Multi-Agent Systems

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Overview

Multi-Agent Systems studies how multiple decision-makers interact when they share goals, compete for resources, or have only partial information about one another. Approaches include multi-agent reinforcement learning, game theory and formal verification, decentralized consensus and task allocation, and—more recently—LLM-agent teams organized through roles, workflows, debate, and shared memory. Researchers evaluate these methods in social dilemmas, cooperative robotics and swarms, reasoning and coding benchmarks, and operational settings, measuring success alongside cost, robustness, and fairness. A central open tension is that coordination can improve outcomes but also adds overhead and can spread shared errors, so its benefits depend on the task, communication structure, and agents involved.

Latest papers

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677 papers99 papers in the last four weeks, up 29% on the four weeks before. 0.6% of all new papers.

  1. Artificial collectives of specialists and generalists excel at different tasks

    Jun 18, 2026John Meluso, Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, Christoph Riedl +1Multi-Agent CoordinationMulti-Agent Collaboration

    Cornell University · University of Vermont · Santa Fe Institute +1

  2. Contagion Networks: Evaluator Preference Propagation in Multi-Agent LLM Systems

    Jun 18, 2026Zewen LiuMulti-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Agent Evaluation

    Qilu Institute of Technology, School of Software Engineering · Tai’an, Shandong, China

  3. Beyond Global Replanning: Hierarchical Recovery for Cross-Device Agent Systems

    Jun 18, 2026Shu Yao, Yuhua Luo, Qian Long +7Hierarchical PlanningMulti-Agent Orchestration

    School of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University · 2Shanghai Innovation Institute · 3Southeast University +1

  4. Optimal Order of Multi-Agent and General Many-Body Systems

    Jun 18, 2026Jake J. XiaDynamical SystemsMulti-Agent System Optimization

    Harvard Management Company · Research Affiliate at Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  5. Multi-Agent Transactive Memory

    Jun 18, 2026To Eun Kim, Xuhong He, Dishank Jain +3LLM Agent MemoryAgentic RAG

    Carnegie Mellon University · University of California, Berkeley

  6. AgentFinVQA: A Deployable Multi-Agent Pipeline for Auditable Financial Chart QA

    Jun 18, 2026Aravind Narayanan, Shaina RazaLLM Answer VerificationFinancial QA

    Vector Institute

  7. SIGMA: Skill-Incidence Graphs for Compositional Multi-Agent Design

    Jun 18, 2026Kun Zeng, Yu Huo, Siyu Zhang +5Multi-Agent System OptimizationMulti-Agent Systems

    Sun Yat-sen University · School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · Taiyuan University of Technology +1

  8. A Categorial and Sheaf-Theoretic Semantics for Autonomic Component Ensembles

    Jun 17, 2026Manuel Hernández, Eduardo Sánchez-SotoFormal VerificationMulti-Agent Systems

  9. Leadership as Coordination Control: Behavioral Signatures and the Recovery-Advantage Boundary in Multi-Agent LLM Teams

    Jun 17, 2026Haewoon KwakMulti-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    Indiana University Bloomington

  10. Skill-MAS: Evolving Meta-Skill for Automatic Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 17, 2026Hehai Lin, Qi Yang, Chengwei QinLLM Agent Skill LearningMulti-Agent Systems

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Ant Group

  11. On the Reliability of Networks of AI Agents: Density Evolution, Stopping Sets, and Architecture Optimization

    Jun 16, 2026Ehsan Aghazadeh, Hossein Pishro-NikAgent ReliabilityMulti-Agent Systems

    Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA

  12. Intelligence Entropy Principle and the ADE Stability Engineering Framework

    Jun 16, 2026Dexing LiuAgent Failure AnalysisMulti-Agent LLM Systems

    Shanghai Qijing Digital Technology · Shanghai Qijing Digital Technology Co., Ltd.

  13. A Neuro-Symbolic Approach to Strategy Synthesis for Strategic Logics

    Jun 16, 2026Marco Aruta, Vadim Malvone, Aniello Murano +2Formal VerificationMulti-Agent Systems

    University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy · LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France · Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy

  14. Distributed General-Purpose Agent Networks: Architecture, Key Mechanisms, and Prototypes

    Jun 15, 2026Shengli Zhang, Deen Ma, Zibin Lin +1Multi-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Systems

    College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

  15. BARD-MARL: Byzantine-Agent Detection for Learned Communication in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

    Jun 15, 2026Almond Kiruthu MurimiMulti-Agent SystemsMulti-Agent System Security

    Carnegie Mellon University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

  16. CoffeeBench: Benchmarking Long-Horizon LLM Agents in Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Economies

    Jun 15, 2026Issa Sugiura, Daichi Hattori, Kazuo Araragi +5Long-Horizon Agent EvaluationAI Agent Benchmarks

    Sakana AI · KPMG AZSA LLC

  17. Transfer Learning Across Policy Regimes in Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 15, 2026Roberto GarroneCross-Domain Transfer LearningTransfer Learning

    Open University of Cyprus

  18. CoAgent: Concurrency Control for Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 13, 2026Hongtao Lyu, Dingyan Zhang, Mingyu Wu +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

  19. Trust Between AI Agents: Measuring Formation, Breakage, and Recovery, with Implications for Governing Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 12, 2026Yujiao ChenAI Agent EvaluationMulti-Agent Systems

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139

  20. How Task Structure Limits Multi-Agent Success: An Information-Theoretic Analysis

    Jun 11, 2026Shi Pan, Ming LuoMulti-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Systems

    University College London London, UK · University of Bristol Bristol, UK

  21. The Illusion of Multi-Agent Advantage

    Jun 11, 2026Prathyusha Jwalapuram, Hehai Lin, Chuyuan Li +7AI Agent EvaluationAgent Evaluation

    1Salesforce Research. · 2HKUST (Guangzhou). · University of British Columbia. +1

  22. MAStrike: Shapley-Guided Collusive Red-Teaming on Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 11, 2026Chejian Xu, Zhaorun Chen, Jingyang Zhang +5AI Agent Security BenchmarksShapley Value Attribution

    University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign · Virtue AI · University of Chicago +3

  23. DARRMS -- An Efficient Algorithm for Dynamic Attention Radius in Resource-Constrained Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 10, 2026Benjamin Alcorn, Eman HammadMulti-Agent CoordinationMulti-Agent Systems

    Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA · Departments of Engineering Technology, and Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA

  24. The Arbiter Agent: Continually Monitoring Multi-Agent Conversations to Detect Emergent Misalignment

    Jun 9, 2026Filippo Tonini, Federico Torrielli, Anton Danholt Lautrup +3AI Agent AuditingLLM Auditing

    University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark · University of Turin Turin, Italy · University of Southern Denmark Vejle, Denmark

  25. Decentralized Multi-Agent Systems with Shared Context

    Jun 9, 2026Yuzhen Mao, Jerry Gu, Aadi Chauhan +3Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent System Optimization

    Stanford University

  26. XMedFusion: A Knowledge-Guided Multimodal Perception and Reasoning Framework for Autonomous Medical Systems

    Jun 8, 2026Hamza Riaz, Arham Haroon, Maha Baig +3Radiology Report GenerationRadiology VLMs

    National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan · University of Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DE, United Kingdom

  27. LAEI: Layered Autonomous Edge Intelligence Framework for Robust UAV Swarm Operations

    Jun 8, 2026Changmin Park, Wooyong Jung, Hwangnam KimAerial RoboticsSwarm Robotics

    School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841, Korea

  28. Agent Economics: An Entropy-Controlled Pluralistic Alignment Framework for Preventing Artificial Hivemind in Autonomous Agents

    Jun 8, 2026Cheonsu JeongAI AlignmentMulti-Agent Systems

    AX Center, SAMSUNG SDS, Seoul, South Korea

  29. A multi-agent system for spine MRI report generation from multi-sequence imaging

    Jun 8, 2026Zhiping Xiao, Junwei Yang, Gongbo Sun +12Radiology Report GenerationMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    1Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA · School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China · Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA +3

  30. PerspectiveGap: A Benchmark for Multi-Agent Orchestration Prompting

    Jun 7, 2026Youran Sun, Xingyu Ren, Kejia Zhang +2Multi-Agent OrchestrationLLM Agent Evaluation

    University of Maryland · The Chinese University of Hong Kong · Stanford University