Memory-Augmented Language Model Agents

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50 papers in the last four weeks, up 194% on the four weeks before. 0.5% of all new papers.

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OEP: Poisoning Self-Evolving LLM Agents via Locally Correct but Non-Transferable Experiences
May 18, 2026Kaixiang Wang, Jiong Lou, Zhaojiacheng Zhou +1LLM Agent Security Agent Memory Poisoning
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
STRIDE: A Self-Reflective Agent Framework for Reliable Automatic Equation Discovery
May 18, 2026Jiarui Su, Songjun Tu, Bei Sun +1LLM Self-Refinement AI Agents for Scientific Discovery
Central South University · Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences · Pengcheng Laboratory
Episodic-Semantic Memory Architecture for Long-Horizon Scientific Agents
May 17, 2026Nikola MilosevicLLM Agent Memory Long-Horizon LLM Agents
Serbian Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research and Development, Fruskogorska 1, Novi Sad, Serbia · Bayer A.G., Müllerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
Memory-Guided Tree Search with Cross-Branch Knowledge Transfer for LLM Solver Synthesis
May 17, 2026Fatemeh Haji, Javier Delarosa Quiros, Peyman NajafiradTree Search Large Language Model-Guided Optimization
Secure AI and Autonomy Lab · The University of Texas at San Antonio
MemRepair: Hierarchical Memory for Agentic Repository-Level Vulnerability Repair
May 17, 2026Simiao Liu, Li Zhang, Fang Liu +3Automated Program Repair Software Security
Beihang University Beijing, China · The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
State Contamination in Memory-Augmented LLM Agents
May 16, 2026Yian Wang, Agam Goyal, Yuen Chen +1LLM Agent Memory LLM Agent Safety
Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
RecMem: Recurrence-based Memory Consolidation for Efficient and Effective Long-Running LLM Agents
May 15, 2026Zijie Dai, Shiyuan Deng, Sheng Guan +4Persistent Memory for Language Models Long-Horizon LLM Agents
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong · Huawei Cloud · School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications +2
Hidden in Memory: Sleeper Memory Poisoning in LLM Agents
May 14, 2026Sidharth Pulipaka, Stanislau Hlebik, Leonidas Raghav +4Persistent Memory for Language Models LLM Security
1SPAR · 2ELLIS Institute Tübingen, MPI for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen AI Center · 3APTA +1
Solvita: Enhancing Large Language Models for Competitive Programming via Agentic Evolution
May 14, 2026Han Li, Jinyu Tian, Rili Feng +10RL for Code Generation Continual Learning for LLM Agents
Nanjing University · Independent Researcher · Tsinghua University
MemLens: Benchmarking Multimodal Long-Term Memory in Large Vision-Language Models
May 14, 2026Xiyu Ren, Zhaowei Wang, Yiming Du +11VLM Evaluation Memory-Augmented VLMs
CSE Deparment, HKUST · CUHK · OmniMemory (Shenzhen) Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. +1
When Robots Do the Chores: A Benchmark and Agent for Long-Horizon Household Task Execution
May 14, 2026Zilin Zhu, Longteng Guo, Yanghong Mei +5Long-Horizon Planning Long-Horizon Agent Evaluation
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · Zhongguancun Academy, Beijing, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
LiSA: Lifelong Safety Adaptation via Conservative Policy Induction
May 14, 2026Minbeom Kim, Lesly Miculicich, Bhavana Dalvi Mishra +6Continual Learning for LLM Agents LLM Guardrails
Google Cloud AI Research · Google · Seoul National University
EconAI: Dynamic Persona Evolution and Memory-Aware Agents in Evolving Economic Environments
May 13, 2026Annie Liu, Zane Cao, Lang Chen +2Human Behavior Simulation Agent-Based Modeling
Tsinghua University
ScioMind: Cognitively Grounded Multi-Agent Social Simulation with Anchoring-Based Belief Dynamics and Dynamic Profiles
May 13, 2026Yitian Yang, Yiqun Duan, Linghan Huang +4Multi-Agent LLM Systems Opinion Dynamics
The University of Sydney · Meta
RealICU: Do LLM Agents Understand Long-Context ICU Data? A Benchmark Beyond Behavior Imitation
May 13, 2026Chengzhi Shen, Weixiang Shen, Tobias Susetzky +8Healthcare Clinical Decision-Making
Cherise · Technical University of Munich (TUM) · TUM University Hospital +8
SkillGraph: Skill-Augmented Reinforcement Learning for Agents via Evolving Skill Graphs
May 12, 2026Xiaoyuan Li, Moxin Li, Keqin Bao +4LLM Agent Skill Learning LLM Agent Skill Retrieval
University of Science and Technology of China · National University of Singapore · Alibaba Group
Personal Visual Context Learning in Large Multimodal Models
May 11, 2026Zihui Xue, Ami Baid, Sangho Kim +2Vision-Language Models Multimodal Large Language Models
The University of Texas at Austin
Remember the Decision, Not the Description: A Rate-Distortion Framework for Agent Memory
May 11, 2026Mingxi Zou, Zhihan Guo, Langzhang Liang +6Rate-Distortion Theory Long-Term Conversational Memory
Fudan University · The Chinese University of Hong Kong · Meta AI +3
TMAS: Scaling Test-Time Compute via Multi-Agent Synergy
May 11, 2026George Wu, Nan Jing, Qing Yi +7Multi-Agent LLM Systems RL for Language Model Reasoning
1IQuest Research · 2Beihang University
MemReread: Enhancing Agentic Long-Context Reasoning via Memory-Guided Rereading
May 11, 2026Baibei Ji, Xiaoyang Weng, Juntao Li +3Long-Context Inference Memory-Augmented Language Model Agents
Soochow University · Peking University
The Trap of Trajectory: Towards Understanding and Mitigating Spurious Correlations in Agentic Memory
May 10, 2026Luoxi Tang, Rupali Rajendra Vaje, Yuqiao Meng +5AI Agent Benchmarks LLM Agent Reliability
Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA · Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA · University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
PYTHALAB-MERA: Validation-Grounded Memory, Retrieval, and Acceptance Control for Frozen-LLM Coding Agents
May 8, 2026Mehmet IscanRL for Code Generation Execution-Guided Code Generation
PythaLab, Yildiz Technical University
CSR: Infinite-Horizon Real-Time Policies with Massive Cached State Representations
May 8, 2026Robin Karlsson, Go SuzuiRobotic Control Language Model-Based Control
1GODOT Inc, Hyogo, Japan · 2Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan.
HMACE: Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Collaborative Evolution for Combinatorial Optimization
May 8, 2026Yuping Yan, Jirui Han, Fei Ming +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent System Optimization
School of Engineering Westlake University
Rethinking Experience Utilization in Self-Evolving Language Model Agents
May 8, 2026Weixiang Zhao, Yingshuo Wang, Yichen Zhang +6Self-Evolving Agents Memory-Augmented Language Model Agents
1Harbin Institute of Technology · 2Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
RRCM: Ranking-Driven Retrieval over Collaborative and Meta Memories for LLM Recommendation
May 8, 2026Shijun Li, Pranav Belligundu, Tianxin Wei +3Agentic RAG Recommender Systems
The University of Texas at Austin · University of Illinois at Chicago · Capital One AI Foundations +1
Skill1: Unified Evolution of Skill-Augmented Agents via Reinforcement Learning
May 7, 2026Yaorui Shi, Yuxin Chen, Zhengxi Lu +6LLM Agent Skill Learning LLM Agent Skill Retrieval
University of Science and Technology of China · 2Meituan · 3National University of Singapore +2
When Routine Chats Turn Toxic: Unintended Long-Term State Poisoning in Personalized Agents
May 7, 2026Xiaoyu Xu, Minxin Du, Qipeng Xie +3LLM Agent Security Agent Memory Poisoning
†The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · ⋄Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HKUST (Guangzhou)
SafeHarbor: Hierarchical Memory-Augmented Guardrail for LLM Agent Safety
May 7, 2026Zhe Liu, Zonghao Ying, Wenxin Zhang +5LLM Guardrails LLM Agent Security
School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China · Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China +1
Belief Memory: Agent Memory Under Partial Observability
May 7, 2026Junfeng Liao, Qizhou Wang, Jianing Zhu +3Agent Memory LLM Agent Memory
MBZUAI · RIKEN AIP · UT Austin +1

May 18, 2026, cs.CRJ/K move · Enter open · S save

OEP: Poisoning Self-Evolving LLM Agents via Locally Correct but Non-Transferable Experiences

Kaixiang Wang, Jiong Lou, Zhaojiacheng Zhou, Jie Li

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China

LLM Agent Security Agent Memory Poisoning Memory-Augmented Language Model Agents

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Memory-augmented large language model (LLM) agents use iterative reflection and self-evolution to solve complex tasks, but these mechanisms introduce security risks. Existing agentic memory attacks require privileged access or explicit malicious content, making them detectable by advanced safety filters. This leaves a subtler attack surface underexplored: whether adversaries can induce agent to generate experiences that appear locally correct and semantically plausible yet induce harmful generalization during reflection. We find that reflective agents are vulnerable to such clean experiences, especially when paired with severe but plausible hypothetical consequences. Based on this observation, we introduce Obsessive Experience Poisoning (OEP), a low-privilege black-box attack requiring no direct control over the system prompt or memory database. OEP constructs adversarial clean edge-cases that combine locally correct solutions, non-transferable methods, and severe consequences, biasing reflection toward risk-averse rule formation. During memory consolidation, agents may over-trust self-generated reflections and distill localized experiences into high-priority but over-generalized rules, causing downstream failures. Evaluations across three domains show that OEP achieves ASR above 50% with GPT-4o agents, and outperforms existing attacks under LLM auditing defense.

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