Medical Image Localization

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8 papers in the last four weeks, up 60% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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Latest papers 66

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GRAPE: Graph-Augmented Prototype Explanations for Interactive Medical Image Diagnosis
Jun 29, 2026Rasul Khanbayov, Erchin Serpedin, Hasan KurbanPrototype-Based Classification Medical Image Classification
1Hamad Bin Khalifa University · 2Texas A&M University
Pseudo-Text-Conditioned 3D Grounding DINO for Organ Localization in Abdominal CT
Jun 25, 2026Siqi Chen, Han Gong, Keyi Hou +33D Medical Imaging 3D Object Detection
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
LayersReg: A Layer-by-Layer Progressive Regressor for Reliable Intraoperative 3D/2D Registration
Jun 25, 2026Xiyuan Wang, Zhenchao Wang, Xinran Chen +3Medical Image Registration Cross-Modal Image Registration
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing · School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham · State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing
BenchX: Benchmarking AI Models for Cancer Detection and Localization with Demographic and Protocol Biases
Jun 23, 2026Qi Chen, Wenxuan Li, Pedro R. A. S. Bassi +14Distribution Shift Medical Image Analysis
Johns Hopkins University · German Cancer Research Center · University Hospital Basel +10
Female-RHINO: A Real-Time Scanner-Integrated Framework for Automated Quantitative Uterine MRI Analysis and Structured Reporting
Jun 23, 2026Deepak Bhatia, Saad Ahmad, Smiti Tripathy +7Radiology Report Generation Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Radiologisches Institut, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany · School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging, KCL, London, UK · Institute for Information Processing, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany and CAIMed, L3S research institute, Hannover, Germany +1
NoduLoCC2026: Lung Nodule Localization and Classification Contest from Chest X-Ray Images
Jun 19, 2026Adnan Mustafic, Halim Benhabiles, Adnane Cabani +19Chest X-Ray Classification Medical Image Anomaly Detection
Universit´e de Haute-Alsace, IRIMAS, 68100 Mulhouse, France
Contour-Constrained Deformable Registration with Parameter Characterization for Head and Neck Surgical Guidance
Jun 18, 2026Qingyun Yang, Jon S. Heiselman, Ayberk Acar +5Oncology Point Cloud Registration
Vanderbilt University, Department of Computer Science, 2301 Vanderbilt Pl, Nashville, United States · Vanderbilt University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2301 Vanderbilt Pl, Nashville, United States · Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, United States
Toward Training-Free Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection in 3D Medical Images: A Batch-Based Approach Using 2D Foundation Models
Jun 17, 2026Tai Le-GiaMedical Image Anomaly Detection Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection
Department of Mathematics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
CEVAR: Centerline Embedding Extraction for Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Jun 14, 2026Roman Naeem, Timo Niiniskorpi, Charlotte Sandström +6Medical Image Analysis 3D Medical Imaging
Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden · The University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden · Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
HSQ-VLM: A Novel Spatially-Constrained Quadrant Segmentation VLM Model for Explainability in Diabetic Retinopathy
Jun 11, 2026Shivum TelangMedical VLMs Medical Image Segmentation
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Frozen Foundation-Model Embeddings Discard Small-Lesion Signal in Chest Radiography: Implications for Pre-Deployment Evaluation
Jun 10, 2026Raajitha Muthyala, Zhenan Yin, Alekhya Jilla +6Chest X-Ray Classification Medical Imaging Foundation Models
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Indiana University, 535 W Michigan St., IT 475J, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA · Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
DualGate-Net: A Prior-Gated Dual-Encoder Framework for Histopathology Cell Detection
Jun 5, 2026Bahman Jafari Tabaghsar, Son Tran, K. Devaraja +1Computational Pathology Medical Image Localization
School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia · Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
CDPM-Align: Multi-Scale Guidance-Aligned Diffusion Pretraining for Robust Few-Shot Anatomical Landmark Detection
Jun 3, 2026Roberto Di Via, Irina Voiculescu, Francesca Odone +1Diffusion Model Alignment Diffusion Model Guidance
MaLGa, DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Italy · Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, UK
A unified multi-task framework enables interpretable chest radiograph analysis
Jun 2, 2026Lijian Xu, Ziyu Ni, Xinglong Liu +3Radiology Report Generation Chest X-Ray Classification
Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology · the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong · Lead contact +4
Attenuation-Resilient Alternating Optimization for Laparoscopic Liver Landmark Detection
May 26, 2026Lanqing Liu, Ruize Cui, Jialun Pei +4Medical Image Segmentation Medical Image Localization
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China · The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Aligning Cellular Sheaves with Classifier Attention for Interpretable Weakly-Supervised Pathology Localization
May 24, 2026Devansh Lalwani, Swapnil Bhat, Maulik ShahExplainable Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Localization
Turocrates AI Private Limited, Mumbai, India
GLeVE: Graph-Guided Lesion Grounding with Proposal Verification in 3D CT
May 21, 2026Shuo Jiang, Yuhao Hong, Chunbo Jiang +93D Medical Image Segmentation Medical Image Grounding
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Space Information Sensing and Transmission, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China · Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · Tsinghua University, Beijing, China +1
Physiology and Anatomy Aware Inverse Inference of Myocardial Infarction for Cardiac Digital Twin
May 21, 2026Mengxiao Wang, Yilin Lyu, Julia Camps +6Electrocardiography 3D Medical Image Segmentation
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China · National University of Singapore, Singapore · Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Look-Closer-Then-Diagnose: Confidence-Aware Ultrasound VQA via Active Zooming
May 20, 2026Yue Zhou, Erxuan Wu, Yikang Sun +5Visual Question Answering Uncertainty Estimation for VLA Models
Computer Aided Medical Procedures (CAMP), TU Munich, Germany · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany · Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China +1
Segmentation, Detection and Explanation: A Unified Framework for CT Appearance Reasoning
May 15, 2026Yuyuan Liu, Can Peng, Yingyu Yang +3Image Segmentation Medical VLMs
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford
Diffusion Attention Expert Model for Predicting and Semi-automatic Localizing STAS in Lung Cancer Histopathological Images
May 15, 2026Liangrui Pan, Jiadi Luo, Yuxuan Xiao +13Computational Pathology Oncology
College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China · Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China · Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China +8
Evidential Reasoning Advances Interpretable Real-World Disease Screening
May 14, 2026Chenyu Lian, Hong-Yu Zhou, Jing QinMedical Image Analysis Explainable Medical Image Analysis
The Center for Smart Health, School of Nursing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China · Research Institute for Smart Ageing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China · School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Towards Real-Time Autonomous Navigation: Transformer-Based Catheter Tip Tracking in Fluoroscopy
May 14, 2026Harry Robertshaw, Yanghe Hao, Weiyuan Deng +6Medical Image Segmentation Semantic Segmentation
Surgical & Interventional Engineering School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences2026 Kings College London London · School of Engineering & Materials Science Queen Mary London14 London
ImplantMamba: Long-range Sequential Modeling Mamba For Dental Implant Position Prediction
May 8, 2026Xinquan Yang, Congmin Wang, Xuguang Li +33D Medical Imaging Medical Image Localization
School of Artiﬁcal Intelligence, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China · National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology, Shenzhen University, China · Huangpu People’s Hospital, Zhongshan City, China +1
Bridging visual saliency and large language models for explainable deep learning in medical imaging
May 7, 2026Paul Valery Nguezet, Elie Tagne Fute, Yusuf Brima +2Radiology Report Generation Medical Image Classification
Department of Mathematics and Computer science, University of Dschang, Dschang, 67, Cameroon. · Computer Vision, Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrück University, Osnabrueck, D-49090, Lower Saxony, Germany. · Department of Mathematics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa. +1
Tracing Like a Clinician: Anatomy-Guided Spatial Priors for Cephalometric Landmark Detection
May 5, 2026Sidhartha Mohapatra, Pallavi MohantyMedical Imaging Medical Image Analysis
Founder & CTO, CephTrace · Clinical Advisor, CephTrace
Reconstruction Interval Z-Phase Dependence of AI Detection Sensitivity in CT Lung Nodule Screening
May 1, 2026Dan SolimanMedical Image Anomaly Detection Computed Tomography
GammaMetric Medical Physics, Independent Medical Physics Consultancy
Echo-α: Large Agentic Multimodal Reasoning Model for Ultrasound Interpretation
Apr 30, 2026Jing Zhang, Wentao Jiang, Tao Huang +8Medical Image Analysis Multimodal Reasoning
School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, China · The Central Hospital of Wuhan, China · Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China +1
GAZE: Grounded Agentic Zero-shot Evaluation with Viewer-Level Tools and Literature Retrieval on Rare Brain MRI
Apr 25, 2026Duaa Alim, Mogtaba Alim, Liam ChalcroftVLM Evaluation Rare Disease Diagnosis
Imperial College London, UK · University of Toronto, Canada · University College London, UK
Autonomous Skeletal Landmark Localization towards Agentic C-Arm Control
Apr 20, 2026Jay Jung, Ahmad Arrabi, Jax Luo +2Robotic Control Language Model-Based Control
University of Vermont, Burlington, 05405, Vermont, U.S.A. · Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, U.S.A.

Jun 29, 2026, cs.CVJ/K move · Enter open · S save

GRAPE: Graph-Augmented Prototype Explanations for Interactive Medical Image Diagnosis

Rasul Khanbayov, Erchin Serpedin, Hasan Kurban

1Hamad Bin Khalifa University · 2Texas A&M University

Prototype-Based Classification Medical Image Classification Explainable Medical Image Analysis Medical Image Localization

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Prototype-based medical image classifiers present three clinical limitations: they treat findings as independent, silently amplify unsafe physician feedback, and require full retraining whenever a new finding is needed. We present GRAPE (Graph-Augmented Prototype Explanations), a unified architecture that addresses all three challenges. First, a Graph Attention Task Head models anatomical concept co-occurrence, boosting macro-F1 by +13.8,pp over the prototype baseline on TBX11K. Second, a Concept-Mismatch Safety Check - the first such mechanism in prototype-based medical classifiers - warns when the model's dominant finding inside a doctor-drawn region conflicts with the claimed label, catching 85% of erroneous annotations versus 51% for MC-Dropout with no extra inference cost. Third, Open-Vocabulary Prototype Anchoring aligns visual prototypes to clinical text, allowing a new finding to be added from a single labeled image without modifying any other component. On NIH ChestX-ray14, one Effusion example recovers full-supervision localization accuracy; on TBX11K, prototype maps achieve 2.6x better lesion localization than end-to-end baselines. All three capabilities add only +1~ms latency at interactive batch size. The project page is https://github.com/KurbanIntelligenceLab/GRAPE.

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