Multi-Agent Systems

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Multi-Agent Systems studies how multiple decision-makers interact when they share goals, compete for resources, or have only partial information about one another. Approaches include multi-agent reinforcement learning, game theory and formal verification, decentralized consensus and task allocation, and—more recently—LLM-agent teams organized through roles, workflows, debate, and shared memory. Researchers evaluate these methods in social dilemmas, cooperative robotics and swarms, reasoning and coding benchmarks, and operational settings, measuring success alongside cost, robustness, and fairness. A central open tension is that coordination can improve outcomes but also adds overhead and can spread shared errors, so its benefits depend on the task, communication structure, and agents involved.

Latest papers

677 papers99 papers in the last four weeks, up 29% on the four weeks before. 0.6% of all new papers.

Examining Agents' Bias Amplification versus Suppression in Multi-Agent Systems
May 27, 2026Zejian Eric Wu, Zhongyi Jiang, Yuan Zhuang +1Multi-Agent LLM Systems Algorithmic Fairness
Oregon State University · Independent Researcher · Amazon +1
You Only Align Once: Propagating Cooperative Behaviors in Multi-Agent Systems through Seed Agents
May 26, 2026Nicole Hsing, Asuka Yuxi Zheng, Yi Zhao +2Social Dilemmas AI Alignment
1Arcarae · University of California, Santa Cruz · 3Northwestern University +1
PEAR: Permutation-Equivariant Adaptive Routing Multi-Agent Debate
May 26, 2026Yang Feng, Ziwei Xu, Xia Hu +1Multi-Agent Debate Multi-Agent Systems
University of Edinburgh · Shanghai AI Laboratory
ATOM: Instantiating Budget-Controllable Multi-Agent Collaboration via Nucleus-Electron Hierarchy
May 25, 2026Xinkui Zhao, Sai Liu, Yifan Zhang +6Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent System Optimization
Zhejiang University · Ningbo Global Innovation Center, Zhejiang University · Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Digital-Intelligence Service Technology +1
Recursive Multi-Agent Trading System: Iterative Optimized Portfolio Strategy Under Geopolitical Uncertainty
May 25, 2026Jing Yang, Yichao Wu, Jianan Liu +4Multi-Agent Orchestration Multi-Agent Collaboration
Washington University in St. Louis · Northeastern University · Independent Researcher +1
Meta-Agent: From Task Descriptions to Verified Multi-Agent Systems
May 24, 2026Andy Xu, Yu-Wing TaiMulti-Agent Orchestration Multi-Agent Systems
Dartmouth College
DarkForest: Less Talk, Higher Accuracy for Multi-Agent LLMs
May 24, 2026Yi Li, Songtao Wei, Dongming Jiang +3Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent System Optimization
University of Texas at Dallas · Independent Researcher · University of California, Davis
Market Regime Council for Dynamic Credit Assignment in Multi-Agent LLM Decision Systems
May 23, 2026Yunhua Pei, Zerui Ge, Jin Zheng +1Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Systems
University of Bristol, UK · Independent Researcher
A Sober Look at Agentic Misalignment in Automated Workflows
May 22, 2026Wenqian Ye, Bo Yuan, Zhichao Xu +4AI Alignment Agentic Workflows
University of Virginia · Georgia Institute of Technology · University of Utah +2
Understanding Conversational Patterns in Multi-agent Programming: A Case Study on Fibonacci Game Development
May 22, 2026Srijita Basu, Viktor Kjellberg, Simin Sun +5Multi-Agent Coordination Software Engineering Agents
Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg · Scania CV AB · Research & Development, Volvo Car Corporation +1
Symbolic Reasoning Frameworks Trigger Memory-Mediated Ecosystem Dynamics in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
May 22, 2026Augustin ChanMulti-Agent LLM Systems Game-Playing Agents
Human-in-the-Loop Multi-Agent Ventilator Decision Support with Contextual Bandit Preference Learning
May 22, 2026Sijia Li, Xiaoyu Tan, Qixing Wang +7Clinical Decision Support Human-in-the-Loop AI
Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China · Tencent Youtu Lab, Tencent, China · Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China +3
CultivAgents: Cultivating Relationship-Centered Multi-Agent Systems for Personalized Gardening
May 22, 2026Yiyang Wang, Moeiini Reilly, Britney Johnson +3Human-Centered AI Multi-Agent Systems
Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia, USA · Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
ExComm: Exploration-Stage Communication for Error-Resilient Agentic Test-Time Scaling
May 21, 2026Woomin Song, Beomjun Kim, Daewon Choi +4Test-Time Scaling Multi-Agent Systems
1KAIST · 2Amazon AGI · 3Together AI
Towards Resilient and Autonomous Networks: A BlueSky Vision on AI-Native 6G
May 20, 2026Liang Wu, Kelly Wan, Mayank Darbari +16G Networks Multi-Agent Systems
Nokia Sunnyvale, California, USA
From Automated to Autonomous: Hierarchical Agent-native Network Architecture (HANA)
May 20, 2026Binghan Wu, Shoufeng Wang, Yunxin Liu +3Multi-Agent Orchestration Wireless Communications
AsiaInfo Technologies Limited, Beijing, China · Institute for AI Industry Research (AIR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Verimag, Universit´e Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
What Do Agents Communicate? Characterizing Information Exchange in Multi-Agent Systems
May 19, 2026Yong Jin Chun, Iftekhar AhmedMulti-Agent Collaboration Multi-Agent Systems
Department of Informatics University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA, 92618
ZEBRA: Zero-shot Budgeted Resource Allocation for LLM Orchestration
May 19, 2026May Hamri, Inbal Talgam-CohenLLM Agent Orchestration Cost-Aware Inference
1Tel Aviv University
Modeling Emotional Dynamics in Agent-to-Agent Interactions on Moltbook
May 19, 2026Syed Mhamudul Hasan, Abdur R. ShahidMulti-Agent LLM Systems LLM Agent Evaluation
Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL, USA
Conflict-Aware Multi-Agent Reasoning via Signed Graph Modeling
May 19, 2026Longgang He, Longzhu He, Shihao Peng +2Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Systems
Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) · Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
PAVE: A Cognitive Architecture for Legitimate Violation in Generative Agent Societies
May 19, 2026Ahmad Yehia, Abduallah Mohamed, Kun Qian +4Cognitive Architectures for AI Agents LLM Agent Evaluation
The University of Texas at Austin · Meta Reality Labs · University of Calgary
MMoA: An AI-Agent framework with recurrence for Memoried Mixure-of-Agent
May 18, 2026Rui ChuLLM Inference Acceleration Multi-Agent Systems
Trustworthy Agent Network: Trust in Agent Networks Must Be Baked In, Not Bolted On
May 18, 2026Yixiang Yao, Yuhang Yao, Xinyi Fan +5Multi-Agent LLM Systems Multi-Agent Coordination
University of Southern California · Carnegie Mellon University · University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
RLFTSim: Realistic and Controllable Multi-Agent Traffic Simulation via Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning
May 18, 2026Ehsan Ahmadi, Hunter Schofield, Behzad Khamidehi +5Multi-Agent Systems Autonomous Driving Simulation
University of Alberta · 2Huawei Technologies Canada · 3York University +1
LLM-Guided Communication for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
May 18, 2026Sangjun Bae, Yisak Park, Sanghyeon Lee +1LLM-Guided RL Multi-Agent Systems
Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, UNIST, Ulsan, South Korea.
Verify-Gated Completion as Admission Control in a Governed Multi-Agent Runtime: A Bounded Architecture Case Study
May 18, 2026Hai-Duong Nguyen, Xuan-The TranLLM Agent Verification Multi-Agent Systems
Vietnam Maritime University, Haiphong, Vietnam
Agent Bazaar: Enabling Economic Alignment in Multi-Agent Marketplaces
May 17, 2026Seth Karten, Cameron Crow, Chi JinAI Agent Benchmarks Multi-Agent Systems
Princeton University
VerifyMAS: Hypothesis Verification for Failure Attribution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
May 17, 2026Hezhe Qiao, Hanghang Tong, Ee-Peng Lim +2Agent Failure Analysis Multi-Agent LLM Systems
Singapore Management University · University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign · University of Illinois at Chicago
NewsLens: A Multi-Agent Framework for Adversarial News Bias Navigation
May 17, 2026Joy BoseMulti-Agent Systems
Independent Researcher, Bengaluru, India
MasFACT: Continual Multi-Agent Topology Learning via Geometry-Aware Posterior Transfer
May 17, 2026Xuefei Wang, Jialu Wang, Fengbo Zhang +6Continual Learning for LLM Agents Multi-Agent LLM Systems
Beihang University · Independent Researcher · Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

May 27, 2026J/K move · Enter open · S save

Examining Agents' Bias Amplification versus Suppression in Multi-Agent Systems

Zejian Eric Wu, Zhongyi Jiang, Yuan Zhuang, Paul Jen-Hwa Hu

Oregon State University · Independent Researcher · Amazon+1

Multi-Agent LLM Systems Algorithmic Fairness Group Fairness Language Model Bias Evaluation Multi-Agent Systems

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Multi-agent systems are increasingly deployed to support various tasks where agents interact to achieve individual and collective objectives. Although these systems can enhance task performance and decision-making, fairness preservation through bias reduction remains challenging. This study examines how agent-level biases shift and impact system-wide fairness. We use prompts to expose individual agents to group-favoring bias, then assess downstream impacts at the system level. To quantify the impact, we propose Favor Bias Strength (FBS), a zero-centered metric that decomposes bias alteration between favored-group uplift and disfavored-group suppression. Using multiple agent designs, benchmarks, and up-to-date large language models, we show that agents endowed with bias can substantially affect system-wide fairness. Interestingly, when agents are exposed to bias uniformly, the system-wide bias elevates, even exceeding the additive sum of the individual agents' biases. The empirical evidence underscores the criticality of fairness in multi-agent systems, which warrants further analyses and empirical tests.