Natural Language Processing

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Overview of the PsyDefDetect Shared Task at BioNLP 2026: Detecting Levels of Psychological Defense Mechanisms in Supportive Conversations
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Apr 30, 2026Yuxi Ma, Jieming Cui, Muyang Li +6Mental Health Narratives
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May 24, 2026 · cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Overview of the PsyDefDetect Shared Task at BioNLP 2026: Detecting Levels of Psychological Defense Mechanisms in Supportive Conversations

Hongbin Na, Zimu Wang, Zhaoming Chen, Yining Hua+7

University of Technology Sydney · Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University · University of Utah · Harvard University · The University of Melbourne

We present an overview of PsyDefDetect, the shared task on detecting levels of psychological defense mechanisms in emotional support dialogues, co-located with BioNLP@ACL 2026. Grounded in the clinically validated Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS) framework, the task asks systems to classify a target seeker utterance, given its preceding dialogue context, into one of nine categories: seven hierarchical DMRS levels plus two auxiliary labels. Participants worked on PsyDefConv, a newly released corpus of 200 dialogues and 2336 help-seeker utterances annotated under DMRS with substantial inter-annotator agreement. The task attracted 172 participants on CodaBench who produced 563 submissions, with 21 teams officially registering their results for the final ranking. The best system achieved a macro F1-score of 0.420, surpassing the strongest fine-tuned baseline reported in the dataset paper by a notable margin, yet leaving clear headroom. Our analysis highlights (i) a persistent tendency to over-predict the majority High-Adaptive class, (ii) a widening gap between accuracy and macro-F1 that reveals class-imbalance sensitivity, and (iii) the value of theory-aware and LLM-based approaches for fine-grained defensive-function classification. We release all task materials and invite the community to continue work on this novel intersection of clinical psychology and NLP.

Emotional Support Psychology Natural Language Processing Tasks Event-Driven Computation

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