Belief

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Period ending 2026-09-21

6 new papers

A weekly snapshot of new work published in Belief.

Period ending 2026-09-14

3 new papers

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Period ending 2026-09-07

5 new papers

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142 papers

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Delayed Verification Destabilizes Multi-Agent LLM Belief: Instability Thresholds and Optimal Corrector Placement
Jun 25, 2026Igor ItkinMulti-Agent Large Language Model Verifier
Efficient Adaptive Data Acquisition via Pretrained Belief Representations
Jun 23, 2026Daolang Huang, Zhuoyue Huang, Conor Hassan +3Data Collection Bayesian Optimization
When Does Belief-Based Agent Memory Help? Reliability-Conditional Updating and Provenance-Capped Poisoning Defense
Jun 20, 2026Pranav SinghLong-Term Conversational Memory Agent Memory
REBA: A Revealed Belief Automaton Framework for Online Planning in Continuous POMDPs
Jun 20, 2026Xiangwei Chen, Lingling Fang, Andreas Holzinger +1Partially Observable Markov Decision Process Belief
A Transport-Based Geometry of Belief-Cost
Jun 19, 2026Laurent CaraffaOptimal Transport Inference Cost
Study on Quantitative Dynamic Epistemic Logic for Belief Revision
Jun 18, 2026Felipe Nunes de Souza CamargoInitial Human Belief Distributions Modal Logic
Hidden Anchors in Multi-Agent LLM Deliberation
Jun 17, 2026Apurba Pokharel, Ram DantuDeliberation Opinion Dynamics
Escape from Delusional Echo Trap: Symmetry Breaking, Stochastic Dynamics and Mathematical Mitigation Strategies for Algorithmic Sycophancy
Jun 16, 2026Sayantari Ghosh, Saumik Bhattacharya, Partha Pratim ChakrabartiSycophancy Belief
From Drift to Coherence: Stabilizing Beliefs in LLMs
Jun 16, 2026SongEun Kim, Seungyoo Lee, Edwin Fong +2Belief Coherence
Decision-Driven Geosteering Under Uncertainty: A Unified Framework for Sequential Decision Optimization
Jun 15, 2026Hibat Errahmen Djecta, Sergey Alyaev, Kristian Fossum +3Uncertainty-Aware Inference Sub-Surface Mineral Prospectivity Modelling
DIFF-IPPO: Diffusion-Based Informative Path Planning with Open-Vocabulary Belief Maps
Jun 15, 2026Sausar Karaf, Oleg Sautenkov, Mikhail Martynov +1Diffusion Planning Coverage Path Planning
"Did you lie?" Evaluating Lie Detectors across Model Scale and Belief-Verified Model Organisms
Jun 10, 2026Alan Cooney, David Africa, Geoffrey IrvingBelief Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Mind the Perspective: Let's Reason Recursively for Theory of Mind
Jun 10, 2026Chao Lei, Guang Hu, Meng Yang +2Theory-Of-Mind Reasoning Multimodal Reasoning
Building Social World Models with Large Language Models
Jun 9, 2026Haofei Yu, Yining Zhao, Guanyu Lin +1Belief Prediction Markets
Superficial Beliefs in LLM Decision-Making
Jun 9, 2026Gabriel Freedman, Francesca ToniLarge Language Model Decision-Making Belief
Multi-UAV Active Sensing with Information Gain-based Planning and Belief Fusion
Jun 9, 2026S. Habibi, L. MarquesMulti-Uav Systems Multi-Sensor Fusion
A Reliable Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Belief Rule Base Consider Robustness Analysis
Jun 9, 2026Mingyuan Liu, Dan Yin, Zongzong WuFault Diagnosis Belief
Performance Evaluation of Social Learning
Jun 8, 2026Felice Scala, Marco Carpentiero, Vincenzo Matta +1Complex Networks Equal Error Rate
Language as a Sensor: Calibrated Spatial Belief Estimation in 3D Scenes from Natural Language
Jun 7, 2026Aryan Naveen, Jason Xinyu Liu, Luca Carlone +13D Spatial Reasoning Semantic Mapping
Standpoint Logics with Defeasible Beliefs
Jun 7, 2026Nicholas Leisegang, Thomas Meyer, Sebastian RudolphPropositions Entailment
Characterizing Opinion Evolution of Networked LLMs
Jun 5, 2026Caleb Probine, Yigit Ege Bayiz, Filippos Fotiadis +3Opinion Dynamics Large Language
Struct-Searcher: Agentic Structural Thinking Advances Multimodal Deep Information Seeking
Jun 5, 2026Fan Zhang, Vireo Zhang, Shengju Qian +7Multimodal Search Agents Graph Foundation Model
Equivariant Neural Belief Propagation
Jun 4, 2026Zehua Cheng, Wei Dai, Jiahao SunEquivariant Neural Networks Variational Inference
A Model of Multi-turn Human Persuadability Using Probabilistic Belief Tracing
Jun 3, 2026Jared Moore, Noah Goodman, Nick Haber +1Persuasion Belief
Long Live Fine-Tuning: Task-Specific Transformers Outperform Zero-Shot LLMs for Misinformation Response Classification on Reddit
Jun 2, 2026JooYoung Lee, Lin Tian, Angela Brillantes +2Misinformation Detection Misinformation
BehaviorBench: Modeling Real-World User Decisions from Behavioral Traces
Jun 1, 2026Liangwei Yang, Jielin Qiu, Zixiang Chen +9Interaction History User Simulation
An Abstract Worlds Semantic Framework for Belief Change Operators
Jun 1, 2026Daniel Grimaldi, M. Vanina Martinez, Ricardo O. RodriguezInitial Human Belief Distributions Belief
MindClaw: Closed-Loop Embodied Mental-State Reasoning for Precision Intervention
May 31, 2026Ruoxuan Zhang, Qiaoqiao Wan, Zhengguang Wang +4Theory-Of-Mind Reasoning Embodied Agents
MENTIS: What Belief Changes Under Alignment? Measuring Multi-Scale Latent Torsion in Language Models
May 31, 2026Partha Pratim Saha, Samarth Raina, Mayur Parvatikar +4Large Language Model Alignment Model Activations
Belief Consistency Between Foundation-Model Evidence and Geometric Perception in Persistent Robotic Maps
May 29, 2026Christoffer Heckman, Harel Biggie, Brendan Crowe +1Geospatial Foundation Models Mapping
Sound effects in media:A comparative analysis of recorded and synthetic samples in live-action and animation
May 29, 2026Nelly Garcia, Joshua ReissSonification Synthetic Samples
When Should Models Change Their Minds? Contextual Belief Management in Large Language Models
May 28, 2026Haoming Xu, Weihong Xu, Zongrui Li +6Initial Human Belief Distributions Belief
Meta-Cognitive Memory Policy Optimization for Long-Horizon LLM Agents
May 28, 2026Ziyan Liu, Zhezheng Hao, Yeqiu Chen +7Long-Horizon Agents Large Language Model Agents
Certified Policy Optimisation for Nested Causal Bandits via PAC-Bayes Risk
May 28, 2026Tim Woydt, Paul-David ZuercherOptimal Policies Thompson Sampling
Differentiable Belief-based Opponent Shaping
May 27, 2026Aarav G Sane, Karthik Sivachandran, Rohan PalejaMulti-Agent Reinforcement Learning Potential-Based Reward Shaping
Practitioner Beliefs and Behaviors in AI-Enhanced Education: DOT Framework Survey Evidence
May 27, 2026David Gibson, M. Elizabeth Azukas, Gerald KnezekArtificial Intelligence Literacy Pedagogy
OmniToM: Benchmarking Theory of Mind in LLMs via Explicit Belief Modeling
May 25, 2026Adam Bawatneh, Sagar Sapkota, Amrit Singh Bedi +2Theory-Of-Mind Reasoning Social Reasoning
UWM-JEPA: Predictive World Models That Imagine in Belief Space
May 25, 2026Santosh Kumar Radha, Oktay GoktasLatent World Models Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures
DarkForest: Less Talk, Higher Accuracy for Multi-Agent LLMs
May 24, 2026Yi Li, Songtao Wei, Dongming Jiang +3Multi-Agent Large Language Model Multi-Agent Large Language Model Systems
Jointly Learning Predicates and Actions Enables Zero-Shot Skill Composition
May 20, 2026Benedict Quartey, Sebastian Castro, Eric Rosen +3Visuomotor Policy Symbolic Predicates
Hiding in Plain Sight: Finding MAHA on Reddit
May 19, 2026Sabit Ahmed, Subigya Nepal, Henry KautzReddit Social Media
Rewarding Beliefs, Not Actions: Consistency-Guided Credit Assignment for Long-Horizon Agents
May 19, 2026Wenjie Tang, Minne Li, Sijie Huang +2Reinforcement Learning With Verifiable Reward Credit Assignment
LLM Agents Make Collective Belief Dynamics Programmable: Challenges and Research Directions
May 19, 2026Xin He, Junxi Shen, Yuchen Mou +4Belief Large Language Model Agents
BELIEF: Structured Evidence Modeling and Uncertainty-Aware Fusion for Biomedical Question Answering
May 17, 2026Chang Zong, Hao Ning, Siliang Tang +2Belief Uncertainty-Aware Fusion
Evidential Information Fusion on Possibilistic Structure
May 16, 2026Qianli Zhou, Ye Cui, Zhen Li +2Evidential Learning Bayesian
Process Rewards with Learned Reliability
May 15, 2026Jinyuan Li, Langlin Huang, Chengsong Huang +5Reliable Medical Process-Level Reward Model Evaluation Framework Belief
Belief Engine: Configurable and Inspectable Stance Dynamics in Multi-Agent LLM Deliberation
May 14, 2026Joshua C. Yang, Maurice Flechtner, Damian Dailisan +1Belief Opinion Dynamics
ScioMind: Cognitively Grounded Multi-Agent Social Simulation with Anchoring-Based Belief Dynamics and Dynamic Profiles
May 13, 2026Yitian Yang, Yiqun Duan, Linghan Huang +4Multi-Agent Simulations Opinion Dynamics
What Do You Think I Think? Accounting for Human Beliefs Using Second-Order Theory of Mind
May 12, 2026Patrick Callaghan, Reid Simmons, Henny AdmoniTheory-Of-Mind Reasoning Belief
Stories in Space: In-Context Learning Trajectories in Conceptual Belief Space
May 12, 2026Eric Bigelow, Raphaël Sarfati, Daniel Wurgaft +5In-Context Learning In-Context
Efficient Conditioning Why Pseudo Observation Batch Bayesian Optimization Works When It Does not
May 12, 2026Kumbha Nagaswetha, Rabi PathakBayesian Optimization Bayesian
Random-Set Graph Neural Networks
May 12, 2026Tommy Woodley, Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal, Matteo Tolloso +2Graph Neural Networks Epistemic Uncertainty
Agent-BRACE: Decoupling Beliefs from Actions in Long-Horizon Tasks via Verbalized State Uncertainty
May 12, 2026Joykirat Singh, Zaid Khan, Archiki Prasad +5Long-Horizon Agents Initial Human Belief Distributions
3D-Belief: Embodied Belief Inference via Generative 3D World Modeling
May 12, 2026Yifan Yin, Zehao Wen, Suyu Ye +103D World 3D Scenes
Terminal Matters: Kinodynamic Planning with a Terminal Cost and Learned Uncertainty in Belief State-Cost Space
May 9, 2026Zhuoyun Zhong, Seyedali Golestaneh, Constantinos ChamzasBelief Space Planning Methods
Change My View? The Dynamics of Persuasion and Polarization in Online Discourse
May 8, 2026David Freeborn, Malihe Alikani, Anthony SiciliaPersuasion Abstract Argumentation
Statistical inference with belief functions: A survey
May 8, 2026Fabio CuzzolinStatistical Inference Belief
The Context Gathering Decision Process: A POMDP Framework for Agentic Search
May 7, 2026Chinmaya Kausik, Adith Swaminathan, Nathan KallusLarge Language Model Agents Agentic Reasoning
The Cost of Consensus: Malignant Epistemic Herding and Adaptive Gating in Distributed Multi-Agent Search
May 7, 2026David Farr, Iain Cruickshank, Kate Starbird +1Multi-Agent Coordination Consensus
When Does a Language Model Commit? A Finite-Answer Theory of Pre-Verbalization Commitment
May 7, 2026Long Zhang, Wei-neng Chen, Feng-feng Wei +1Continuation Finite

Jun 25, 2026 · cs.MAJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Delayed Verification Destabilizes Multi-Agent LLM Belief: Instability Thresholds and Optimal Corrector Placement

Igor Itkin

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems often rely on verifier and critic agents to suppress hallucinations, but verification is delayed. During this delay, false claims can propagate through the agent network. We model this process as delayed consensus on a graph with grounded corrector nodes. Spectral decomposition by the grounded Laplacian yields a closed-form stability threshold for the verification dose: correction that is too strong or too delayed can turn consensus into oscillation. The most unstable regime occurs when the communication and verification delays coincide; for delay two, the threshold is the inverse golden ratio. The same framework gives a supermodular placement objective and a greedy (1-1/e)-approximation rule for assigning a limited corrector budget to influential nodes. Experiments across five open models confirm the predicted dose-delay oscillations. By contrast, grounded factual answering makes truth an absorbing boundary and eliminates the effect, suggesting that the instability is specific to signed-belief tasks while grounded verification remains stabilizing

Multi-Agent Large Language Model Verifier Instability Belief Oscillatory Dynamics

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