Multi-Agent LLM Systems

LLM: Large Language Model

Overview

Multi-agent large language model systems study how multiple language-model agents can divide work, share information, and combine decisions on tasks such as reasoning, coding, research, and planning. Common designs use specialized roles, debate or review loops, retrieval-augmented generation, shared memory, and orchestrators that route tasks or choose communication links; some systems also learn prompts, workflows, or policies through reinforcement learning. Researchers evaluate these approaches on benchmarks for math, question answering, software, and tool use, as well as in longer-running simulations and domain applications. A central open tension is that collaboration can improve accuracy and verification, but may also add latency and token costs or spread errors, bias, and unsafe instructions, so gains depend on the task, architecture, and quality of coordination.

Latest papers

CardsList

1,050 papers142 papers in the last four weeks, up 35% on the four weeks before. 0.8% of all new papers.

  1. Helix: A Dual-Helix Co-Evolutionary Multi-Agent System for Prompt Optimization and Question Reformulation

    Mar 20, 2026Kewen Zhu, Liping Yi, Zhiming Zhao +2Automatic Prompt OptimizationQuery Reformulation

  2. When Agents Disagree: The Selection Bottleneck in Multi-Agent LLM Pipelines

    Mar 20, 2026Artem Maryanskyy, Dmitry Budnikov, Alibek T. KaliyevMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-LLM Collaboration

  3. I Can't Believe It's Corrupt: Evaluating Corruption in Multi-Agent Governance Systems

    Mar 19, 2026Vedanta S P, Ponnurangam KumaraguruAI Agent GovernanceLLM Agent Safety

  4. Interplay: Training Independent Simulators for Reference-Free Conversational Recommendation

    Mar 19, 2026Jerome Ramos, Feng Xia, Xi Wang +4Recommender SystemsUser Simulation

  5. When Only the Final Text Survives: Implicit Execution Tracing for Multi-Agent Auditing

    Mar 18, 2026Yi Nian, Haosen Cao, Shenzhe Zhu +4Data Provenance in Language ModelsAI Agent Auditing

  6. Symphony: A Cognitively-Inspired Multi-Agent System for Long-Video Understanding

    Mar 18, 2026Haiyang Yan, Hongyun Zhou, Peng Xu +2Long-Video UnderstandingMulti-Agent LLM Systems

  7. On the Fragility of AI Agent Collusion

    Mar 18, 2026Jussi Keppo, Yuze Li, Gerry Tsoukalas +1Algorithmic CollusionMulti-Agent LLM Systems

  8. How Clued up are LLMs? Evaluating Multi-Step Deductive Reasoning in a Text-Based Game Environment

    Mar 17, 2026Rebecca Ansell, Autumn Toney-WailsFine-Tuning Language ModelsLLM Agent Evaluation

  9. Social Simulacra in the Wild: AI Agent Communities on Moltbook

    Mar 17, 2026Agam Goyal, Olivia Pal, Hari Sundaram +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Communication

  10. Invisible Orchestrators Suppress Protective Behavior and Dissociate Power-Holders: Safety Risks in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

    Mar 17, 2026Hiroki FukuiMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Orchestration

  11. MAC: Multi-Agent Constitution Learning

    Mar 16, 2026Rushil Thareja, Gautam Gupta, Francesco Pinto +1Prompt OptimizationLLM Agent Training

  12. Don't Trust Stubborn Neighbors: A Security Framework for Agentic Networks

    Mar 16, 2026Samira Abedini, Sina Mavali, Lea Schönherr +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Agent Security

  13. Brain-Inspired Graph Multi-Agent Systems for LLM Reasoning

    Mar 16, 2026Guangfu Hao, Yuming Dai, Xianzhe Qin +1Multi-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Reasoning with Graphs

  14. Loosely-Structured Software: Engineering Context, Structure, and Evolution Entropy in Runtime-Rewired Multi-Agent Systems

    Mar 16, 2026Weihao Zhang, Yitong Zhou, Huanyu Qu +1Context EngineeringSoftware Engineering

  15. An End-to-end Architecture for Collider Physics and Beyond

    Mar 15, 2026Shi Qiu, Zeyu Cai, Jiashen Wei +7Autonomous Research AgentsAI Agents for Scientific Discovery

  16. Beyond Self-Interest: Modeling Social-Oriented Motivation for Human-like Multi-Agent Interactions

    Mar 14, 2026Jingzhe Lin, Ceyao Zhang, Yaodong Yang +3Large Language Model-Based Social SimulationMulti-Agent LLM Systems

  17. TheraAgent: Multi-Agent Framework with Self-Evolving Memory and Evidence-Calibrated Reasoning for PET Theranostics

    Mar 14, 2026Zhihao Chen, Jiahui Wang, Yizhou Chen +8Clinical Outcome PredictionLLM Agents

  18. Orla: A Library for Serving LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems

    Mar 13, 2026Rana Shahout, Hayder Tirmazi, Minlan Yu +1LLM Agent OrchestrationLLM Agent Serving

  19. HR-Agents: Using Multiple LLM-based Agents to Improve Q&A about Brazilian Labor Legislation

    Mar 13, 2026Abriel K. Moraes, Gabriel S. M. Dias, Vitor L. Fabris +14Legal QAMulti-Agent LLM Systems

  20. Efficient and Interpretable Multi-Agent LLM Routing via Ant Colony Optimization

    Mar 13, 2026Xudong Wang, Chaoning Zhang, Jiaquan Zhang +8LLM Agent RoutingLLM Routing

  21. Context is all you need: Towards autonomous model-based process design using agentic AI in flowsheet simulations

    Mar 13, 2026Pascal Schäfer, Lukas J. Krinke, Martin Wlotzka +1Agentic WorkflowsAgentic Code Generation