Multi-Agent Consensus

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Overview

Multi-agent consensus studies how autonomous systems influence one another to agree on beliefs, decisions, estimates, or coordinated actions. Methods range from graph-based consensus protocols and distributed control to voting, debate, confidence weighting, evidence checking, and adaptive communication. Applications include robot teams, distributed sensing, and groups of language models that deliberate or verify answers. A central tension is that agreement can speed coordination but does not guarantee correctness: shared errors, conformity, adversarial agents, and network structure can all make consensus unreliable.

Latest papers

CardsList

126 papers20 papers in the last four weeks, level with the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Learning to Act and Cooperate for Distributed Black-Box Consensus Optimization

    May 1, 2026Zi-Bo Qin, Feng-Feng Wei, Tai-You Chen +1Multi-Agent System OptimizationMulti-Agent Coordination

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.

  2. The Inverse-Wisdom Law: Architectural Tribalism and the Consensus Paradox in Agentic Swarms

    Apr 30, 2026Dahlia Shehata, Ming LiMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    University of Waterloo · Canada

  3. The Cost of Consensus: Isolated Self-Correction Prevails Over Unguided Homogeneous Multi-Agent Debate

    Apr 29, 2026Blaž Bertalanič, Carolina FortunaLLM Self-CorrectionAI Agent Evaluation

    Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana, Slovenia

  4. Preserving Disagreement: Architectural Heterogeneity and Coherence Validation in Multi-Agent Policy Simulation

    Apr 29, 2026Ariel SelaMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    Tel Aviv University

  5. TeamFusion: Supporting Open-ended Teamwork with Multi-Agent Systems

    Apr 21, 2026Jiale Liu, Victor S. Bursztyn, Lin Ai +4Multi-Agent CoordinationMulti-Agent Collaboration

    Pennsylvania State University · Adobe Research · Columbia University +1

  6. The Consensus Trap: Rescuing Multi-Agent LLMs from Adversarial Majorities via Token-Level Collaboration

    Apr 18, 2026Jiayuan Liu, Shiyi Du, Weihua Du +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsAdversarial Robustness

    Carnegie Mellon University · Foundations of Cooperative AI Lab (FOCAL) · Adelaide University

  7. Bridging MARL to SARL: An Order-Independent Multi-Agent Transformer via Latent Consensus

    Apr 15, 2026Zijian Zhao, Jing Gao, Sen LiCooperative MARLMulti-Agent Reinforcement Learning

    1The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · 2The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · 3The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)

  8. From Debate to Decision: Conformal Social Choice for Safe Multi-Agent Deliberation

    Apr 9, 2026Mengdie Flora Wang, Haochen Xie, Guanghui Wang +9LLM Agent SafetySelective Prediction

    AWS Generative AI Innovation Center · HSBC Holdings Plc., HSBC Technology Center, China

  9. Event-Triggered Adaptive Consensus for Multi-Robot Task Allocation

    Apr 8, 2026Fidel Aznar, Mar Pujol, Álvaro DíezMulti-Robot Task AllocationSwarm Robotics

    Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain

  10. Representational Collapse in Multi-Agent LLM Committees: Measurement and Diversity-Aware Consensus

    Apr 4, 2026Dipkumar PatelMulti-Agent Consensus

    LLMs Research Inc.

  11. DejaVu: A Minimalistic Mechanism for Distributed Plurality Consensus

    Apr 4, 2026Francesco d'Amore, Niccolò D'Archivio, George Giakkoupis +2Multi-Agent Consensus

    Gran Sasso Science Institute, Italy · INRIA, COATI, Université Côte d’Azur, France · INRIA Rennes

  12. HCP-MAD:Heterogeneous Consensus-Progressive Reasoning for Efficient Multi-Agent Debate

    Apr 3, 2026Yiqing Liu, Hantao Yao, Wu Liu +2Multi-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Reasoning

    University of Science and Technology of China

  13. GRASP: Gradient Realignment via Active Shared Perception for Multi-Agent Collaborative Optimization

    Apr 1, 2026Sihan Zhou, Tiantian He, Yifan Lu +2Cooperative MARLNon-Stationary RL

    College of Computer Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Social Computing and Cognitive Intelligence (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, China · Center for Frontier AI Research, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore · School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

  14. One Panel Does Not Fit All: Case-Adaptive Multi-Agent Deliberation for Clinical Prediction

    Mar 31, 2026Yuxing Lu, Yushuhong Lin, Jason ZhangMulti-Agent CollaborationClinical Prediction

    Georgia Institute of Technology · Peking University

  15. The impact of multi-agent debate protocols on debate quality: a controlled case study

    Mar 28, 2026Ramtin Zargari MarandiMulti-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Communication

  16. Deliberative Curation: A Protocol for Multi-Agent Knowledge Bases

    Mar 27, 2026Steven JohnsonAI Agent GovernanceMulti-Agent Consensus

  17. Emergent Collaborative Deliberation in Multi-Model AI Systems: A BFT-Derived Protocol for Epistemic Synthesis

    Mar 26, 2026VD DoskeMulti-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Consensus

    Independent Researcher / Consilia

  18. When Is Collective Intelligence a Lottery? Multi-Agent Scaling Laws for Memetic Drift in LLMs

    Mar 25, 2026Hidenori TanakaMulti-Agent SystemsMulti-Agent Consensus

    CBS–NTT Program in Physics of Intelligence, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University · Physics of Artificial Intelligence Group, NTT Research, Inc.

  19. More Isn't Always Better: Balancing Decision Accuracy and Conformity Pressures in Multi-AI Advice

    Mar 23, 2026Yuta Tsuchiya, Yukino BabaHuman-AI Decision MakingMulti-Agent Consensus

    The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan

  20. MIND: Multi-agent inference for negotiation dialogue in travel planning

    Mar 23, 2026Hunmin Do, Taejun Yoon, Kiyong JungTravel PlanningMulti-Agent Negotiation

    School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea · Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea · Department of Software, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea

  21. Non-trivial consensus on directed signed matrix-weighted networks with compound measurement noises and time-varying topologies

    Mar 14, 2026Tianmu Niu, Xiaoqun WuMulti-Agent Consensus

    School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China · College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

  22. Semantic Consensus: Process-Aware Conflict Detection and Resolution for Enterprise Multi-Agent LLM Systems

    Mar 13, 2026Vivek AcharyaMulti-Agent CoordinationMulti-Agent Consensus

    Independent Researcher, Dallas, TX, USA

  23. Distributed Kalman--Consensus Filtering with Adaptive Uncertainty Weighting for Multi-Object Tracking in Mobile Robot Networks

    Mar 11, 2026Niusha Khosravi, Rodrigo Ventura, Meysam BasiriMulti-Object TrackingMulti-Robot Systems

    Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal

  24. Emotional Modulation in Swarm Decision Dynamics

    Mar 10, 2026David Freire-ObregónMulti-Agent ConsensusMulti-Agent Systems

    SIANI, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

  25. Breaking the Martingale Curse: Multi-Agent Debate via Asymmetric Cognitive Potential Energy

    Mar 6, 2026Yuhan Liu, Juntian Zhang, Yichen Wu +4Multi-Agent DebateMulti-Agent Consensus

    Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China · Harvard University

  26. Wisdom of the AI Crowd (AI-CROWD) for Ground Truth Approximation in Content Analysis: A Research Protocol & Validation Using Eleven Large Language Models

    Mar 6, 2026Luis de-Marcos, Manuel Goyanes, Adrián Domínguez-DíazLLM-Assisted AnnotationLanguage Model Ensembles

    Computer Science Department, Polytechnic School, University of Alcalá. Madrid, Spain. · MITCOM Research Group, Department of Communication, Carlos III University of Madrid, Spain

  27. From Spark to Fire: Modeling and Mitigating Error Cascades in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration

    Mar 4, 2026Yizhe Xie, Congcong Zhu, Xinyue Zhang +5Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Systems

    Faculty of Data Science, City University of Macau · Minzu University of China

  28. Can AI Agents Agree?

    Mar 1, 2026Frédéric Berdoz, Leonardo Rugli, Roger WattenhoferMulti-Agent ConsensusLLM Agent Reliability

    ETH Zurich, Switzerland

  29. Decentralized Ranking Aggregation via Gossip: Convergence and Robustness

    Feb 26, 2026Kerrian Le Caillec, Anna Van Elst, Igor Colin +1Rank AggregationMulti-Agent Consensus

    LTCI, Télécom-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris 19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau

  30. Epistemic Filtering and Collective Hallucination: A Jury Theorem for Confidence-Calibrated Agents

    Feb 25, 2026Jonas KargeSocial Choice TheoryAI Agent Reliability

    Technische Universität Dresden