LLM Agent Orchestration

LLM: Large Language Model

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Overview

LLM agent orchestration studies how to organize language models, tools, and specialized agents into systems that can solve tasks requiring multiple steps. Common approaches include sequential and hierarchical pipelines, graph-based workflows, parallel delegation, adaptive routing, and plan–execute–reflect loops, with memory and verification used to manage state and catch errors. Work is evaluated on tasks such as coding, web research, tool use, and domain workflows, using measures that include success, cost, latency, and reliability. A central open tension is that added coordination can improve difficult tasks but also increase cost and failure opportunities, and its benefits depend on the model, task structure, and quality of execution controls.

Latest papers

CardsList

463 papers61 papers in the last four weeks, up 74% on the four weeks before. 0.4% of all new papers.

  1. Dive into Claude Code: The Design Space of Today's and Future AI Agent Systems

    Apr 14, 2026Jiacheng Liu, Xiaohan Zhao, Xinyi Shang +1AI Coding AgentsLLM Agent Orchestration

    VILA Lab, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · University College London

  2. Agentic Insight Generation in VSM Simulations

    Apr 14, 2026Micha Selak, Dirk Krechel, Adrian Ulges +3LLM Agent Orchestration

    RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Wiesbaden, GERMANY · SimPlan AG, Hanau, GERMANY

  3. Aethon: A Reference-Based Replication Primitive for Constant-Time Instantiation of Stateful AI Agents

    Apr 13, 2026Swanand Rao, Kiran Kashalkar, Parvathi Somashekar +1LLM Agent Orchestration

    Next Moca Global, Inc.

  4. A Framework for Longitudinal Health AI Agents

    Apr 13, 2026Georgianna Lin, Rencong Jiang, Noémie Elhadad +1Long-Horizon Agent TasksHealthcare

    Columbia University, Biomedical Informatics, New York, New York USA · Columbia University, Computer Science, New York, New York USA

  5. λAλ_A: A Typed Lambda Calculus for LLM Agent Composition

    Apr 13, 2026Qin LiuLLM AgentsLLM Agent Orchestration

    State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China · Software Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

  6. Context Kubernetes: Declarative Orchestration of Enterprise Knowledge for Agentic AI Systems

    Apr 13, 2026Charafeddine MouzouniAI Agent GovernanceLLM Context Management

    OPIT – Open Institute of Technology, and Cohorte AI, Paris, France.

  7. From Agent Loops to Structured Graphs:A Scheduler-Theoretic Framework for LLM Agent Execution

    Apr 13, 2026Hu WeiLLM Agent OrchestrationLLM Agents

  8. Authoring for Living Worlds: Tool-Constrained LLM Agents for Executable Multi-Actor Scenarios

    Apr 11, 2026Nicolae Cudlenco, Mihai Masala, Marius LeordeanuLLM Agent OrchestrationTool-Using Agents

    Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania · Büchi Labortechnik AG, Flawil, Switzerland · National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Romania

  9. WaterAdmin: Orchestrating Community Water Distribution Optimization via AI Agents

    Apr 11, 2026Jiaqi Wen, Pingbo Tang, Shaolei Ren +1Large Language Model-Guided OptimizationLLM Agent Orchestration

    University of California, Riverside

  10. In-situ process monitoring for defect detection in wire-arc additive manufacturing: an agentic AI approach

    Apr 10, 2026Pallock Halder, Satyajit MojumderAdditive ManufacturingAgentic AI

    School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

  11. EpiAgent: An Agent-Centric System for Ancient Inscription Restoration

    Apr 10, 2026Shipeng Zhu, Ang Chen, Na Nie +3Historical Document ProcessingLLM Agent Orchestration

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, China · Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, China · Nanjing University Museum, Nanjing University, China +2

  12. Beyond the Individual: Virtualizing Multi-Disciplinary Reasoning for Clinical Intake via Collaborative Agents

    Apr 10, 2026Huangwei Chen, Wu Li, Junhao Jia +7Clinical ReasoningClinical Decision-Making

    Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Accessible Perception and Intelligent Systems, College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University · Hangzhou Pujian Medical Technology Co., Ltd, China · School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University +1

  13. Dynamic Attentional Context Scoping: Agent-Triggered Focus Sessions for Isolated Per-Agent Steering in Multi-Agent LLM Orchestration

    Apr 9, 2026Nickson PatelMulti-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Agent Orchestration

    Independent Researcher

  14. Qualixar OS: A Universal Operating System for AI Agent Orchestration

    Apr 7, 2026Varun Pratap BhardwajMulti-Agent OrchestrationLLM Agent Orchestration

    Independent Researcher, Solution Architect, India

  15. Agentic AI-Based Joint Computing and Networking via Mixture of Experts and Large Language Models

    Apr 7, 2026Robert-Jeron Reifert, Alaa Alameer Ahmad, Hayssam Dahrouj +1LLM Agent Orchestration6G Networks

    Digital Communication Systems, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany · Cariad SE, Wolfsburg, Germany · Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

  16. COSMO-Agent: Tool-Augmented Agent for Closed-loop Optimization,Simulation,and Modeling Orchestration

    Apr 7, 2026Liyuan Deng, Shujian Deng, Yongkang Chen +6LLM Agent OrchestrationParametric CAD Modeling

    Northwestern Polytechnical University · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

  17. meta-pipe: An LLM-agent pipeline for end-to-end automated systematic review and meta-analysis

    Apr 5, 2026Hsieh-Ting Lin, Jiunn-Tyng YehSystematic Review AutomationAI-Assisted Scientific Research

    Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Taipei, Taiwan · Duke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, NC, USA

  18. Beyond Retrieval: Modeling Confidence Decay and Deterministic Agentic Platforms in Generative Engine Optimization

    Apr 4, 2026XinYu Zhao, ChengYou Li, XiangBao Meng +2Generative Engine OptimizationLLM Agent Orchestration

    Yishu Research · Fukuoka Institute of Technology

  19. Inside the Scaffold: A Source-Code Taxonomy of Coding Agent Architectures

    Apr 3, 2026Benjamin RombautCoding AgentsLLM Agent Orchestration

  20. MolClaw: An Autonomous Agent with Hierarchical Skills for Drug Molecule Evaluation, Screening, and Optimization

    Apr 2, 2026Lisheng Zhang, Lilong Wang, Xiangyu Sun +14Drug DiscoveryAutonomous Research Agents

    Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China · Shanghai AI Laboratory, Shanghai, China · Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China

  21. PHMForge: Evaluating LLM Agents on Industrial Prognostics through MCP-Native, Algorithm-Grounded Tools

    Apr 2, 2026Yusheng Li, Tianjun Feng, Yunfeng Chen +6LLM Agent EvaluationAI Agent Benchmarks

    Columbia University · Georgia Institute of Technology · IBM, New York

  22. Agentopic: A Generative AI Agent Workflow for Explainable Topic Modeling

    Apr 2, 2026Brice Valentin Kok-Shun, Johnny Chan, Gabrielle Peko +1Topic ModelingMulti-Agent LLMs

    The University of Auckland, New Zealand

  23. Tool-Augmented Agent for Closed-loop Optimization,Simulation,and Modeling Orchestration

    Apr 1, 2026Liyuan Deng, Shujian Deng, Yongkang Chen +6LLM Agent OrchestrationConstrained Optimization

    Northwestern Polytechnical University · Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

  24. A Safety-Aware Role-Orchestrated Multi-Agent LLM Framework for Behavioral Health Communication Simulation

    Mar 31, 2026Ha Na ChoMulti-Agent LLM SystemsLarge Language Model-Based Role-Play Simulation

    Department of Informatics, University of California, Irvine, USA

  25. One Panel Does Not Fit All: Case-Adaptive Multi-Agent Deliberation for Clinical Prediction

    Mar 31, 2026Yuxing Lu, Yushuhong Lin, Jason ZhangMulti-Agent CollaborationClinical Prediction

    Georgia Institute of Technology · Peking University

  26. BotVerse: Real-Time Event-Driven Simulation of Social Agents

    Mar 31, 2026Edoardo Allegrini, Edoardo Di Paolo, Angelo Spognardi +1Large Language Model-Based Social SimulationHuman Behavior Simulation

    Computer Science Dept., Sapienza University of Rome · IIT-CNR & Scuola IMT Alti Studi Lucca

  27. Heddle: A Distributed Orchestration System for Agentic RL Rollout

    Mar 30, 2026Zili Zhang, Yinmin Zhong, Chengxu Yang +5LLM Agent OrchestrationAgentic RL

    School of Computer Science, Peking University · Independent Researcher

  28. ViviDoc: Generating Interactive Documents through Human-Agent Collaboration

    Mar 30, 2026Yinghao Tang, Yupeng Xie, Yingchaojie Feng +4Human-AI Co-CreationLanguage Model Generation Evaluation

    State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University · HKUST(GZ) · National University of Singapore +2

  29. From Inference Routing to Agent Orchestration: Declarative Policy Compilation with Cross-Layer Verification

    Mar 28, 2026Huamin Chen, Xunzhuo Liu, Bowei He +1LLM RoutingLLM Agent Orchestration

    vLLM Semantic Router Project · MBZUAI · McGill University +1

  30. ASTER -- Agentic Science Toolkit for Exoplanet Research

    Mar 27, 2026Emilie Panek, Alexander Roman, Gaurav Shukla +3AI-Assisted Scientific ResearchLLM Agent Orchestration

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA · Department of Physics and Astronomy ‘Galileo Galilei’, University of Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padova, Italy