Multi-Agent Systems

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Overview

Multi-Agent Systems studies how multiple decision-makers interact when they share goals, compete for resources, or have only partial information about one another. Approaches include multi-agent reinforcement learning, game theory and formal verification, decentralized consensus and task allocation, and—more recently—LLM-agent teams organized through roles, workflows, debate, and shared memory. Researchers evaluate these methods in social dilemmas, cooperative robotics and swarms, reasoning and coding benchmarks, and operational settings, measuring success alongside cost, robustness, and fairness. A central open tension is that coordination can improve outcomes but also adds overhead and can spread shared errors, so its benefits depend on the task, communication structure, and agents involved.

Latest papers

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677 papers99 papers in the last four weeks, up 29% on the four weeks before. 0.6% of all new papers.

  1. CHMAS: A Coupled Hierarchical Framework for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

    Jul 21, 2026Dongming Wang, Jie Xu, Yanyu Zhang +1Multi-Agent CoordinationAsynchronous RL

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA

  2. Do AI-Native Biotechs Need Departments? Benchmarking Company World Models for AI-Driven Drug Development

    Jul 21, 2026Yinan WangWorld ModelsAI Agent Evaluation

    Noah AI Research

  3. EduPanel: A Three-Agent LLM Judge for Teaching Videos -- Reliability, Complementarity, and Human Trust Calibration

    Jul 20, 2026Jia-Kai Dong, Yi-Cheng Lin, Hung-yi LeeLLM-as-a-JudgeEducational Assessment

    National Taiwan University · NTU Artificial Intelligence Center of Research Excellence

  4. The Shared Discovery Paradox: How a One-Answer Rule Turns Better Information into Worse Search

    Jul 20, 2026Yohei NakajimaNash EquilibriumGame Theory

    Untapped Capital

  5. Multi-Agent Scheduling with LLM-Assisted Contract Net Negotiation for Stream Processing in Mobile Edge Computing

    Jul 19, 2026Sabeur Lajili, Zaki BrahmiAutomated NegotiationAgent Communication Protocols

    University of Sousse, Tunisia

  6. A Multi-Agent System for 5G Throughput Prediction in Multi-Operator Urban Environments

    Jul 18, 2026Muhammad Kabeer, Rosdiadee Nordin, Nadiva Nuriftitah +1Adaptive Model RoutingWireless Communications

    Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia · Department of Computer Science, Federal University Dutsinma, Katsina, Nigeria · Future Cities Research Institute (FCRI), Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia +1

  7. Laplacian Spectral Shaping for Non-Uniform Scaling Formation Control of Open Multi-Agent Systems

    Jul 18, 2026Tao He, Gangshan JingMulti-Robot Formation ControlMulti-Agent Control

    School of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PRC

  8. When Do Multi-Agent Systems Help? An Information Bottleneck Perspective

    Jul 17, 2026Wendi Yu, Lianhao Zhou, Xiangjue Dong +6Multi-Agent LLM SystemsInformation Bottleneck

    Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University · Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University · Computing and Data Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory

  9. The Honest Quorum Problem: Epistemic Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Agentic Infrastructure

    Jul 17, 2026Jun He, Deying YuAgent ReliabilityMulti-Agent Systems

  10. AgentFAIR: A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework for FAIRness Evaluation of Geospatial Datasets

    Jul 17, 2026Ming Chen, Pranav PaiMulti-Agent SystemsRubric-Based Evaluation

    The University of Melbourne Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

  11. The Energy Society: A Simulation Environment for Studying Agent Cooperation under Survival Pressure

    Jul 16, 2026Lucas Bergholdt Hansen, Federico Torrielli, Filippo Tonini +1Social DilemmasMulti-Agent Coordination

    University of Southern Denmark Odense, Denmark · University of Turin Torino, Italy

  12. Towards an Intention Abstraction Layer for Autonomous Industrial Systems

    Jul 16, 2026Artan Markaj, Raphael Höfer, Felix GehlhoffAI Agent MonitoringMulti-Agent Systems

    Eurogate GmbH & Co. KGaA, KG Hamburg, Germany · Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg Hamburg, Germany

  13. Unveiling Complex Collective Behaviors from Simple Rewards

    Jul 14, 2026Yize Mi, Jianan Li, Liang Li +1Swarm RoboticsMulti-Robot Coordination

    College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. · WINDY Lab, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China · Shanghai AI Laboratory, 200030, Shanghai, China +4

  14. Graph Feedback Controls Consensus and Clique Formation in Open-Weight Language-Model Populations

    Jul 13, 2026Samer Saab, Chaouki AbdallahOpen-Weight Language ModelsMulti-Agent Systems

    Lebanese American University Byblos, Lebanon · Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Lebanese American University Byblos, Lebanon

  15. Automated Textbook Auditing with Multi-Agent LLM Systems

    Jul 13, 2026Ciprian Cristescu, Adrian-Marius Dumitran, Angela-Liliana Dumitran +1AI Agent AuditingGenerative AI in Education

    University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania · Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Bucharest, Romania

  16. Do Multi-Agent LLMs Explore Each Other?

    Jul 13, 2026Hyeong Kyu Choi, Jiatong Li, Wendi Li +2Multi-Agent LLM SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    University of Wisconsin–Madison · University of California, Santa Barbara

  17. Distributed Agent System: Fault-Tolerant Collaboration Among Embodied Agents

    Jul 12, 2026Kai Yu, Lu Chen, Hanqi LiMulti-Agent CollaborationMulti-Agent Systems

    X-LANCE Lab, School of Computer Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China · Jiangsu Key Lab of Language Computing, Suzhou, 215028, China

  18. Volition Elicitation: Operational Semantics for People and Their Machines

    Jul 10, 2026Idit Keidar, Ehud ShapiroMulti-Agent SystemsMulti-Agent Coordination

    London School of Economics and Weizmann Institute of Science, UK and Israel

  19. Secret Scanner Agent: Extracting Secrets and Access Context from Unstructured Documents

    Jul 10, 2026Zixiao Chen, Mariko Wakabayashi, Charlotte SiskaDocument Information ExtractionLLMs for Cybersecurity

    Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA

  20. Game Theory Driven Multi-Agent Framework Mitigates Language Model Hallucination

    Jul 9, 2026Runzhe Liu, Biquan Bie, Zihao Wang +7Multi-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Hallucination Mitigation

    1State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China · 2Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Chemistry, CR Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Intelligent Chemistry and Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China · 4Independent Researcher, Beijing 100032, China. +1

  21. Institutional Red-Teaming: Deployment Rules, Not Just Models, Causally Shape Multi-Agent AI Safety

    Jul 8, 2026Yujiao ChenAlgorithmic FairnessAI Agent Safety

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology · Cambridge, MA 02139

  22. Finding H. pylori in the Fine Print: Evidence-Linked Multi-Agent Case Finding from Gastric Biopsy Reports

    Jul 7, 2026Yufan Wang, Anit Kumar Sahu, Yan Fei Ng +8Computational PathologyClinical Information Extraction

    Nimblemind.ai, USA · Independent Researcher · Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore +2

  23. A framework for single and multi-agent human-AI curiosity ecosystems

    Jul 7, 2026Ilya E. MonosovAI Agents for Scientific DiscoveryIntrinsic Motivation

    Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA · Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA · Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA +1

  24. Norm Enforcement for AI Agents: Robustly Shaping Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems

    Jul 7, 2026Yaowen Ye, Jacob SteinhardtLLM AgentsMulti-Agent Systems

    University of California, Berkeley

  25. StateFuse: Deterministic Conflict-Preserving Memory for Multi-Agent Systems

    Jul 7, 2026Sergey Volkov, Yang Li, Ye LuoAgent MemoryMulti-Agent Systems

    The University of Hong Kong

  26. Collective Intelligence with Foundation Models

    Jul 6, 2026J. de Curtò, I. de ZarzàAI Agent EvaluationMulti-Agent Collaboration

    Department of Computer Applications in Science & Engineering, BARCELONA Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, Spain · Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería (ICAI), Universidad Pontificia Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain · Human Centered AI, Data & Software, LUXEMBOURG Institute of Science and Technology, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg

  27. Decision Protocols in Multi-Agent Large Language Model Conversations

    Jul 6, 2026Lars Benedikt KaesbergMulti-Agent LLM SystemsLLM Agent Evaluation

    GippLab Georg August University of Göttingen Göttingen

  28. An Exploration of Agentic Information Fusion for Test Maintenance Prediction

    Jul 6, 2026Jingxiong Liu, Nasser Mohammadiha, Gregory GayAutomated Software TestingPredictive Maintenance

    Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg · Ericsson AB

  29. Replicating Belief, Not Bits: Epistemic State Replication for Agentic Systems

    Jul 3, 2026Jun He, Deying YuMulti-Agent Systems

  30. Second MOASEI Competition at AAMAS'2026: A Technical Report

    Jul 3, 2026Ceferino Patino, Tyler J. Billings, Alireza Saleh Abadi +4Multi-Agent CoordinationAI Agent Benchmarks

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln · Lincoln, Nebraska, United States · University of Georgia - Athens +3