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7 papers in the last four weeks, down 22% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. Behavioral Persistence and Incomplete Functional Transfer of Co-evolved Communication in Evolutionary Robotics

    Sep 29, 2026Fernando Montes-GonzalezCo-EvolutionProtocol

    Universidad Veracruzana, Mexico

  2. Protocol before progress: leakage-aware evaluation of AIS trajectory prediction

    Sep 22, 2026Zobeir Raisi, Vali Mohammad Nazarzehi HadTrajectory ForecastingAutomatic Identification System

    Marine Engineering Faculty, Chabahar Maritime University, Shahid Rigi Blvd., Chabahar, 99717778631, Iran

  3. ETH-TraceBench: A Large-Scale Event-Stream Benchmark for Ethereum DeFi under Temporal, Protocol, and Contract Shift

    Sep 20, 2026Kemal Kirtac, Carsten MapleDecentralized FinanceFinance Benchmarks

    Department of Computer Science, University College London 66–72 Gower Street, London WC1E 6EA, United Kingdom · Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom · WMG, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom

  4. A Scalable Trust Discovery Architecture for the Internet of Agents

    Sep 17, 2026Song Zhang, Jiankang Yao, Hongtao Li +4Log-Ratio-Based Gaussian Trust WeightProtocol

    China Internet Network Information Center, Beijing 100070, China · National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Domain Name Management Technology, Beijing 100070, China · Building 4, No.9 West Road, Automobile Museum, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China +2

  5. Making AI-Assisted Claims Independently Challengeable: Publication Authority and a Protocol for Falsifiable Publication Records

    Sep 15, 2026Torsten Olivi Tiltack, Yifei Dong, Kun Yu +5ProtocolFrozen

    Data Science Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia · Global Big Data Technologies Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia · School of Computer Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

  6. From Protocols to Evidence: Bounded Claims for AI in Service of the Common Good

    Sep 10, 2026Nitesh V. Chawla, Paulo BenantiArtificial Intelligence GovernanceGovernance

    University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, USA · LUISS Guido Carli University Rome, Italy

  7. IBIB: A Protocol for Measuring Enterprise AI Systems by Serving Route, Not Model Identifier

    Sep 9, 2026Blake Stenstrom, Charangan Vasantharajan, Brian SathianathanProtocolContracts

  8. What Do Scan-Derived Class Prototypes Add? Disentangling Supervision, Prototype Content and Query Protocol in Recognition over Frozen Foundation Features

    Sep 3, 2026Chenxi Tao, Hong-In Won, Seung-Kyum ChoiLearnable PrototypesDinov3

    George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, GA, USA

  9. The Natural Language Interaction Protocol and Standard for AI Agents

    Sep 3, 2026Luyi Xing, Rasit Onur Topaloglu, Ranjan Sinha +9ProtocolMultilingual Agents

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign · Marist University · IBM +6

  10. When Do Frozen VLMs Respond to Image-Free Object-Token Edits? An Answer-Key-Free Protocol and What It Reveals

    Sep 3, 2026Wonbin Son, Gyumun Choi, Junil Seo +3Frozen Vision-Language ModelsMultiple-Choice Visual Question Answering

    Changwon National University · Chung-Ang University

  11. The Civilization Framework: Sovereign-Anchored Communication Between Personal Multi-Agent Systems

    Sep 3, 2026Guangjun LiuProtocolAi-Based Framework

    New York University

  12. Control-Data Flow Separation: Stable Prompt Optimization in Multi-Agent LLMs

    Sep 1, 2026Wentao Zhang, Syed Shariyar Murtaza, Junaid Ahmad Bhatti +4Multi-Agent Large Language Model SystemsAutomatic Prompt Optimization

    University of Waterloo · Manulife

  13. Evidence-Bounded Mental Health Reasoning from Heterogeneous Speech Protocols

    Aug 31, 2026Chengyuan Gao, Jiang Wu, Tao Lu +4Mental HealthNatural Language Processing

    Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications · Harbin Institute of Technology · Renyixun Health Technology Co., Ltd. +2

  14. InterSAGE: The Secure and Verifiable Interoperability Protocol for An Internet of Agents

    Aug 13, 2026Zhenhua Zou, Sheng Guo, Qiuyang Zhan +3InteroperabilityProtocol

    A Paper from the DeepKernel Lab

  15. Do Not Forget the Obvious - RISC: A Risk-Informed Slice-Coverage Protocol for Safe Autonomous Driving

    Aug 12, 2026Fabian HügerAutomated VehiclesHuman Driving

    CARIAD SE, 38440 Wolfsburg, Germany

  16. Logit-Boundary Geometric Belief Interfaces and Sparse Sheaf-Enclave Protocols: A Self-Contained Substrate for Secure Network Electronic Health Record (EHR) Interoperability

    Aug 10, 2026Alvin Spivey, Yu HuangInteroperabilityElectronic Health Records

    Light Imaging Technologies, Inc.

  17. Epistemic Transfer in AI-Assisted Verification: A Framework and Evaluation Protocol

    Aug 9, 2026Christoph TrattnerArtificial Intelligence EvaluationCategory-Aware Atomic Claims

    SFI MediaFutures, Research Centre for Responsible Media Technology and Innovation · Department of Information Science and Media Studies, University of Bergen, Norway

  18. Computationally Efficient Collaborative Communication Via Regularity-Based Coarsening

    Aug 5, 2026Mark Bedaywi, Scott Emmons, Nika Haghtalab +1Multi-Agent CoordinationProtocol

    University of California, Berkeley

  19. RouteGuard: Certifying Routing Gain in LLM Multi-Agent Systems When Complementarity Is Not Enough

    Aug 5, 2026Anchen Sun, Kaiqi YangLarge Language Model RoutingMulti-Agent Large Language Model Systems

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA · Department of Mathematics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA

  20. SEER: A Self-Grounded Evidence Interface for Controlled Spatial Relation Classification

    Aug 4, 2026Feixiang Liu, Likun Wang, Qiang Qiu +3Spatial IntentContextual Grounding

    State Key Laboratory of AI Safety, Institute of Computing Technology, CAS · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

  21. Same Graph Cross-Task Transfer in GNNs: Protocols and Predictors

    Jul 30, 2026Neelam Akula, Surbhi Kumar, Murat Kantarcioglu +1Graph Neural NetworksGraph Representations

    Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA · Department of Computer Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA

  22. Specification-Guided Synthesis of Deadlock-Free Communication Protocol Refinements with Large Language Models

    Jul 30, 2026Yang Li, Ping Hou, Nobuko YoshidaInvariant SynthesisProtocol

    University of Oxford Computer Science Oxford, United Kingdom

  23. CG-World: A Large-Scale World-State Dataset and Protocol for World Models

    Jul 29, 2026Yiming Cai, Fangjie Yu, Meiqing Yu +3Video World ModelsWorld Models

    CGyear World Model Lab · Tsinghua University · University of New South Wales

  24. Forensic Reproducibility Audit of a Radiology Vision-Language Model Benchmark: From Intended Protocol to Released Artifact

    Jul 28, 2026Mateusz KozłowskiMedical Vision-Language ModelsRadiology Report Generation

    Independent Researcher, Kraków, Poland

  25. From Proprietary to Open-Source: Bridging the Distribution Gap via Multi-Agent Protocol Distillation in Agentic Search

    Jul 27, 2026Junlin Liu, Jiangwang Chen, Zixin Song +7Knowledge DistillationAgentic Search

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · 2Tsinghua University · 3Peking University +3

  26. A Comparative Study of MCP and A2A for Inter-Agent Coordination in LLM-Based Systems

    Jul 26, 2026Ionut Predoaia, Tuong Manh Vu, Konstantinos Barmpis +2Model Context ProtocolAgent2Agent

    University of York, York, United Kingdom

  27. Hold-Out Self-Validation Cannot Certify Photogrammetric Accuracy: Saturation and Blindness to Coherent Distortion

    Jul 25, 2026Behnam AsadiRtk-GnssInspection

    GUT Campus

  28. Agree on the Model, Verify the Inference: GKR Protocols for HND-Based Transformer Inference

    Jul 23, 2026Xiaolong Liang, Juanjuan Li, Rui Qin +1Homomorphic EncryptionZero-Knowledge Proofs

    State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

  29. STeMP: Spatio-Temporal Modelling Protocol

    Jul 22, 2026Jan Linnenbrink, Jakub Nowosad, Marvin Ludwig +4SpatiotemporalProtocol

    Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster 48149 Münster, Germany · Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation Adam Mickiewicz University 61-680 Pozna´n, Poland · Chair of Sensor-based Geoinformatics (geosense) University of Freiburg 79106 Freiburg, Germany

  30. Multi-Agent Scheduling with LLM-Assisted Contract Net Negotiation for Stream Processing in Mobile Edge Computing

    Jul 19, 2026Sabeur Lajili, Zaki BrahmiEdge DevicesSchedulers

    University of Sousse, Tunisia

  31. A Methodology for Auditable Trustworthiness Levels in AI Lifecycle Governance

    Jul 17, 2026Andrea FerrarioTrustworthy Artificial IntelligenceAI Trustworthiness

    Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland · SUPSI, Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Lugano, Switzerland · ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

  32. The Honest Quorum Problem: Epistemic Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Agentic Infrastructure

    Jul 17, 2026Jun He, Deying YuFault ToleranceProtocol

  33. LLM-Powered Agentic AI for 5G/6G Networks: A Tutorial and Survey on Architectures, Protocols, and Standardization

    Jul 17, 2026Mazene Ameur, Abdelkader Mekrache, Bouziane Brik +1Mobile NetworksAi-Native

    EURECOM, France · Simula Metropolitan, Norway · University of Sharjah, UAE

  34. Silent Alarm: A J-Space Protocol for Comparing Danger Recognition Across Models and Quantization Levels

    Jul 14, 2026Roman Prosvirnin, Victor Minchenkov, Alexey Soldatov +1Adversarial EvaluationSecurity Signals

    HSE University

  35. A Durability and Cross-Language Transfer Benchmark for a Validated Teaching-Feedback Classification Protocol

    Jul 13, 2026Esteban U. Vega BarajasSentimentText Corpora

    Universidad de Guadalajara

  36. Mirror Horizon: Viable Path Entropy as a Measure of Bounded Reflection

    Jul 11, 2026Tiantian ZhangReflectionsReasoning Paths

    Crystal · Department of Computer Science, Columbia University

  37. Governed Caste Reassignment in Heterogeneous Swarms: An Asymmetric-Trust Protocol with Audited Operator Countersignature

    Jul 6, 2026Xue Qin, Simin Luan, Cong Yang +1SwarmsOn-Chain Attestations

    School of Software, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. · School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. · School of Future Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

  38. Accuracy and Cost Claims Do Not Survive Re-Execution in Agentic VideoQA

    Jul 1, 2026Rama AlHamidi, Aseel Mohamed, Rasul Khanbayov +3Video AgentModel Auditing

    Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, TX, United States · College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar

  39. EPC: A Standardized Protocol for Measuring Evaluator Preference Dynamics in LLM Agent Systems

    Jul 1, 2026Zewen LiuProtocolLarge Language Model Agents

    Anonymous authors Paper under double-blind review

  40. Langshaw: Declarative Interaction Protocols Based on Sayso and Conflict

    Jun 28, 2026Munindar P. Singh, Samuel H. Christie, Amit K. ChopraProtocolMultilingual Agents

    Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA · School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK

  41. Evaluation Protocols and Validation for Cameras in Indoor Healthcare Monitoring

    Jun 24, 2026Amirhossein Dadashzadeh, Jingjing Liu, Qianhui Men +5CameraRgb-Depth Cameras

    School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, UK · School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, UK · Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK +1

  42. Kiko: Programming Agents to Enact Interaction Protocols

    Jun 23, 2026Samuel H. Christie, Munindar P. Singh, Amit K. ChopraAgent2AgentProtocol

    North Carolina State University · Lancaster University

  43. From Forecasting Leaderboards to Deployment Decisions: A Fail-Closed Certification Protocol

    Jun 23, 2026Geumyoung KimCertificationLeaderboard

    Chungbuk National University

  44. Communication Heterogeneity and Collective Consensus in Neural Cellular Automata

    Jun 19, 2026Nishit SinghNeural Cellular AutomataCollective Behaviors

    Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani · Pilani, Rajasthan, India

  45. Judging to Improve: A De-biased VLM-as-3D-Judge Protocol for Single-Image 3D Generation

    Jun 18, 2026Ali Asaria, Tony Salomone, Deep GandhiLlm-As-A-JudgeProtocol

    Transformer Lab

  46. Dual-Agent Framework for Cross-Model Verified Translation of Natural-Language Protocols into Robotic Laboratory Platform

    Jun 18, 2026Hyeonna Choi, Jung Yup Kim, Hyuneui Lim +1LaboratoryAgentic Framework

    Department of Bionic Machinery, Research Institute of AI Robot, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea · 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea · Department of Nano-devices & displays, Nano-convergence Manufacturing Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, South Korea

  47. A Technical Taxonomy of LLM Agent Communication Protocols

    Jun 17, 2026Linus Sander, Habtom Kahsay Gidey, Alexander Lenz +1Large Language Model AgentsProtocol

    Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

  48. Tail-Shape Estimation in LLM Evaluation Is Fragile: A Protocol for Diagnosing False Positives

    Jun 15, 2026Luca ZhouLarge Language Model EvaluationLarge Language Model Safety

    Sapienza University of Rome

  49. Agentic Publication Protocol: An Attempt to Modernize Scientific Publication

    Jun 15, 2026Sirui Lu, Xiao-Liang QiJournalProtocol

    1Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany · 2Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, D-80799 München, Germany · 3Leinweber Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

  50. How Much Coordination Gain Is Real? A Paired Noise-Floor Protocol for Multi-Agent LLM Benchmarks

    Jun 15, 2026Alibek T Kaliyev, Artem MaryanskyyMulti-Agent Large Language Model SystemsGlobal Coordination

    The University of Texas at Austin · Uber

  51. Faithful, Not Corrective: Model Capability Governs Message-Format Effects in Multi-Hop Agent Relays

    Jun 12, 2026Sicheng ZengProtocolMulti-Hop Reasoning

    Independent Researcher

  52. Confidence Composition for Multiagent Language Model Systems

    Jun 11, 2026Ali Elahi, Michael J. Curry, Barbara Di EugenioMulti-Agent DebateConfidence Estimation

    University of Illinois Chicago

  53. Collaborative Human-Agent Protocol (CHAP)

    Jun 8, 2026Arsalan Shahid, Gordon Suttie, Philip BlackHuman-Ai CollaborationProtocol

    Brightbeam AI

  54. RAILS: Verification-Native Clearing For Agentic Commerce

    Jun 7, 2026Adrian de Valois-Franklin, Alex BogdanProtocolAgentic Commerce

    Evolutionairy AI · Toronto, Canada

  55. Voting Protocols as Coordination Mechanisms for Role-Constrained Multi-Agent Tutoring Systems

    Jun 6, 2026Eric S. Qiu, Joyce GillMulti-Agent CoordinationCooperation

    Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA · Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA

  56. Ahoy: LLMs Enacting Multiagent Interaction Protocols

    Jun 3, 2026Omkar J. Joshi, Munindar P. Singh, Amit K. ChopraMulti-Llm AgentsLarge Language Model Agents

    North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA · Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK

  57. Channel Fracture: Three Instances of Cross-Boundary Silent Delivery Reliability Failures in Multi-Agent Systems

    Jun 3, 2026Dexing LiuProtocolBreak

    Shanghai Qijing Digital Technology Co., Ltd.

  58. Beyond Missing Rates: Rethinking Incomplete Multi-View Clustering with Protocol Divergence

    Jun 3, 2026Haolu Liu, Xiyue Wang, Xuanting Xie +2Missing DataIncomplete

  59. AIREP: A Protocol for Per-Decision Evidence in AI Runtime Governance

    May 31, 2026Ali Toygar AbakGeneration ProvenanceRuntime

    Independent Researcher

  60. Protocol for evaluating ChatGPT in biomedical association generation and verification using a RAG-enabled, cross-model majority voting workflow

    May 28, 2026Ahmed Abdeen Hamed, Luis M. RochaMedical OntologyBiomedical Text

    Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA · School of Systems Science & Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA · Universidade Catόlica Portuguesa, Catόlica Biomedical Research Centre, Lisbon, Portugal