Spatiotemporal Forecasting

Ask about this topic

Overview

Spatiotemporal forecasting studies how patterns evolve across both space and time, supporting decisions such as routing traffic, preparing for floods, and tracking disease outbreaks. Common approaches include graph neural networks for connected locations, convolutional and Transformer models for gridded fields, and state-space or neural-operator methods for long sequences and physical dynamics. Researchers also use physics-informed constraints, multimodal data, and probabilistic or generative models to represent mechanisms and forecast uncertainty. A central challenge is making forecasts stable and calibrated over long horizons while generalizing to sparse observations, new regions, and changing conditions; realistic benchmarks often reveal weaknesses hidden by standard test splits.

Latest papers

CardsList

429 papers59 papers in the last four weeks, up 48% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

  1. Enabling Real-Time Training of a Wildfire-to-Smoke Map with Multilinear Operators

    May 5, 2026Zachary Morrow, Joseph Crockett, John D. Jakeman +1Surrogate ModelingWildfire Forecasting

    Sandia National Laboratories 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123

  2. Conditional Neural Field based Reduced Order Model for Dynamic Ditching Load Prediction

    May 5, 2026Henning Schwarz, Pyei Phyo Lin, Jens-Peter M. Zemke +1Neural Surrogate ModelingImplicit Neural Representations

    Institute for Fluid Dynamics and Ship Theory, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 4, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany · Institute of Mathematics, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 3, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany

  3. GraphSVR: A Graph Convolutional Support Vector Regression Framework for Robust Spatiotemporal Air Pollution Forecasting

    May 5, 2026Nourin Jahan, Muhammed Navas T, Tanujit Chakraborty +1Air Quality PredictionSupport Vector Machines

    Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India · SAFIR, Sorbonne University, Abu Dhabi, UAE · SCAI - Sorbonne Cluster for Artificial Intelligence, Paris, France +1

  4. Local Truncation Error-Guided Neural ODEs for Large Scale Traffic Forecasting

    May 5, 2026Xiao Zhang, Yafei Li, Ruixiang Wang +3Spatiotemporal ForecastingNeural ODEs

    Zhengzhou University · Northwestern Polytechnical University

  5. Boundary-Aware Uncertainty Quantification for Wildfire Spread Prediction

    May 4, 2026Jonas V. FunkUncertainty QuantificationWildfire Forecasting

    Independent Research 76199 Karlsruhe, Germany

  6. CNN-based Multi-In-Multi-Out Model for Efficient Spatiotemporal Prediction

    May 2, 2026Hyeonseok JinEfficient Neural Network InferencePrecipitation Forecasting

    Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Graduate School, Chonnam National University

  7. Arbitrarily Conditioned Hierarchical Flows for Spatiotemporal Events

    May 2, 2026Keyan Chen, Qiwei Yuan, Zhitong Xu +2Temporal Point ProcessesFlow Matching

    Kahlert School of Computing University of Utah · Celonis AI

  8. Federated Weather Modeling on Sensor Data

    May 1, 2026Shengchao Chen, Guodong LongSpatiotemporal ForecastingWeather Forecasting

    Australian AI Institute, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Australia

  9. Predictive Spatio-Temporal Scene Graphs for Semi-Static Scenes

    Apr 30, 2026Miguel Saavedra-Ruiz, Charlie Gauthier, Kumaraditya Gupta +4Spatiotemporal ReasoningSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Universit´e de Montr´eal, Montr´eal, QC, Canada. · Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada. · Independent Researcher. +1

  10. Comparative Analysis of Polygon-Based and Global Machine Learning Models for Bus Occupancy Prediction

    Apr 30, 2026Daniel Azenkot, Michael Fire, Eran Ben EliaMultivariate Time Series ForecastingTime Series Forecasting

    Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ben Gurion, Be’er Sheva, Israel · Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion, Israel

  11. Toward Scalable SDN for LEO Mega-Constellations: A Graph Learning Approach

    Apr 30, 2026Sivaram Krishnan, Bassel Al Homssi, Zhouyou Gu +3Graph Neural NetworksWireless Communications

    School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia

  12. PINN-Cast: Exploring the Role of Continuous-Depth NODE in Transformers and Physics Informed Loss as Soft Physical Constraints in Short-term Weather Forecasting

    Apr 30, 2026Hira Saleem, Flora Salim, Cormac PurcellTransformerPhysics-Informed ML

    University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

  13. Continuous Flood Nowcasting in South Asia: A Multi-Sensor Ensemble Remote Sensing Framework for Flood Extent

    Apr 29, 2026Usman Nazir, Disha Gomathinayagam, Muhammad Kamran +1Flood Inundation MappingRemote Sensing

    Planetary Health Informatics (PHI) Lab, University of Oxford · Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford · PMIU Secretariat, Irrigation Department, Pakistan

  14. STLGT: A Scalable Trace-Based Linear Graph Transformer for Tail Latency Prediction in Microservices

    Apr 29, 2026Yongliang Ding, Qigong Bi, Peng PuEfficient Neural Network InferenceMicroservice Architecture

    East China Normal University Shanghai, China

  15. Generative diffusion models for spatiotemporal influenza forecasting

    Apr 27, 2026Joseph Lemaitre, Justin LesslerEpidemic ForecastingSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA · Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA · Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

  16. SolarTformer: A Transformer Based Deep Learning Approach for Short Term Solar Power Forecasting

    Apr 27, 2026Ankan Basu, Jyotiraditya Roy, Aditya Datta +2Multivariate Time Series ForecastingTime Series Forecasting

    Positional Astronomy Centre, India Meteorological Department, Kolkata, India · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India · Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning), Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India +2

  17. StormNet: Improving storm surge predictions with a GNN-based spatio-temporal offset forecasting model

    Apr 22, 2026Noujoud Nader, Stefanos Giaremis, Clint Dawson +3Time Series ForecastingSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, 70803, LA, US. · Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece. · Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, TX, US.

  18. Clinically Interpretable Sepsis Early Warning via LLM-Guided Simulation of Temporal Physiological Dynamics

    Apr 22, 2026Weizhi Nie, Zhen Qu, Weijie Wang +4Interpretable MLLLM-Based Time Series Forecasting

    School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, Tianjin, China · Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Trentino, Italy · Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China +3

  19. Spatio-temporal modelling of electric vehicle charging demand

    Apr 21, 2026Kaoutar Bouaachra, Yvenn Amara-Ouali, Yannig Goude +1Electric Vehicle ChargingSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    École Polytechnique de Paris · EDF Lab Paris-Saclay Palaiseau, France · INRIA Paris, DYOGENE/MATHNET Team

  20. Attention-based Multi-modal Deep Learning Model of Spatio-temporal Crop Yield Prediction with Satellite, Soil and Climate Data

    Apr 21, 2026Gopal Krishna Shyam, Ila ChandrakarAgricultural Remote SensingSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Presidency University, Bengaluru, India · University of Europe for Applied Sciences, Berlin

  21. Ground-Level Near Real-Time Modeling for PM2.5 Pollution Prediction

    Apr 21, 2026Zachary R. Fox, Janet O. Agbaje, Dakotah Maguire +6Air Quality PredictionSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37980. · Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ 08933. · Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545. +2

  22. FlowForge: A Staged Local Rollout Engine for Flow-Field Prediction

    Apr 21, 2026Xiaowen Zhang, Ziming Zhou, Fengnian Zhao +1Efficient InferencePDE Surrogate Modeling

    Shanghai Jiao Tong University · University of Michigan

  23. Skillful Global Ocean Emulation and the Role of Correlation-Aware Loss

    Apr 20, 2026Niraj Agarwal, Timothy A. Smith, Sergey Frolov +1Neural Surrogate ModelingSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA · NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA

  24. IDOBE: Infectious Disease Outbreak forecasting Benchmark Ecosystem

    Apr 20, 2026Aniruddha Adiga, Jingyuan Chou, Anshul Chiranth +7Epidemic ForecastingForecasting Benchmarks

    Biocomplexity Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA · Department of Public and Ecosystem Health Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA · Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA +2

  25. Forecasting Ionospheric Irregularities on GNSS Lines of Sight Using Dynamic Graphs with Ephemeris Conditioning

    Apr 20, 2026Mert Can Turkmen, Eng Leong Tan, Yee Hui LeeProbabilistic ForecastingDynamic Graph Learning

    Nanyang Technological University Singapore

  26. Earth System Foundation Model (ESFM): A unified framework for heterogeneous data integration and forecasting

    Apr 20, 2026Firat Ozdemir, Yun Cheng, Salman Mohebi +11Geospatial Foundation ModelsClimate Science

    Swiss Data Science Center (SDSC), ETH Zurich & EPFL, Zurich & Lausanne, Switzerland · ETH AI Center, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland · ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland +1

  27. FASE : A Fairness-Aware Spatiotemporal Event Graph Framework for Predictive Policing

    Apr 19, 2026Pronob Kumar Barman, Pronoy Kumar Barman, Plaban Kumar Barman +1Algorithmic BiasGroup Fairness

    Department of Information Systems University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA · Department of Statistics Jagannath University Dhaka, Bangladesh · MBBS Shaheed M. Monsur Ali Medical College Sirajganj, Bangladesh

  28. Target Parameterization in Diffusion Models for Nonlinear Spatiotemporal System Identification

    Apr 19, 2026Achraf El Messaoudi, Noureddine Khaous, Karim CherifiNonlinear System IdentificationSpatiotemporal Forecasting

    Universit´e Marie Louis Pasteur, SUPMICROTECH, CNRS, institut FEMTO-ST, F-25000 Besanc¸on, France · LLF, CNRS, Universit´e Paris Cit´e, F-75013 Paris, France

  29. CollideNet: Hierarchical Multi-scale Video Representation Learning with Disentanglement for Time-To-Collision Forecasting

    Apr 17, 2026Nishq Poorav Desai, Ali Etemad, Michael GreenspanCollision AvoidanceVideo Representation Learning

    Queen’s University, Canada

  30. Reversible Residual Normalization Alleviates Spatio-Temporal Distribution Shift

    Apr 17, 2026Zhaobo Hu, Vincent Gauthier, Mehdi NaimaInvertible Neural NetworksDistribution Shift Robustness

    SAMOVAR, Télécom SudParis · Institut Polytechnique de Paris · CNRS – LIP6 +1