interpretable Single-Cell Counterfactual Editing

    Jun 5, 2026Alma Andersson, Aya Abdelsalam Ismail, Edward De Brouwer +6Single-Cell RnaCounterfactual Generation

    Genentech · Guide Labs · Department of Computer Science, New York University +1

  36. Automatic, Debiased, and Invariant Counterfactual Generation under General Interventions

    Jun 5, 2026Raphael C Kim, Jingsen Zhu, Ramin Zabih +1Counterfactual GenerationCausal Inferences

    Cornell Tech, Cornell University, New York, NY · Department of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY

  37. Maximising the Set-Piece Return: Optimising Football Corner Tactics with Graph Reinforcement Learning

    Jun 4, 2026Sean Groom, Michael Groom, Francisco Belo +4Offline Reinforcement LearningRobust Optimization

    School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK · Nottingham Forest Football Club, Nottingham, UK · Oxford Robotics Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK +1

  38. LLM Explainability with Counterfactual Chains and Causal Graphs

    Jun 4, 2026Nirit Nussbaum-Hoffer, Nitay Calderon, Liat Ein-Dor +1Causal GraphExplainability

    Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion · IBM Research

  39. TabChange: Precise Attribute Changes in Tabular Data

    May 30, 2026Arjun Dahal, Yu Lei, Raghu N. Kacker +1Counterfactual GenerationTabular Data

    The University of Texas at Arlington · Arlington, Texas, USA · Information Technology Laboratory +2

  40. Density-Guided Robust Counterfactual Explanations on Tabular Data under Model Multiplicity

    May 29, 2026Jun Tan, Qing Guo, Zicheng Xu +3Counterfactual ExplanationCounterfactual Generation

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.

  41. Leveraging Foundation Models for Causal Generative Modeling

    May 22, 2026Aneesh Komanduri, Xintao WuCounterfactual GenerationCausal

    University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA

  42. SafeAlign-VLA: A Negative-Enhanced Safe Alignment Framework for Risk-Aware Autonomous Driving

    May 19, 2026Kefei Tian, Yuansheng Lian, Kai Yang +2Autonomous DrivingSafety Alignment

    aCollege of Transportation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China · bDepartment of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China · cSchool of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China +1

  43. Extended Wasserstein-GAN Approach to Causal Distribution Learning: Density-Free Estimation and Minimax Optimality

    May 11, 2026Shu Tamano, Masaaki ImaizumiCausal InferencesCounterfactual Generation

    1The University of Tokyo · 2Japan Institute for Health Security · 3RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project +1

  44. Debiased Counterfactual Generation via Flow Matching from Observations

    May 8, 2026Hugh Dance, Johnny Xi, Peter Orbanz +1Counterfactual GenerationLatent Confounders

    Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit University College London · Department of Statistics University of British Columbia

  45. Faithfulness-QA: A Counterfactual Entity Substitution Dataset for Training Context-Faithful RAG Models

    Apr 28, 2026Li Ju, Junzhe Wang, Qi ZhangQuestion-Answering BenchmarksSearch-Augmented Reasoning

    College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Fudan University

  46. BrainNormalizer: Anatomy-Informed Pseudo-Healthy Brain Reconstruction from Tumor MRI via Edge-Guided ControlNet

    Nov 17, 2025Min Gu Kwak, Yeonju Lee, Hairong Wang +2Brain Tumor SegmentationAnatomical Priors

    Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA · H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA,2026 USA · Operations Research and Industrial Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USAJul +2

  47. Causal-Counterfactual RAG: The Integration of Causal-Counterfactual Reasoning into RAG

    Sep 17, 2025Harshad Khadilkar, Abhay GuptaCounterfactual GenerationPretraining

    Indian Institute of Technology Bombay · Indian Institute of Technology Patna

  48. PACE: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Plausible and Actionable Counterfactual Explanations

    Date pendingPavel Iakovets, Liyanapathiranage Sudeepika Wajirakumari Samarathunga, Martin Thomas Horsch +1Counterfactual ExplanationExplainable Artificial Intelligence

    University of Klagenfurt, Universitätsstraße 65/67, 9020 Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria · Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens v. 15, 1433 ˚As, Norway