Multi-Agent Collaboration

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Overview

Multi-agent collaboration studies how groups of AI agents divide work, communicate, coordinate actions, and combine evidence or expertise to solve tasks that may exceed a single agent’s abilities. Common approaches include role-specialized teams, learned or adaptive communication graphs, debate and consensus protocols, shared memory, and multi-agent reinforcement learning for settings such as ad hoc teamwork, software engineering, reasoning, and robotics. Researchers evaluate systems on task-specific benchmarks and increasingly measure collaboration traces, handoffs, information use, and robustness to unfamiliar or unreliable teammates. A central tension is that added agents and communication can improve coverage and verification but also increase cost, propagate errors, suppress useful disagreement, or create coordination bottlenecks.

Latest papers

CardsList

320 papers63 papers in the last four weeks, up 142% on the four weeks before. 0.4% of all new papers.

  1. COOP2^2: Defining, Observing, and Repairing Cooperation in LLM Multi-Agent Systems

    Feb 27, 2026Hanqing Yang, Narjes Nourzad, Shiyu Chen +3Multi-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Coordination

    CMU · USC · SUTD +1

  2. Evaluating Theory of Mind and Internal Beliefs in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems

    Feb 24, 2026Adam Kostka, Jarosław A. ChudziakMulti-Agent LLMsMulti-Agent Collaboration

    Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

  3. AWCP: A Workspace Delegation Protocol for Deep-Engagement Collaboration across Remote Agents

    Feb 24, 2026Xiaohang Nie, Zihan Guo, Youliang Chen +2Multi-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent LLM Systems

    Harbin Institute of Technology · Shanghai Innovation Institute · Sun Yat-sen University +2

  4. From Agent-Only Social Networks to Autonomous Scientific Research: Lessons from OpenClaw and Moltbook, and the Architecture of ClawdLab and Beach.Science

    Feb 23, 2026Lukas Weidener, Marko Brkić, Phillip Lee +3Autonomous Research AgentsAI Agents for Scientific Discovery

  5. ComplLLM: Fine-tuning LLMs to Discover Complementary Signals for Decision-making

    Feb 23, 2026Ziyang Guo, Yifan Wu, Jason Hartline +2LLM Decision-MakingLLM Agent Training

    Northwestern University · Microsoft Research · Carnegie Mellon University

  6. MAC-AMP: A Closed-Loop Multi-Agent Collaboration System for Multi-Objective Antimicrobial Peptide Design

    Feb 16, 2026Gen Zhou, Sugitha Janarthanan, Lianghong Chen +1Molecular GenerationMulti-Agent LLM Systems

    Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada · Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada

  7. Anagent For Enhancing Scientific Table & Figure Analysis

    Feb 10, 2026Xuehang Guo, Zhiyong Lu, Tom Hope +1Scientific Figure UnderstandingAI for Science

    College of William & Mary · NIH - National Library of Medicine · The Allen Institute for AI (AI2)

  8. El Agente Quntur: A research collaborator agent for quantum chemistry

    Feb 4, 2026Juan B. Pérez-Sánchez, Yunheng Zou, Jorge A. Campos-Gonzalez-Angulo +12AI Agents for Scientific DiscoveryComputational Quantum Chemistry

    Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada · Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, W1140-108 College St., Schwartz Reisman Innovation Campus, Toronto, ON M5G 0C6, Canada · Acceleration Consortium, 700 University Ave., Toronto, ON M7A 2S4, Canada +6

  9. DeALOG: Decentralized Multi-Agents Log-Mediated Reasoning Framework

    Feb 1, 2026Abhijit Chakraborty, Ashish Raj Shekhar, Shiven Agarwal +1Multi-Agent CollaborationMultimodal QA

    Arizona State University

  10. MASCOT: Multi-Agent Socio-Collaborative Companion Systems

    Jan 20, 2026Yiyang Wang, Yiqiao Jin, Alex Cabral +1Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent System Optimization

    Georgia Institute of Technology · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  11. StackPlanner: A Centralized Hierarchical Multi-Agent System with Task-Experience Memory Management

    Jan 9, 2026Ruizhe Zhang, Xinke Jiang, Zhibang Yang +12Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Collaboration

    School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China · 2National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China · 3Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China +5

  12. Flocking phase transition and threat responses in bio-inspired autonomous drone swarms

    Dec 24, 2025Matthieu Verdoucq, Dari Trendafilov, Clément Sire +3Aerial RoboticsMulti-Robot Systems

    Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile, Université de Toulouse, France · Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Université de Toulouse – Paul Sabatier, France · Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, CNRS & Université de Toulouse – Paul Sabatier, France

  13. PADiff: Predictive and Adaptive Diffusion Policies for Ad Hoc Teamwork

    Nov 10, 2025Hohei Chan, Xinzhi Zhang, Antao Xiang +2Multi-Agent CoordinationMulti-Agent Collaboration

    School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China · Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

  14. Optimal-Agent-Selection: State-Aware Routing Framework for Efficient Multi-Agent Collaboration

    Nov 4, 2025Jingbo Wang, Sendong Zhao, Haochun Wang +2Multi-Agent System OptimizationMulti-Agent Collaboration

    Research Center for Social Computing and Information Retrieval,Harbin Institute of Technology, China

  15. An Explanation-oriented Inquiry Dialogue Game for Expert Collaborative Recommendations

    Nov 3, 2025Qurat-ul-ain Shaheen, Katarzyna Budzynska, Carles SierraExplainable Artificial IntelligenceHealthcare

    IIIA, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain · Software Competence Centre Hagenberg, Hagenberg, Austria · Laboratory of The New Ethos, Faculty of Administration and Social Sciences, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

  16. When and Why Does Multi-Agent Debate Fail and Does It Really Underperform?

    Oct 23, 2025Yongqiang Chen, Gang Niu, James Cheng +2Multi-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Collaboration

    1The Chinese University of Hong Kong · 2RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project · 3Hong Kong Baptist University +1

  17. Enabling Regulatory Multi-Agent Collaboration: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions

    Sep 11, 2025Qinnan Hu, Yuntao Wang, Yuan Gao +3Agent ReliabilityAI Agent Security

    School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China · School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, China

  18. Unsupervised Partner Design Enables Robust Ad-hoc Teamwork

    Aug 8, 2025Constantin Ruhdorfer, Matteo Bortoletto, Victor Oei +2Multi-Agent CollaborationAd Hoc Teamwork

    Collaborative Artificial Intelligence, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.

  19. ROTATE: Regret-driven Open-ended Training for Ad Hoc Teamwork

    May 29, 2025Caroline Wang, Arrasy Rahman, Benjamin Nativi +4Multi-Agent CollaborationAd Hoc Teamwork

    Department of Computer Science The University of Texas at Austin · Visa AI · College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University +1

  20. Position: Collaborative Agentic AI Needs Interoperability Across Ecosystems

    May 25, 2025Rishi Sharma, Martijn de Vos, Pradyumna Chari +2Agent Communication ProtocolsMulti-Agent Collaboration

    1EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland · 2Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.