Explainable Medical Image Analysis

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12 papers in the last four weeks, up 33% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. Adaptive Conformal Prediction for Reliable and Explainable Medical Image Classification

    May 13, 2026One Octadion, Novanto Yudistira, Lailil MuflikhahConformal PredictionMedical Image Classification

    Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

  2. Are Compact Rationales Free? Measuring Tile Selection Headroom in Frozen WSI-MIL

    May 12, 2026Hyun Do Jung, Jungwon Choi, Soojung Choi +2Explainable Medical Image AnalysisHistopathology Image Classification

    Department of Artificial Intelligence, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea · Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea · Department of Integrative Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea +2

  3. Explanation-Aware Learning for Enhanced Interpretability in Biomedical Imaging

    May 11, 2026Zubair Faruqui, Rahul DubeyMedical Image ClassificationExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    Department of Computer Science, Missouri State University

  4. CT-IDP: Segmentation-Derived Quantitative Phenotypes for Interpretable Abdominal CT Disease Classification

    May 9, 2026Lavsen Dahal, Joseph Y. LoMedical Image ClassificationExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    1. Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories · 3. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University · 4. Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University +1

  5. Radiologist-Guided Causal Concept Bottleneck Models for Chest X-Ray Interpretation

    May 8, 2026Amy Rafferty, Rishi Ramaesh, Ajitha RajanChest X-Ray ClassificationConcept Bottleneck Models

    University of Edinburgh, UK · NHS Lothian, UK

  6. Multimodal Stepwise Clinically-Guided Attention Learning for Pathological Complete Response Prediction in Breast Cancer

    May 8, 2026Alice Natalina Caragliano, Valerio Guarrasi, Michela Gravina +2Breast CancerClinical Outcome Prediction

    Unit of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Systems, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy · Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy · Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

  7. Bridging visual saliency and large language models for explainable deep learning in medical imaging

    May 7, 2026Paul Valery Nguezet, Elie Tagne Fute, Yusuf Brima +2Radiology Report GenerationMedical Image Classification

    Department of Mathematics and Computer science, University of Dschang, Dschang, 67, Cameroon. · Computer Vision, Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrück University, Osnabrueck, D-49090, Lower Saxony, Germany. · Department of Mathematics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, 6140, Eastern Cape, South Africa. +1

  8. Seeing What Shouldn't Be There: Counterfactual GANs for Medical Image Attribution

    May 6, 2026Shakeeb MurtazaFeature AttributionCounterfactual Explanations

    COMSATS University Islamabad

  9. SAIL: Structure-Aware Interpretable Learning for Anatomy-Aligned Post-hoc Explanations in OCT

    May 4, 2026Tienyu Chang, Tianhao Li, Ruogu Fang +2Medical ImagingOptical Coherence Tomography

    Dept. of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indiana, USA · School of Information, University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas, USA · Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, USA +1

  10. TumorXAI: Self-Supervised Deep Learning Framework for Explainable Brain MRI Tumor Classification

    May 3, 2026Abrar Hossain Zahin, Amit Kumar Saha, Tanvir Mridha +5Self-Supervised LearningMedical Image Classification

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.

  11. GeoSAE: Geometric Prior-Guided Layer-Wise Sparse Autoencoder Annotation of Brain MRI Foundation Models

    May 3, 2026Favour Nerrise, Lucy Yin, Mohammad H. Abbasi +2Alzheimer's DiseaseMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Stanford University · Stanford University, CA

  12. Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors from Retinal Images via Deep Learning: Development and Validation of Biologically Relevant Morphological Associations in the UK Biobank

    May 1, 2026Seowung Leem, Yunchao Yang, Adam J. Woods +1Alzheimer's DiseaseMedical Image Analysis

    1J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA · University of Florida Research Computing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA · Meta AI (FAIR) +4

  13. From ML Predictions to Informed Diagnostic Assistance Using the Toulmin Model of Argumentation

    May 1, 2026Anca Marginean, Adrian GrozaMedical DiagnosisExplainable Medical Image Analysis

  14. On the explainability of max-plus neural networks

    Apr 27, 2026Ikhlas Enaieh, Olivier Fercoq, García ÁngelFeature AttributionNeural Network Interpretability

    S2A, LTCI · LTCI, T´el´ecom Paris · Institut Polytechnique de Paris +5

  15. EXACT: an explainable anomaly-aware vision foundation model for analysis of 3D chest CT

    Apr 27, 2026Xuguang Bai, Mingxuan Liu, Tongxi Song +6Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsRadiology VLMs

    School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. · Department of Radiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China. · Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China, 100084

  16. Knee-xRAI: An Explainable AI Framework for Automatic Kellgren-Lawrence Grading of Knee Osteoarthritis

    Apr 25, 2026Azmul A. Irfan, Nur Ahmad Khatim, Alfan Alfian Irfan +3Explainable Medical Image AnalysisAutomated Grading

    Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Medicine UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia · Informatics Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia · Information Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia +1

  17. From Pixels to Explanations: Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading with CNN-Transformer Ensembles, Visual Explainability and Vision-Language Models

    Apr 25, 2026Pir Bakhsh Khokhar, Carmine Gravino, Fabio Palomba +2Diabetic Retinopathy GradingDeep Ensembles

    Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy · Department of Information Security and Communication Technology (IIK), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, 2815, Norway

  18. an interpretable vision transformer framework for automated brain tumor classification

    Apr 23, 2026Chinedu Emmanuel Mbonu, Tochukwu Sunday Belonwu, Okwuchukwu Ejike Chukwuogo +1Vision TransformerMedical Image Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Nazarbayev University, Astana · Department of Computer Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria

  19. Infection-Reasoner: A Compact Vision-Language Model for Wound Infection Classification with Evidence-Grounded Clinical Reasoning

    Apr 21, 2026Palawat Busaranuvong, Reza Saadati Fard, Emmanuel Agu +4HealthcareMedical Diagnosis

    Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA

  20. Dual-Modal Lung Cancer AI: Interpretable Radiology and Microscopy with Clinical Risk Integration

    Apr 17, 2026Baramee Sukumal, Aueaphum AueawatthanaphisutMedical Image ClassificationExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    Hatyaiwittayalai School, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110 · School of Information, Computer, and Communication Technology,2026 Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand

  21. Ranking XAI Methods for Head and Neck Cancer Outcome Prediction

    Apr 17, 2026Baoqiang Ma, Djennifer K. Madzia-Madzou, Rosa C. J. Kraaijveld +1Gradient-Based AttributionCancer Survival Prediction

    Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht

  22. RadAgent: A tool-using AI agent for stepwise interpretation of chest computed tomography

    Apr 16, 2026Mélanie Roschewitz, Kenneth Styppa, Yitian Tao +10Radiology Report GenerationHealthcare

    Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland · ETH AI Center, Zurich, Switzerland · Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland +5

  23. Expert-Annotated Embryo Image Dataset with Natural Language Descriptions for Evidence-Based Patient Communication in IVF

    Apr 16, 2026Nicklas Neu, Thomas Ebner, Jasmin Primus +4Medical VLMsExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    1Software Competence Center Hagenberg, Hagenberg, 4232, Austria · 2Kepler Universitätsklinikum, Kinderwunsch Zentrum, Linz, 4020, Austria · 3Wunschkind Klinik Dr. Brunbauer, Wien, 1010, Austria

  24. Towards Interpretable Foundation Models for Retinal Fundus Images

    Mar 19, 2026Samuel Ofosu Mensah, Camila Roa, Kerol Djoumessi +1Medical ImagingMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Germany · Tübingen AI Center, University of Tübingen, Germany

  25. SFL-Net: Source-Factorized Latent Representation Learning for Multi-Contrast MRI to Tau-PET Synthesis

    Feb 26, 2026Agamdeep S. Chopra, Caitlin Neher, Tianyi Ren +3Disentangled Representation LearningMultimodal Disentangled Representation Learning

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA · Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

  26. retinalysis-vascx: An explainable software toolbox for the extraction of retinal vascular biomarkers

    Feb 9, 2026Jose D. Vargas Quiros, Michael J. Beyeler, Sofia Ortin Vela +5Medical Image AnalysisFundus Imaging

    Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands · Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands · 5Dept. of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland +4

  27. MedAD-R1: Consistency-Reinforced Policy Optimization for Interpretable Medical Anomaly Detection

    Feb 1, 2026Haitao Zhang, Yingying Wang, Jiaxiang Wang +5HealthcareGroup Relative Policy Optimization

    School of Informatics, Xiamen University · Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University · Zhejiang Expressway Co., Ltd. +3

  28. A Tool Bottleneck Framework for Clinically-Informed and Interpretable Medical Image Understanding

    Dec 24, 2025Christina Liu, Alan Q. Wang, Joy Hsu +2Tool Use in VLMsMedical Image Classification

    California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 · Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305

  29. Towards Cellular-Scale Interpretability in Pathology Foundation Models for Biomarker Assessment

    Nov 7, 2025Jingsong Liu, Han Li, Zhengyang Xu +19Computational PathologyHealthcare

    Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany · Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI), Munich, Germany +6

  30. CXRAgent: Director-Orchestrated Multi-Stage Reasoning for Chest X-Ray Interpretation

    Oct 24, 2025Jinhui Lou, Yan Yang, Zhou Yu +4Chest X-Ray ClassificationLLM Agent Orchestration

    School of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China · Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China · Department of Colorectal Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China +2