Conversational AI

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Chatbots

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Conversational Artificial Intelligence

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Conversational Benchmarks

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Dialogue

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Conversational Datasets

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Multi-Turn Interactions

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Multi-Turn Conversations

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Multi-Turn Large Language Model Conversations

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Conversational Quality

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486 papers

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Adopt $\neq$ Adapt: Longitudinal Analyses of LLM Conversations in the Wild
May 27, 2026Rebecca M. M. Hicke, Kiran TomlinsonMulti-Turn Large Language Model Conversations Chatbots
Conf-Gen: Conformal Uncertainty Quantification for Generative Models
May 27, 2026Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem, Kevin Zhang, Wei Cui +2Large Language Model Uncertainty Generative Models
When Seekers Are Hard to Help: Evaluating Emotional Support Dialogue Systems in Worst-Case Interactions
May 27, 2026Jiajie Yang, Yangchun Li, Guanyi Chen +3Emotional Support Particular Emotion-Aware Response
Robo-Blocks: Generative Scaffolding in End-User Design and Programming of Social Robots
May 27, 2026Arissa J. Sato, Callie Y. Kim, Nathan Thomas White +4Robocasa Mock-Interface Synthesis
SuiChat-CN: Benchmarking Contextual Suicide Risk Assessment in Chinese Group Chats
May 27, 2026Xiangyu Wang, Zhiwei Yu, Chengze Du +3Suicide Risk Social Media
ESC-Skills: Discovering and Self-Evolving Skills for Emotional Support Conversations
May 27, 2026Jie Zhu, Huaixia Dou, Shuo Jiang +5Emotional Support Skill Evolution
GrowLoop: Self-Evolving Conversation Evaluation Seeded by Human
May 26, 2026Yihang Lin, Yunze Gao, Zeyang Lin +3Conversational Benchmarks Human
ENPMR-Bench: Benchmarking Proactive Memory Retrieval for Emotional Support Agents
May 26, 2026Xing Fu, Yulin Hu, Mengtong Ji +5Agent Memory Empathy
Traceable Knowledge Graph Reasoning Enables LLM-Assisted Decision Support for Industrial VOCs in the Steel Industry
May 26, 2026Changqing Su, Yu Ding, Zuhong Lin +4Knowledge Graphs Decision Support
SeDT: Sentence-Transformer Decision-Transformer Conditioning for Multi-Turn Conversation Reliability
May 26, 2026Ramakrishna Vamsi Setti, Jagadeesh Rachapudi, Sachin Chaudhary +2Multi-Turn Conversations Conversational Benchmarks
A Dataset of Robot-Patient and Doctor-Patient Medical Dialogues for Spoken Language Processing Tasks
May 26, 2026Heriberto Cuayahuitl, Grace JangConversational Datasets Conversational Benchmarks
Evaluating Interactive Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Hierarchical Benchmark with Executable Games
May 26, 2026Mingyuan Fan, Weiguang Han, Daixin Wang +3Multi-Turn Interactions Metacognition
CIRCLED: A Multi-turn CIR Dataset with Consistent Dialogues across Domains
May 26, 2026Tomohisa Takeda, Yu-Chieh Lin, Yuji Nozawa +3Composed Image Retrieval Conversational Datasets
From Static Context to Calibrated Interactive RL: Mitigating Distribution Shift in Multi-turn Dialogue with Aligned Simulator
May 26, 2026Xiaohua Wang, Jiakang Yuan, Zisu Huang +5Dialogue Simulation-Based Reinforcement Learning
SafeCtrl-RL: Inference-Time Adaptive Behaviour Control for LLM Dialogue via RL-Driven Prompt Optimisation
May 25, 2026Michael Orme, Yanchao Yu, Zhiyuan TanLarge Language Model Safety Multi-Turn Large Language Model Conversations
STREAM: A Data-Centric Framework for Mining High-Value Task-Oriented Dialogues from Streaming Media
May 24, 2026Liang Xue, Haoyu Liu, Cheng Wang +3Conversational Datasets Dialogue
Know You Before You Speak: User-State Modeling for LLM Personalization in Multi-Turn Conversation
May 23, 2026Jiani Luo, Xiaoyan Zhao, Yang Zhang +4Personalization Multi-Turn Conversations
Found in Conversation: LLMs Teach Themselves to Close the Multi-Turn Gap
May 23, 2026Tianlang Chen, Shirley Wu, Jure LeskovecMulti-Turn Conversations Large Language Model Backbones
Understanding Conversational Patterns in Multi-agent Programming: A Case Study on Fibonacci Game Development
May 22, 2026Srijita Basu, Viktor Kjellberg, Simin Sun +5Multi-Agent Systems Collaboration
EvoCode-Bench: Evaluating Coding Agents in Multi-Turn Iterative Interactions
May 22, 2026Haiyang Shen, Xuanzhong Chen, Wendong Xu +3Coding Agents Multi-Turn Interactions
MGRetrieval: Memory-Guided Reflective Retrieval for Long-Term Dialogue Agents
May 22, 2026Tan Wang, Yunwei DongLong-Term Conversational Memory Retrieval Task
OnePred: Next-Query Prediction via Recursive Intent Memory in Multi-Turn Conversations
May 22, 2026Jiangwang Chen, Bowen Zhang, Zixin Song +4Multi-Turn Conversations Next Activity Prediction
Socially fluent AI decouples conversational signals from source identity in online interaction
May 22, 2026Lixiang Yan, Yueqiao Jin, Xibin Han +1Human-Ai Interaction Conversational Quality
Emotion Recognition in Sign Language Conversation
May 22, 2026Yusong Wang, Keyu Mao, Takao Obi +2Sign Language Emotion Recognition
ClimateChat-300K: A Multi-Modal Facebook Dataset for Understanding Diverse Perspectives in Climate Communication
May 22, 2026Wajdi Zaghouani, Md. Rafiul Biswas, Mabrouka Bessghaier +2Climate Social Media
Parallel Context Compaction for Long-Horizon LLM Agent Serving
May 22, 2026Musa Cim, Burak Topcu, Chita Das +1Compaction Conversational Benchmarks
A Proactive Multi-Agent Dialogue Framework for Assessing Social Language Disorder Traits in Autism
May 21, 2026Chuanbo Hu, Minglei Yin, Bin Liu +4Autism Spectrum Disorder Conversational Artificial Intelligence
Evaluating Commercial AI Chatbots as News Intermediaries
May 21, 2026Mirac Suzgun, Emily Shen, Federico Bianchi +5Chatbots Headlines
Unlocking Proactivity in Task-Oriented Dialogue
May 21, 2026Azure Zhang, Ning Gao, Yuqin Dai +7Conversational Artificial Intelligence Proactive
From Lexicon to AI: A Structured-Data Pipeline for Specialized Conversational Systems in Low-Resource Languages
May 21, 2026Siddhant Hitesh Mantri, Dhara Gorasiya, Malhar Kulkarni +1Low-Resource Languages Linguistics
RankJudge: A Multi-Turn LLM-as-a-Judge Synthetic Benchmark Generator
May 20, 2026Zhenwei Tang, Zhaoyan Liu, Rasa Hosseinzadeh +3Llm-As-A-Judge Conversational Benchmarks
AttuneBench: A Conversation-Based Benchmark for LLM Emotional Intelligence
May 20, 2026Kate M. Lubrano, Faisal Sayed, Ankita Rathod +4Conversational Benchmarks Multi-Turn Large Language Model Conversations
Designing Conversations with the Dead: How People Engage with Generative Ghosts
May 20, 2026Jack Manning, Daniel Sullivan, Dylan Thomas Doyle +2Conversational Quality Generative Artificial Intelligence
MTR-Suite: A Framework for Evaluating and Synthesizing Conversational Retrieval Benchmarks
May 20, 2026Junhao Ruan, Abudukeyumu Abudula, Bei Li +8Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems Conversational Benchmarks
Puzzled By ChatGPT? No more! A Jigsaw Puzzle to Promote AI Literacy and Awareness
May 19, 2026Francesca Padovani, Malvina NissimArtificial Intelligence Literacy Generative Artificial Intelligence
ThoughtTrace: Understanding User Thoughts in Real-World LLM Interactions
May 19, 2026Chuanyang Jin, Binze Li, Haopeng Xie +6Conversational Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Science
Synthesis and Evaluation of Long-term History-aware Medical Dialogue
May 19, 2026Hebin Hu, Renke Dai, Ah-Hwee Tan +1Conversational Benchmarks Longitudinal Data
Multilingual jailbreaking of LLMs using low-resource languages
May 18, 2026Dylan Marx, Marcel DunaiskiLarge Language Model Jailbreaks Multilingual Safety
An Empirical Study of Privacy Leakage Chains via Prompt Injection in Black-Box Chatbot Environments
May 18, 2026Hongjang Yang, Hyunsik Na, Daeseon ChoiIndirect Prompt Injection Language Model Evasion Attacks
Bridging the Gap: Converting Read Text to Conversational Dialogue
May 18, 2026Parshav Singla, Agnik Banerjee, Aaditya Arora +5Speech Translation Prosodic Features
SocialMemBench: Are AI Memory Systems Ready for Social Group Settings?
May 18, 2026Olukunle OwolabiConversational Benchmarks Agent Memory
Beyond Transcripts: Iterative Peer-Editing with Audio Unlocks High-Quality Human Summaries of Conversational Speech
May 17, 2026Kaavya Chaparala, Thomas Thebaud, Jesús Villalba López +3Accurate Transcription Summarization
Don't Guess, Just Ask: Resolving Ambiguity in Referring Segmentation via Multi-turn Clarification
May 17, 2026Yuting Yang, Haichao Jiang, Tianming Liang +2Video Object Segmentation Sample-Wise 2D Refinement
Agentic AI Translate: An Agentic Translator Prototype for Translation as Communication Design
May 16, 2026Masaru YamadaTranslation Quality Machine Translation
WhiteTesseract: Reframing the Interpretation of Cultural Heritage through XR and Conversational AI
May 16, 2026Jingjing Li, Zhi Liu, Xiyao Jin +2Cultural Heritage Conversational Artificial Intelligence
PromptDecipher: Supporting AI Tutor Authoring Through Editable Simulated Interactions
May 15, 2026Miina Koyama, Ruiwei Xiao, John StamperTutors Chatbots
Alignment Drift in Long-Term Human-LLM Interaction: A Mechanism-Oriented Framework
May 15, 2026Xintong YaoArtificial Intelligence Alignment Human-Ai Interaction
LERA: LLM-Enhanced RAG for Ad Auction in Generative Chatbots
May 15, 2026Haoran Sun, Xinrui Song, Xinyu Zhang +7Ads First-Price Auctions
PRISM: Prompt Reliability via Iterative Simulation and Monitoring for Enterprise Conversational AI
May 15, 2026Keshava Chaitanya, Jahnavi GundakaramConversational Artificial Intelligence Large Language Model Serving
Adesua: Development and Feasibility Study of an AI WhatsApp Bot for Science Learning in West Africa
May 14, 2026George Boateng, Evans Atompoya, Philemon Badu +4Tutors Sri Lanka
Understanding How International Students in the U.S. Are Using Conversational AI to Support Cross-Cultural Adaptation
May 14, 2026Laleh Nourian, Anisa Callis, Stephanie Patterson +3Student Interviews
Improving Multi-turn Dialogue Consistency with Self-Recall Thinking
May 14, 2026Renning Pang, Tian Lan, Leyuan Liu +3Multi-Turn Conversations Factual Recall
Towards Continuous Sign Language Conversation from Isolated Signs
May 14, 2026Youngmin Kim, Kyobin Choo, Jiwoo Park +4Sign Language Conversational Datasets
MindGap: A Conversational AI Framework for Upstream Neuroplastic Intervention in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
May 14, 2026Eranga Bandara, Ross Gore, Asanga Gunaratna +16Psychology Synaptic Plasticity
GroupMemBench: Benchmarking LLM Agent Memory in Multi-Party Conversations
May 14, 2026Jingbo Yang, Kwei-Herng Lai, Xiaowen Wang +3Agent Memory Conversational Benchmarks
Grounded Continuation: A Linear-Time Runtime Verifier for LLM Conversations
May 13, 2026Qisong He, Jinwei Hu, Xinmiao Huang +3Multi-Turn Large Language Model Conversations Verifier
Dual Hierarchical Dialogue Policy Learning for Legal Inquisitive Conversational Agents
May 13, 2026Xubo Lin, Zezhi Deng, Shihao Wang +2Conversational Artificial Intelligence Abstract Argumentation
VERA-MH: Validation of Ethical and Responsible AI in Mental Health
May 13, 2026Luca Belli, Kate H. Bentley, Josh Gieringer +6Mental Health Support Chatbots
IndicMedDialog: A Parallel Multi-Turn Medical Dialogue Dataset for Accessible Healthcare in Indic Languages
May 13, 2026Shubham Kumar Nigam, Suparnojit Sarkar, Piyush PatelConversational Datasets Multilingual Data
When Attention Closes: How LLMs Lose the Thread in Multi-Turn Interaction
May 13, 2026Vardhan Dongre, Joseph Hsieh, Viet Dac Lai +3Multi-Turn Interactions Large Language Model Performance

May 27, 2026 · cs.AIJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Adopt $\neq$ Adapt: Longitudinal Analyses of LLM Conversations in the Wild

Rebecca M. M. Hicke, Kiran Tomlinson

Cornell University · Microsoft Research

Although a growing body of research has begun to describe user--LLM interactions, the picture it paints is largely static; little is known about how individual users change their behavior over time. To address this gap, we analyze the conversational trajectories of ~12,000 randomly sampled Microsoft Bing Copilot users and compare these with data from WildChat-4.8M. While the Copilot data contains significant population-level trends, we find that trends in individual user trajectories are much weaker; user habits prove to be overwhelmingly sticky. We also find stark differences between users of different activity levels: more active users have more successful conversations and use the LLM for more complex and professionally oriented tasks. Some user trends also appear in WildChat-4.8M, but we find evidence that this dataset is significantly skewed towards highly proficient "power" users. Ultimately, our results suggest that existing user behavior is difficult to change and demonstrate the extent of user heterogeneity. Our comparison between datasets highlights that WildChat does not represent typical user--AI interactions, an important caveat for downstream uses of the data.

Multi-Turn Large Language Model Conversations Chatbots Copilot Heterogeneity

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